What You Can Do For Your Country Act

The Affordable Care Act (P.L. 111-148, P.L. 111-152): Expanding coverage and improving Medicare benefits; Providing needed protections to guard against insurance practices that unfairly limit, deny or rescind coverage based on health status; public and private health insurers should encourage preventive health care by providing full coverage, with no cost-sharing, for preventive services recommended by an expert advisory group, such as the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force; Ensuring access to primary care physicians; and beginning to bend the cost curve; Prohibiting insurers from excluding or charging excessive rates to children based on pre-existing conditions, which later will be expanded to all persons; Covering young adults on their parents' plans; Eliminating lifetime and annual limits on health insurance coverage; Requiring that health insurers spend more on patient care and less on administration; support enactment of S. 248, the Empowering States to Innovate Act, which amends the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) to: (1) allow states to apply for waivers of certain health insurance coverage requirements in such Act (including requirements for the establishment of qualified health plans and health insurance exchanges) for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2014 (currently, January 1, 2017), and (2) require the waiver application process to begin not later than 180 days after the enactment of this Act; Phasing out the Medicare Part D doughnut hole; Eliminating patient cost-sharing for preventive services offered by Medicare or private insurers; Increasing Medicare and Medicaid payments to primary care physicians; Supporting the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to help physicians and patients make care decisions based on the best available evidence; Supporting the Center on Medicare and Medicaid Innovation to fund pilots of delivery models to improve outcomes and reduce costs, including patient-centered medical homes; Advocated against a December 2018 ruling by a federal judge in Texas that the entire Affordable Care Act (ACA) is unconstitutional. Access to Primary Care in the Context of Comprehensive Healthcare Reform Legislation (H.R. 3962/H.R. 3590/H.R. 4872): Provide sliding scale subsidies based on income to buy coverage from qualified plans; Qualified plans should: provide evidence-based benefits, including preventive services; and be prohibited from excluding persons with pre-existing conditions, charging them more, cherry-picking enrollees, or cancelling or failing to renew coverage; Expand Medicaid to cover all persons below the Federal Poverty Level and ensure fair payments to participating physicians; As coverage becomes affordable, all persons should participate and coverage should be guaranteed; Responsibility for financing should be shared by individuals, employers and government. Medicare payment models that re-align incentives to support effective, efficient, patient-centered, coordinated care. Priority should be given to models designed to support the value of services provided by primary care physicians as well as to models that would create incentives, across physician specialties and sites of services, to improve the quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of care provided. Policy criteria for selecting the most promising models for pilot testing should be developed, in consultation with outside experts; The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH), which has shown great promise in meeting the policy objectives suggested above, should be among the models selected for broader testing on a national pilot basis; the use of the medical home model for treatment or services under private health plans, the requirement of health plans to provide incentives to promote and report on medical home services provided, the establishment of community health teams and a primary care extension program to educate and support primary care practices in the delivery of medical home services, and the establishment of a demonstration project to educate physicians and other clinicians in training in the competencies required to deliver care consistent with the medical home care model. Medicare Payments to Physicians: Urged that Congress provide incentives to physicians who transform their practices into Advanced Alternative Payment Models and continue to provide stability for physicians in the MIPS program. Specifically, Congress should extend the five percent Qualified Alternative Payment Model participant bonus beyond the 2022 performance year, replace the zero percent baseline payment updates under Medicare with positive updates. Urged congressional committees with jurisdiction over Medicare to exercise their oversight authority and urge CMS to expedite approval of more Advanced APMS, particularly those that work for small and specialty practices and to simplify the scoring structure and reporting requirements under the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) in order to fulfill Congress intent of a more streamlined program that reduces burdens on physicians; Supported S.2648, the Rural ACO Improvement Act, amends title XVIII of the Social Security Act to improve the benchmarking process for the Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) to ensure that all ACOs have an equal opportunity to share in savings regardless of their geographic location; Provided recommendations to CMS on the Merit-based Incentive Payment System Value Pathway (MVP), which aims to reduce reporting burden and complexity within MIPS while improving the accuracy and effectiveness of performance measurement. The College noted specifically that a robust, multi-year transition period will be critical to the success of the MVP, that it does not support making the MVP mandatory, that CMS should continue to support numerous reporting mechanisms, including qualified registries and clinical data registries, which have been instrumental in developing specialty-specific performance measures, among other things. Urged support for H.R. 8505, a bill to provide for a one-year waiver of budget neutrality adjustments under the Medicare physician fee schedule; Urged that any legislation to hold some Medicare physician payment codes harmless from budget neutrality do so for just one year and to allow evaluation and management increases, along with GPC1X codes to go into effect. Administrative Tasks on Physicians and Patients: Congress should accelerate its efforts to reduce administrative burdens on clinicians and patients, including: streamlining the prior authorization process, better integrating clinical data into clinicians electronic health records (EHRs), and working with CMS in their effort to overhaul clinical documentation guidelines; Urged Congress to cosponsor and pass the Safe Step Act (H.R. 2279), to require health insurers to provide an exceptions process for any medication step therapy protocol based on clinical decision-making, medical necessity, and other patient needs. Prescription Drug Costs: The College advocated for greater transparency in drug pricing, the elimination of anti-competitive industry practices that create barriers to generics coming to market, the importance of accounting for value in payment and coverage for prescriptions, and providing authority to the federal government to negotiate drug discounts under the Medicare Part D program. Specifically, the College urged Congress to pass the Medicare Prescription Drug Price Negotiation Act of 2019 (H.R. 275/S. 62), which allows the Secretary of Health and Human Services to negotiate covered Part D drug prices on behalf of Medicare beneficiaries, and the Creating and Restoring Equal Access to Equivalent Samples (CREATES) Act of 2019, (H.R. 965/S. 340), which would improve patient access to alternative low-cost prescription drugs and biological products by preventing prescription drug manufacturers from misusing the FDAs Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) process to make it difficult for competing generics to be brought to the market. Also urged that Congress pass the Reforming Evergreening and Manipulation that Extends Drug Years, REMEDY Act (S. 1209), to aid in the approval of more generic drug applications by the FDA and therefore improve patient access to those medications. Also urged that Congress pass the Prescription Drug STAR Act (H.R. 2113), and the Fair Accountability and Innovative Research (FAIR) Drug Pricing Act (H.R. 2296/S. 1391), to promote greater drug pricing transparency; Expressed appreciation to the House speaker for introduction of H.R. 3, the Lower Drug Costs Now Act, noting encouragement for its provisions to empower the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to negotiate with drug companies for lower prices and to cap out-of-pocket costs for seniors enrolled in the Medicare Part D program. Commented to the FDA on its prescription drug reimportation proposed rule noting that while the College is generally supportive of drug importation as laid out in the proposed rule as a means to control the cost of prescription drugs, the FDA must guarantee that the design and implementation of the rule includes numerous measures and safeguards to ensure patient safety. By limiting the origin of imported drugs to Canadian-certified and FDA-approved and registered drugs and entities, the College believes the proposed rule meets the required U.S. standards to assure high-quality drugs and patient safety. Any final drug importation system must also be one that is a closed system and has a tightly controlled and documented supply chain to assure authenticity and avoid degradation of the drug. Workforce, Medical and Health Services Research, Public Health Initiatives: Congress should ensure funding in FY 2021 for federal programs/initiatives designed to support primary care including Title VII Health Professions grants and the National Health Service Corps (NHSC). Equally important is the need to fund essential health services and medical research by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and public health programs supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Firearms-Related Injury and Death: The College advocated for lawmakers to pass measures to strengthen the criminal background check system, ban assault weapons and high capacity magazines, prevent the unlawful transfer of firearms to those who cannot legally purchase them, and remove restrictions on, and provide dedicated funding for, research by federal agencies on prevention of firearms-related injuries and death. Specifically, the College urged passage of the Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019 (H.R. 8), which would strengthen the accuracy and reporting of the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) as well as expand Brady background checks to cover all firearm sales, including unlicensed firearms sellers currently not required to use background checks, and the Gun Violence Prevention Research Act (H.R. 674/S. 184), which would authorize funding for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to study firearms safety and gun violence prevention. Also urged Congress to pass the Violence Against Women (VAWA) Reauthorization Act of 2019 (H.R. 1585), to provide protections for domestic violence victims by restricting access to firearms by those deemed a threat to them. Also urged Congress to pass the Assault Weapons Ban of 2019 (S. 66/H.R. 1296), to ban the sale of semi-automatic weapons and high capacity magazines. Immigration: The College advocated against family separation at the U.S. border. Specifically, the College urged support for H.R. 541 - the Keep Families Together Act, which would help ensure that children are not separated from their parents when families unlawfully cross over the border into the United States and would ensure that the Department of Homeland Security would not be able to implement the zero tolerance policy that separated families at the border last summer; urged congressional oversight of family separation policies. Also urged that Congress pass H.R. 6, the Dream and Promise Act of 2019, which would provide a pathway to U.S. citizenship for undocumented children who came to the United States due to the action of their parents, also known as Dreamers. Expressed concern to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security with the recent U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) policy change to no longer accept or adjudicate non-military deferred action requests including those for individuals with serious medical conditions; Urged USCIS to reverse this decision immediately and resume consideration of deferred action requests for medical reasons; Opposed the proposed rule, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) Establishing a Fixed Time Period of Admission and an Extension of Stay Procedure for Nonimmigrant Academic Students, Exchange Visitors, and Representatives of Foreign Information Media. This rule would change the process to extend the period of authorized stay in the United States for certain categories of nonimmigrants by eliminating the long-standing "duration of status and replacing it with a specific end date. The College urged the Department of Homeland Security to exclude physicians in the Department of States (DOS) Exchange Visitor Program in J-1 visa status from this rule change because it will otherwise disrupt the training of thousands of physicians - physicians who already have been thoroughly vetted, already are serving on our nations health care teams, and already are carefully monitored during their time in the U.S. Graduate Medical Education: Urged that Congress support medical education training and debt relief for primary care physicians and other specialties facing shortages by passing the Resident Physician Shortage Reduction Act of 2019 (S. 348, H.R. 1763), to lift the GME caps as needed to permit training an adequate number of primary care physicians, including internal medicine specialists, and physicians in other specialties facing shortages; passing the Resident Education Deferred Interest Act (H.R. 1554), to save physicians in residency programs thousands of dollars in interest on their loans and help incentivize the opening of practices in underserved areas; pass legislation to combine DGME and IME into a single, more functional payment program, and broaden the GME financing structure to include all payers; support funding for GME/IME and programs within the Veterans Health Administration that provide graduate medical education to ensure that physicians are adequately trained with the skills needed to treat an aging population. Urged Congress to pass the Opioid Workforce Act of 2019 (H.R. 3414), which would provide Medicare support for an additional 1,000 graduate medical education (GME) positions over five years in hospitals that have, or are in the process of establishing, accredited residency programs in addiction medicine, addiction psychiatry, or pain medicine. Urged Congress to pass S. 1203 and H.R. 2441, the What You Can Do For Your Country Act, which would improve and reform the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Program. Vaccines: Urged Congress to pass the Vaccines Act (HR 2862), which would provide federal funding for vaccine hesitancy surveillance at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and outline a national public messaging campaign informed by this research to help improve vaccination rates; Supported H.R. 592, recognizing the anniversary of the eradication of smallpox and the importance of vaccination in the United States and worldwide; Urged the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to reconsider its decision to not vaccinate families in the custody of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) against influenza (flu). Urged Congress to support payments for vaccines, as finalized by CMS, and set for implementation on Jan. 1, 2021. Surprise Medical Billing: Urged Congress to pass legislation that would protect patients from surprise out-of-network medical bills in both emergency and non-emergency settings that includes the following principles: hold patients harmless from surprise medical bills for out-of-network services, address narrow insurance networks, abandon efforts to establish an in-network median rate for services in these settings and instead opt for an independent dispute resolution process to determine payment. Appropriations: Urged Congress to fund Title VII, Section 747, Primary Care Training and Enhancement (PCTE) at $71 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) at $460 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) at $830 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Title X Family Planning Program at $400 million for fiscal year 2021 and include language to remove barriers to care that interfere with the patient-physician relationship; Fund Research on Prevention of Firearms-related Injuries and Deaths at $50 million for Fiscal Year 2021; Fund the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at $44.7 billion for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at $8.3 billion for fiscal year 2021; Urged the House and Senate Armed Services Committees to support provisions in any final FY2021 National Defense Authorization Act to prevent cuts to the Military Health Service and the military medical workforce without requiring appropriate congressional oversight and review. Physician Fee Schedule: Commented to CMS and to Congress to fully implement payment increases for all evaluation and management codes, as finalized by CMS, and as scheduled for implementation on Jan. 1, 2021. Reduce the documentation burden for E/M services by allowing choice of medical decision making or time, and work to develop additional clarity and guidance on acceptable documentation to operationalize these important proposals; examination room desktop computers should be counted as a direct medical equipment cost; care management should be promoted by increasing the values of services like Transitional Care Management (TCM) and Chronic Care Management and implementing Principle Care Management (PCM) codes; require additional survey and review for any requests to increase non-outpatient E/M or other services; work with the physician community prior to finalizing any policy affecting eligibility to participate in the Medicare program; Urged congressional committees of jurisdiction to support: Higher physician work relative value units (RVUs) for new and established office visit codes, leading to increased payments for them, Reduced documentation requirements for office visit codes, which enables physicians to select and document for each visit based on medical decision-making or total time, Expanded and improved payment for care management services. Urged Congress to support waiving budget neutrality, applicable to the calendar year 2021 physician fee schedule. COVID-19: Urged congressional appropriators to provide the highest possible funding level for research, prevention, control, and treatment of illnesses associated with the virus that is commensurate with the public health emergency that the virus represents. Urged the administration to explore regulatory and other actions that would make COVID-19 testing free-of-charge to patients covered by both public and private insurance plans, including ACA-compliant plans offered through the insurance exchanges, and to waive co-pays and deductibles for patients seeing physicians for symptoms that may be indicative of COVID-19 or who are hospitalized for treatment. Urged CMS to utilize a national disaster recovery program that would pay doctors 110% of Medicare rates for caring for uninsured patients who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Expressed support to Congress and the administration for the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, H.R. 6201, and other stimulus reforms related to COVID-19 including: Emergency paid leave benefits, paid sick days for public health emergencies, coverage of testing for COVID-19, waiving of cost sharing under Medicare, Medicare Advantage, Medicaid, and CHIP, increasing the federal FMAP under Medicaid, providing reimbursement for CPT codes 99441 - 99443, which are telephone evaluation and management services, expediting entrance of international medical graduates who are citizens of other nations (non-US IMGs) into the country and ensuring that lawfully present non-U.S. IMGs are not negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, funding for physician practices under the Public Health and Social Service Emergency Fund (PHSSEF), providing tax relief, grants, and loans to small and medium size practices impacted by COVID-19, increasing funding for personal protective equipment (PPE), ensuring Medicaid pay parity with Medicare for primary care services; Urged HHS and Congress to make a targeted allocation out of the Provider Relief Fund (PRF) to support primary care physicians and their practices, sufficient to keep their doors open, by offsetting lost revenue from the COVID-19 pandemic, similar to the targeted allocation for rural hospitals; Urged support for the Student Loan Forgiveness for Frontline Health Workers Act, H.R. 6720, introduced May 5, 2020 by Representative Carolyn B. Maloney (D-NY) which would eliminate graduate school debt for healthcare workers, including physicians and medical students, who are providing direct patient care in response to the COVID-19 pandemic; Urged support for H.R. 7059, the Coronavirus Provider Protection Act, which extend liability protections to those who provide care in good faith during the COVID-19 public health emergency (plus a reasonable time, such as 60 days, after the emergency declaration ends), and not in situations of gross negligence or willful misconduct. The College also urged that pay parity between telephone claims and in-person visits and between all telehealth and in-person visits be maintained after the PHE is lifted. This extension-either continued by CMS or mandated by Congress-should last at least through the end of 2021, or until such a time when effective vaccines and treatments are widely available, with an option to extend it even further, or consider making permanent, based on the experience and learnings of patients and physicians who are utilizing these visits. Urged Congress to support a targeted allocation from the Provider Relief Fund specifically for primary care services. Priorities for New Administration: Urged the incoming Biden Administration to identify and appoint physicians to health care leadership positions within your Administration. Implement approval, distribution, and funding of a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine based on recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Provide support to physicians and other frontline health care workers, including ensuring access and distribution of personal protective equipment (PPE) to health care workers. Fund COVID-19 testing and contact tracing efforts. Reverse regulations that allow the sale of extended short-term, limited duration plans, association health plans. Take action to defend the Affordable Care Act from any litigation, including California v. Texas, that would undermine coverage and patient protections. Expand premium tax credits and cost-sharing reductions. Establish a federal public option to inject competition into the health insurance marketplace. Expand Medicaid eligibility and oppose expansion waivers that limit benefits and apply high cost sharing. Permanently increase payment for Medicaid primary care services to the level of Medicare. Restore the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, consistent with a recent ruling from a federal judge, and identify executive actions that can be taken to ensure that it is not vulnerable to being eliminated in the future. Pursue executive actions to preserve the principles of patient autonomy regarding reproductive decision-making rights. Reverse the Title X gag rule and restore funding to family planning clinics. Establish universal access to at least six weeks of paid family and medical leave that is flexible to accommodate care for a diverse array of family structures, including updating the Family Medical and Leave Act to include grandparents or in-laws. Re-introduce and pass the George Floyd Act and other legislation focused on eliminating racism and police violence. Rejoin the Paris Agreement.

Client expense: $91,236 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: Centers For Disease Control & Prevention (CDC), Centers For Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), Food & Drug Administration (FDA), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS), Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS), President of the U.S., SENATE, State, Dept of (DOS)

Advanced Coursework Equity Act (S. 4480), Anti-Lunch Shaming Act (H.R. 2311/S. 1119), Behavioral Intervention Guidelines Act (H.R. 3539), Child Care for Working Families Act (H.R. 1364/S. 568), Classrooms Reflecting Communities Act (S. 2887), Coronavirus Child Care and Education Relief Act (S. 4112), Dannys Law (H.R. 3659), Diversifying by Investing in Educators and Students to Improve Outcomes for Youth (DIVERSIFY) Act (H.R. 5350/S. 3158), Educating for Democracy Act (H.R. 8925), Educator Preparation Reform Act (S. 969), Elementary and Secondary School Counseling Act (H.R. 4381/S. 2499), Ending Corporal Punishment in Schools Act (H.R. 727), Enhancing K-12 Cybersecurity Act (H.R. 8612), Expanding Access to the Workforce Through Dual Enrollment Act (H.R. 653), Fast Track to and Through College Act (S. 2736), Full-Service Community Schools Expansion Act (S. 4865)IDEA Full Funding Act (H.R. 1878/S. 866), Inspiring New STEM Professionals by Investing in Renovation of Education Spaces (INSPIRES) Act (S. 3397/H.R. 6109), Jumpstart on College Act (H.R. 4108/S. 2395), K-12 Cybersecurity Act (S. 3033), Keep Our PACT Act (H.R. 2315/S. 1172), Keeping All Students Safe Act (H.R. 8782/S. 4924), Learning Opportunity and Achievement Act (no bill #), Making Education Affordable and Accessible Act (S. 718/H.R. 3891), Mental Health Services for Students Act (H.R. 1109/S. 1122), National Assistant Principals Week resolutions (H. Res. 318/S. Res. 149), National Middle Level Education Month resolution (H. Res. 260), Preparing and Retaining Education Professionals Act (S. 752), Promoting Readiness in Education to Prevent Additional Remediation and Expense (PREPARE) Act (S. 1516), Protecting Our Students in Schools Act (H.R. 8460/S. 4936), Protecting Student Athletes from Concussions Act (S. 2600/H.R. 5611), Public Schools Week resolutions (H. Res. 254/S. Res. 126), Rebuild Americas Schools Act (H.R. 865/S. 266), Recruiting and Retaining Effective School Leaders Act (no bill #), Safe Schools Improvement Act (H.R. 2653/S. 2548), Save the Education Jobs Act (H.R. 8691), School Shooting Safety and Preparedness Act (H.R. 4301), SOAR Permanent Authorization Act (S. 2682), Suicide & Threat Assessment Nationally Dedicated to Universal Prevention (STANDUP) Act (S. 2492), Streamlining Energy Efficiency for Schools Act (H.R. 762/S. 253), Strength in Diversity Act (H.R. 2639/S. 1418), Success in the Middle Act (H.R. 3089/S. 1704), Summer Meals and Learning Act (H.R. 3667/S. 2070), Teachers are Leaders Act (S. 235/H.R. 3108), Trauma Informed Schools Act (H.R. 4146), What Can You Do For Your Country Act (H.R. 2441/S. 1205); 21st Century STEM for Girls and Underrepresented Minorities Act (H.R. 1591/S. 1299); Supporting Children with Disabilities During COVID-19 Act (H.R. 8523/S. 4100); and No Name Calling Week resolution (H. Con. Res. 4); Titles I, II, and IV of ESSA; Comprehensive Literacy State Development Grants; School Leader Recruitment and Support program; Carl D. Perkins CTE program; private school vouchers; District of Columbia private school voucher program; IDEA; HEA reauthorization; Public Service Loan Forgiveness; Teacher Quality Partnership Grants; Impact Aid; E-Rate; homework gap; transgender students; school climate and safety; community schools; school discipline guidance; educator diversity; National Teacher and Principal Survey; social & emotional learning; personal preparation under IDEA; school infrastructure; school funding on U.S. military installations (S. J. Res. 54); Title IX regulations on sexual harassment; Civil Rights Data Collection; bullying; Augustus F. Hawkins Centers of Excellence grant program; TEACH grant program; COVID-19; Education Stabilization Fund; demonstration grants for Indian Children and Youth Program; student loan debt cancellation; equitable services for private schools; arts education; Medicaid reimbursement for special education related services; student eligibility requirements for Higher Education Emergency Relief Fund; White House Office of Children and Youth; and student engagement in federal policymaking

H.R.865/S.266, Rebuild Americas Schools Act, Entirety Teacher loan forgiveness programs Community schools related issues TEACH (Teacher Education Assistance for College and Higher Education) Grant program related issues, generally Equitable services provisions of CARES Act, interim final rule and ED guidance Private school vouchers, micro-grants, or set-asides Student loan relief provisions generally, including debt cancellation Re-opening public schools and universities related issues and initiatives The Reopen Schools Safety Act H.R.2, Moving Forward Act of 2020, Public School infrastructure issues Children's Commission H.R.2639/S.1418, Strength in Diversity Act Lenders Offer Assistance Now (LOAN) Act H.R.7925/S.4480, Advanced Coursework Equity Act H.R.7887, Pandemic Child Hunger Prevention Act H.R.8468, Supporting Teachers with Residency Opportunities and New Grants (STRONG) Act H.R.8460, Protecting Our Students in Schools Act Allison R. Brown Building Just Schools for Children Act H.R.3112, For-Profit Fraud Act H.R.3369, Defending All Veterans In Education Act H.R.3179/S.1775: Protecting Our Students and Taxpayers Act H.R.3662, Relief for Defrauded Students Act H.R.4206, Student and Taxpayer Protection Act H.R.3487, Protections and Regulation for Our (PRO) Students Act H.R.3512/S.867, Preventing Risky Operations from Threatening the Education and Career Trajectories (PROTECT) Students Act Monitor the following: Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Improvements and generally Borrower defense rule issues PSLF Administrative Improvements Act, Entirety H.R.6363 Student Debt Emergency Relief Act S. 3745, Coronavirus Emergency Borrower Defense Act HR 7294, COVID-19 Perkins Loan Relief Act H.R.1878/S.866, the IDEA Full Funding Act H.R.787/S.213, the SOAR Reauthorization Act H.R.2441/S.1203, the What You Can Do for Your Country Act, Entirety Student Loan Servicing Reform and Consumer Protection related issues Department of Education, Title IX Public Law 116-113, Recognizing Achievement in Classified School Employees Act, Implementation Teacher Workforce related issues H.R.1364/S.568, Child Care for Working Families Act H.R.2315/S.1172, Keep Our Promise to America's Children and Teachers (PACT) Act Keeping All Students Safe Act, Entirety Income Share Agreements, generally H.R.5984, COAT Act H.R.6106/S.3405, DIPLOMA Act, Entirety H.R.2574, the Equity and Inclusion Enforcement Act HR 6902, Black History is American History, entirety Lenders Offer Assistance Now (LOAN) Act HR 1043/S.460 - Employer Participation in Repayment Act of 2019 HR 6825, Teacher Loan Forgiveness Improvement Act of 2020

Advanced Coursework Equity Act (S. 4480); Anti-Lunch Shaming Act (H.R. 2311/S. 1119), Behavioral Intervention Guidelines Act (H.R. 3539), Child Care for Working Families Act (H.R. 1364/S. 568), Classrooms Reflecting Communities Act (S. 2887), Coronavirus Child Care and Education Relief Act (S. 4112), Dannys Law (H.R. 3659) Diversifying by Investing in Educators and Students to Improve Outcomes for Youth (DIVERSIFY) Act (H.R. 5350/S. 3158), Educating for Democracy Act (H.R. 8925); Educator Preparation Reform Act (S. 969), Elementary and Secondary School Counseling Act (H.R. 4381/S. 2499), Ending Corporal Punishment in Schools Act (H.R. 727), Enhancing K-12 Cybersecurity Act (no bill #); Expanding Access to the Workforce Through Dual Enrollment Act (H.R. 653), Fast Track to and Through College Act (S. 2736), IDEA Full Funding Act (H.R. 1878/S. 866), Inspiring New STEM Professionals by Investing in Renovation of Education Spaces (INSPIRES) Act (S. 3397/H.R. 6109), Jumpstart on College Act (H.R. 4108/S. 2395), K-12 Cybersecurity Act (S. 3033), Keep Our PACT Act (H.R. 2315/S. 1172), Learning Opportunity and Achievement Act (no bill #), Making Education Affordable and Accessible Act (S. 718/H.R. 3891), Mental Health Services for Students Act (H.R. 1109/S. 1122), National Assistant Principals Week resolutions (H. Res. 318/S. Res. 149), National Middle Level Education Month resolution (H. Res. 260), Preparing and Retaining Education Professionals Act (S. 752), Promoting Readiness in Education to Prevent Additional Remediation and Expense (PREPARE) Act (S. 1516), Protecting Our Students in Schools Act (H.R. 8460), Protecting Student Athletes from Concussions Act (S. 2600/H.R. 5611), Public Schools Week resolutions (H. Res. 254/S. Res. 126), Rebuild Americas Schools Act (H.R. 865/S. 266), Recruiting and Retaining Effective School Leaders Act (no bill #), Safe Schools Improvement Act (H.R. 2653/S. 2548), Save the Education Jobs Act (no bill #), School Shooting Safety and Preparedness Act (H.R. 4301), SOAR Permanent Authorization Act (S. 2682), Suicide & Threat Assessment Nationally Dedicated to Universal Prevention (STANDUP) Act (S. 2492), Streamlining Energy Efficiency for Schools Act (H.R. 762/S. 253), Strength in Diversity Act (H.R. 2639/S. 1418), Success in the Middle Act (H.R. 3089/S. 1704), Summer Meals and Learning Act (H.R. 3667/S. 2070), Teachers are Leaders Act (S. 235/H.R. 3108), Trauma Informed Schools Act (H.R. 4146), What Can You Do For Your Country Act (H.R. 2441/S. 1205); 21st Century STEM for Girls and Underrepresented Minorities Act (H.R. 1591/S. 1299); and Supporting Children with Disabilities During COVID-19 Act (H.R. 8523/S. 4100); Titles I, II, and IV of ESSA; Comprehensive Literacy State Development Grants; School Leader Recruitment and Support program; Carl D. Perkins CTE program; private school vouchers; District of Columbia private school voucher program; IDEA; HEA reauthorization; Public Service Loan Forgiveness; Teacher Quality Partnership Grants; Impact Aid; E-Rate; homework gap; transgender students; school climate and safety; community schools; school discipline guidance; educator diversity; National Teacher and Principal Survey; social & emotional learning; personal preparation under IDEA; school infrastructure; school funding on U.S. military installations (S. J. Res. 54); Title IX regulations on sexual harassment; Civil Rights Data Collection; bullying; Augustus F. Hawkins Centers of Excellence grant program; TEACH grant program; COVID-19; Education Stabilization Fund; demonstration grants for Indian Children and Youth Program; student loan debt cancellation; equitable services for private schools; arts education; Medicaid reimbursement for special education related services; and student eligibility requirements for Higher Education Emergency Relief Fund

The Affordable Care Act (P.L. 111-148, P.L. 111-152): Expanding coverage and improving Medicare benefits; Providing needed protections to guard against insurance practices that unfairly limit, deny or rescind coverage based on health status; public and private health insurers should encourage preventive health care by providing full coverage, with no cost-sharing, for preventive services recommended by an expert advisory group, such as the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force; Ensuring access to primary care physicians; and beginning to bend the cost curve; Prohibiting insurers from excluding or charging excessive rates to children based on pre-existing conditions, which later will be expanded to all persons; Covering young adults on their parents' plans; Eliminating lifetime and annual limits on health insurance coverage; Requiring that health insurers spend more on patient care and less on administration; support enactment of S. 248, the Empowering States to Innovate Act, which amends the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) to: (1) allow states to apply for waivers of certain health insurance coverage requirements in such Act (including requirements for the establishment of qualified health plans and health insurance exchanges) for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2014 (currently, January 1, 2017), and (2) require the waiver application process to begin not later than 180 days after the enactment of this Act; Phasing out the Medicare Part D doughnut hole; Eliminating patient cost-sharing for preventive services offered by Medicare or private insurers; Increasing Medicare and Medicaid payments to primary care physicians; Supporting the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to help physicians and patients make care decisions based on the best available evidence; Supporting the Center on Medicare and Medicaid Innovation to fund pilots of delivery models to improve outcomes and reduce costs, including patient-centered medical homes; Advocated against a December 2018 ruling by a federal judge in Texas that the entire Affordable Care Act (ACA) is unconstitutional. Access to Primary Care in the Context of Comprehensive Healthcare Reform Legislation (H.R. 3962/H.R. 3590/H.R. 4872): Provide sliding scale subsidies based on income to buy coverage from qualified plans; Qualified plans should: provide evidence-based benefits, including preventive services; and be prohibited from excluding persons with pre-existing conditions, charging them more, cherry-picking enrollees, or cancelling or failing to renew coverage; Expand Medicaid to cover all persons below the Federal Poverty Level and ensure fair payments to participating physicians; As coverage becomes affordable, all persons should participate and coverage should be guaranteed; Responsibility for financing should be shared by individuals, employers and government. Pilot test Medicare payment models that re-align incentives to support effective, efficient, patient-centered, coordinated care. Priority should be given to models designed to support the value of services provided by primary care physicians as well as to models that would create incentives, across physician specialties and sites of services, to improve the quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of care provided. Policy criteria for selecting the most promising models for pilot testing should be developed, in consultation with outside experts; The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH), which has shown great promise in meeting the policy objectives suggested above, should be among the models selected for broader testing on a national pilot basis; the use of the medical home model for treatment or services under private health plans, the requirement of health plans to provide incentives to promote and report on medical home services provided, the establishment of community health teams and a primary care extension program to educate and support primary care practices in the delivery of medical home services, and the establishment of a demonstration project to educate physicians and other clinicians in training in the competencies required to deliver care consistent with the medical home care model. Medicare Payments to Physicians: Urged that Congress provide incentives to physicians who transform their practices into Advanced Alternative Payment Models and continue to provide stability for physicians in the MIPS program. Specifically, Congress should extend the five percent Qualified Alternative Payment Model participant bonus beyond the 2022 performance year, replace the zero percent baseline payment updates under Medicare, to take effect in 2020, with positive updates. Urged congressional committees with jurisdiction over Medicare to exercise their oversight authority and urge CMS to expedite approval of more Advanced APMS, particularly those that work for small and specialty practices and to simplify the scoring structure and reporting requirements under the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) in order to fulfill Congress intent of a more streamlined program that reduces burdens on physicians; Supported S.2648, the Rural ACO Improvement Act, amends title XVIII of the Social Security Act to improve the benchmarking process for the Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) to ensure that all ACOs have an equal opportunity to share in savings regardless of their geographic location; Provided recommendations to CMS on the Merit-based Incentive Payment System Value Pathway (MVP), which aims to reduce reporting burden and complexity within MIPS while improving the accuracy and effectiveness of performance measurement. The College noted specifically that a robust, multi-year transition period will be critical to the success of the MVP, that it does not support making the MVP mandatory, that CMS should continue to support numerous reporting mechanisms, including qualified registries and clinical data registries, which have been instrumental in developing specialty-specific performance measures, among other things. Administrative Tasks on Physicians and Patients: Congress should accelerate its efforts to reduce administrative burdens on clinicians and patients, including: streamlining the prior authorization process, better integrating clinical data into clinicians electronic health records (EHRs), and working with CMS in their effort to overhaul clinical documentation guidelines; Urged Congress to cosponsor and pass the Safe Step Act (H.R. 2279), to require health insurers to provide an exceptions process for any medication step therapy protocol based on clinical decision-making, medical necessity, and other patient needs. Prescription Drug Costs: The College advocated for greater transparency in drug pricing, the elimination of anti-competitive industry practices that create barriers to generics coming to market, the importance of accounting for value in payment and coverage for prescriptions, and providing authority to the federal government to negotiate drug discounts under the Medicare Part D program. Specifically, the College urged Congress to pass the Medicare Prescription Drug Price Negotiation Act of 2019 (H.R. 275/S. 62), which allows the Secretary of Health and Human Services to negotiate covered Part D drug prices on behalf of Medicare beneficiaries, and the Creating and Restoring Equal Access to Equivalent Samples (CREATES) Act of 2019, (H.R. 965/S. 340), which would improve patient access to alternative low-cost prescription drugs and biological products by preventing prescription drug manufacturers from misusing the FDAs Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) process to make it difficult for competing generics to be brought to the market. Also urged that Congress pass the Reforming Evergreening and Manipulation that Extends Drug Years, REMEDY Act (S. 1209), to aid in the approval of more generic drug applications by the FDA and therefore improve patient access to those medications. Also urged that Congress pass the Prescription Drug STAR Act (H.R. 2113), and the Fair Accountability and Innovative Research (FAIR) Drug Pricing Act (H.R. 2296/S. 1391), to promote greater drug pricing transparency; Expressed appreciation to the House speaker for introduction of H.R. 3, the Lower Drug Costs Now Act, noting encouragement for its provisions to empower the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to negotiate with drug companies for lower prices and to cap out-of-pocket costs for seniors enrolled in the Medicare Part D program. Commented to the FDA on its prescription drug reimportation proposed rule noting that while the College is generally supportive of drug importation as laid out in the proposed rule as a means to control the cost of prescription drugs, the FDA must guarantee that the design and implementation of the rule includes numerous measures and safeguards to ensure patient safety. By limiting the origin of imported drugs to Canadian-certified and FDA-approved and registered drugs and entities, the College believes the proposed rule meets the required U.S. standards to assure high-quality drugs and patient safety. Any final drug importation system must also be one that is a closed system and has a tightly controlled and documented supply chain to assure authenticity and avoid degradation of the drug. Workforce, Medical and Health Services Research, Public Health Initiatives: Congress should ensure funding in FY 2021 for federal programs/initiatives designed to support primary care including Title VII Health Professions grants and the National Health Service Corps (NHSC). Equally important is the need to fund essential health services and medical research by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and public health programs supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Firearms-Related Injury and Death: The College advocated for lawmakers to pass measures to strengthen the criminal background check system, ban assault weapons and high capacity magazines, prevent the unlawful transfer of firearms to those who cannot legally purchase them, and remove restrictions on, and provide dedicated funding for, research by federal agencies on prevention of firearms-related injuries and death. Specifically, the College urged passage of the Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019 (H.R. 8), which would strengthen the accuracy and reporting of the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) as well as expand Brady background checks to cover all firearm sales, including unlicensed firearms sellers currently not required to use background checks, and the Gun Violence Prevention Research Act (H.R. 674/S. 184), which would authorize funding for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to study firearms safety and gun violence prevention. Also urged Congress to pass the Violence Against Women (VAWA) Reauthorization Act of 2019 (H.R. 1585), to provide protections for domestic violence victims by restricting access to firearms by those deemed a threat to them. Also urged Congress to pass the Assault Weapons Ban of 2019 (S. 66/H.R. 1296), to ban the sale of semi-automatic weapons and high capacity magazines. Immigration: The College advocated against family separation at the U.S. border. Specifically, the College urged support for H.R. 541 - the Keep Families Together Act, which would help ensure that children are not separated from their parents when families unlawfully cross over the border into the United States and would ensure that the Department of Homeland Security would not be able to implement the zero tolerance policy that separated families at the border last summer; urged congressional oversight of family separation policies. Also urged that Congress pass H.R. 6, the Dream and Promise Act of 2019, which would provide a pathway to U.S. citizenship for undocumented children who came to the United States due to the action of their parents, also known as Dreamers. Expressed concern to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security with the recent U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) policy change to no longer accept or adjudicate non-military deferred action requests including those for individuals with serious medical conditions; Urged USCIS to reverse this decision immediately and resume consideration of deferred action requests for medical reasons; Advocated with regard to a complaint filed with the Department of Homeland Security Office of the Inspector General (OIG) on September 14, 2020 concerning Lack of Medical Care, Unsafe Work Practices, and Absence of Adequate Protection Against COVID-19 for Detained Immigrants and Employees Alike at the Irwin County Detention Center. The concerns raised in the complaint, if substantiated, would represent an alarming violation of patient autonomy and ethical standards governing informed consent, appropriate access to health care and appropriate protection against COVID-19, causing great harm. The College urged an immediate internal investigation followed by swift and decisive corrective action as warranted should the complaint be substantiated. Graduate Medical Education: Urged that Congress support medical education training and debt relief for primary care physicians and other specialties facing shortages by passing the Resident Physician Shortage Reduction Act of 2019 (S. 348, H.R. 1763), to lift the GME caps as needed to permit training an adequate number of primary care physicians, including internal medicine specialists, and physicians in other specialties facing shortages; passing the Resident Education Deferred Interest Act (H.R. 1554), to save physicians in residency programs thousands of dollars in interest on their loans and help incentivize the opening of practices in underserved areas; pass legislation to combine DGME and IME into a single, more functional payment program, and broaden the GME financing structure to include all payers; support funding for GME/IME and programs within the Veterans Health Administration that provide graduate medical education to ensure that physicians are adequately trained with the skills needed to treat an aging population. Urged Congress to pass the Opioid Workforce Act of 2019 (H.R. 3414), which would provide Medicare support for an additional 1,000 graduate medical education (GME) positions over five years in hospitals that have, or are in the process of establishing, accredited residency programs in addiction medicine, addiction psychiatry, or pain medicine. Urged Congress to pass S. 1203 and H.R. 2441, the What You Can Do For Your Country Act, which would improve and reform the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Program. Vaccines: Urged Congress to pass the Vaccines Act (HR 2862), which would provide federal funding for vaccine hesitancy surveillance at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and outline a national public messaging campaign informed by this research to help improve vaccination rates; Supported H.R. 592, recognizing the anniversary of the eradication of smallpox and the importance of vaccination in the United States and worldwide; Urged the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to reconsider its decision to not vaccinate families in the custody of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) against influenza (flu). Urged Congress to support payments for vaccines, as finalized by CMS, and set for implementation on Jan. 1, 2021. Surprise Medical Billing: Urged Congress to pass legislation that would protect patients from surprise out-of-network medical bills in both emergency and non-emergency settings that includes the following principles: hold patients harmless from surprise medical bills for out-of-network services, address narrow insurance networks, abandon efforts to establish an in-network median rate for services in these settings and instead opt for an independent dispute resolution process to determine payment. Appropriations: Urged Congress to fund Title VII, Section 747, Primary Care Training and Enhancement (PCTE) at $71 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) at $460 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) at $830 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Title X Family Planning Program at $400 million for fiscal year 2021 and include language to remove barriers to care that interfere with the patient-physician relationship; Fund Research on Prevention of Firearms-related Injuries and Deaths at $50 million for Fiscal Year 2021; Fund the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at $44.7 billion for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at $8.3 billion for fiscal year 2021; Urged the House and Senate Armed Services Committees to support provisions in any final FY2021 National Defense Authorization Act to prevent cuts to the Military Health Service and the military medical workforce without requiring appropriate congressional oversight and review. Physician Fee Schedule: Commented to CMS and to Congress to fully implement payment increases for all evaluation and management codes, as finalized by CMS, and as scheduled for implementation on Jan. 1, 2021. Reduce the documentation burden for E/M services by allowing choice of medical decision making or time, and work to develop additional clarity and guidance on acceptable documentation to operationalize these important proposals; examination room desktop computers should be counted as a direct medical equipment cost; care management should be promoted by increasing the values of services like Transitional Care Management (TCM) and Chronic Care Management and implementing Principle Care Management (PCM) codes; require additional survey and review for any requests to increase non-outpatient E/M or other services; work with the physician community prior to finalizing any policy affecting eligibility to participate in the Medicare program; Urged congressional committees of jurisdiction to support: Higher physician work relative value units (RVUs) for new and established office visit codes, leading to increased payments for them, Reduced documentation requirements for office visit codes, which enables physicians to select and document for each visit based on medical decision-making or total time, Expanded and improved payment for care management services. Urged Congress to support waiving budget neutrality, applicable to the calendar year 2021 physician fee schedule. COVID-19: Urged congressional appropriators to provide the highest possible funding level for research, prevention, control, and treatment of illnesses associated with the virus that is commensurate with the public health emergency that the virus represents. Urged the administration to explore regulatory and other actions that would make COVID-19 testing free-of-charge to patients covered by both public and private insurance plans, including ACA-compliant plans offered through the insurance exchanges, and to waive co-pays and deductibles for patients seeing physicians for symptoms that may be indicative of COVID-19 or who are hospitalized for treatment. Urged CMS to utilize a national disaster recovery program that would pay doctors 110% of Medicare rates for caring for uninsured patients who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Expressed support to Congress and the administration for the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, H.R. 6201, and other stimulus reforms related to COVID-19 including: Emergency paid leave benefits, paid sick days for public health emergencies, coverage of testing for COVID-19, waiving of cost sharing under Medicare, Medicare Advantage, Medicaid, and CHIP, increasing the federal FMAP under Medicaid, providing reimbursement for CPT codes 99441 - 99443, which are telephone evaluation and management services, expediting entrance of international medical graduates who are citizens of other nations (non-US IMGs) into the country and ensuring that lawfully present non-U.S. IMGs are not negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, funding for physician practices under the Public Health and Social Service Emergency Fund (PHSSEF), providing tax relief, grants, and loans to small and medium size practices impacted by COVID-19, increasing funding for personal protective equipment (PPE), ensuring Medicaid pay parity with Medicare for primary care services; Urged HHS and Congress to make a targeted allocation out of the Provider Relief Fund (PRF) to support primary care physicians and their practices, sufficient to keep their doors open, by offsetting lost revenue from the COVID-19 pandemic, similar to the targeted allocation for rural hospitals; Urged support for the Student Loan Forgiveness for Frontline Health Workers Act, H.R. 6720, introduced May 5, 2020 by Representative Carolyn B. Maloney (D-NY) which would eliminate graduate school debt for healthcare workers, including physicians and medical students, who are providing direct patient care in response to the COVID-19 pandemic; Urged support for H.R. 7059, the Coronavirus Provider Protection Act, which extend liability protections to those who provide care in good faith during the COVID-19 public health emergency (plus a reasonable time, such as 60 days, after the emergency declaration ends), and not in situations of gross negligence or willful misconduct. The College also urged that pay parity between telephone claims and in-person visits and between all telehealth and in-person visits be maintained after the PHE is lifted. This extension-either continued by CMS or mandated by Congress-should last at least through the end of 2021, or until such a time when effective vaccines and treatments are widely available, with an option to extend it even further, or consider making permanent, based on the experience and learnings of patients and physicians who are utilizing these visits. Urged Congress to support a targeted allocation from the Provider Relief Fund specifically for primary care services. Health IT and Telehealth: Urged that physicians be able to easily access accurate and reliable COVID-19 testing results from the various testing sites and labs. These results must contain the appropriate flags for review and should be received in standard formats, ideally within physicians existing health IT systems. The current eCase reporting to public health agencies process is time-consuming and duplicative, and EHR functionality to do eCase reporting varies widely across vendors and state public health departments. HHS should take a leadership role in making sure these programs and health IT standards projects are adopted and implemented consistently across the country. Ensure federally qualified health centers and rural health clinics can furnish telehealth services after the public health emergency.

The Affordable Care Act (P.L. 111-148, P.L. 111-152): Expanding coverage and improving Medicare benefits; Providing needed protections to guard against insurance practices that unfairly limit, deny or rescind coverage based on health status; public and private health insurers should encourage preventive health care by providing full coverage, with no cost-sharing, for preventive services recommended by an expert advisory group, such as the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force; Ensuring access to primary care physicians; and beginning to bend the cost curve; Prohibiting insurers from excluding or charging excessive rates to children based on pre-existing conditions, which later will be expanded to all persons; Covering young adults on their parents' plans; Eliminating lifetime and annual limits on health insurance coverage; Requiring that health insurers spend more on patient care and less on administration; support enactment of S. 248, the Empowering States to Innovate Act, which amends the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) to: (1) allow states to apply for waivers of certain health insurance coverage requirements in such Act (including requirements for the establishment of qualified health plans and health insurance exchanges) for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2014 (currently, January 1, 2017), and (2) require the waiver application process to begin not later than 180 days after the enactment of this Act; Phasing out the Medicare Part D doughnut hole; Eliminating patient cost-sharing for preventive services offered by Medicare or private insurers; Increasing Medicare and Medicaid payments to primary care physicians; Supporting the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to help physicians and patients make care decisions based on the best available evidence; Supporting the Center on Medicare and Medicaid Innovation to fund pilots of delivery models to improve outcomes and reduce costs, including patient-centered medical homes; Advocated against a December 2018 ruling by a federal judge in Texas that the entire Affordable Care Act (ACA) is unconstitutional. Access to Primary Care in the Context of Comprehensive Healthcare Reform Legislation (H.R. 3962/H.R. 3590/H.R. 4872): Provide sliding scale subsidies based on income to buy coverage from qualified plans; Qualified plans should: provide evidence-based benefits, including preventive services; and be prohibited from excluding persons with pre-existing conditions, charging them more, cherry-picking enrollees, or cancelling or failing to renew coverage; Expand Medicaid to cover all persons below the Federal Poverty Level and ensure fair payments to participating physicians; As coverage becomes affordable, all persons should participate and coverage should be guaranteed; Responsibility for financing should be shared by individuals, employers and government. Pilot test Medicare payment models that re-align incentives to support effective, efficient, patient-centered, coordinated care. Priority should be given to models designed to support the value of services provided by primary care physicians as well as to models that would create incentives, across physician specialties and sites of services, to improve the quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of care provided. Policy criteria for selecting the most promising models for pilot testing should be developed, in consultation with outside experts; The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH), which has shown great promise in meeting the policy objectives suggested above, should be among the models selected for broader testing on a national pilot basis; the use of the medical home model for treatment or services under private health plans, the requirement of health plans to provide incentives to promote and report on medical home services provided, the establishment of community health teams and a primary care extension program to educate and support primary care practices in the delivery of medical home services, and the establishment of a demonstration project to educate physicians and other clinicians in training in the competencies required to deliver care consistent with the medical home care model. Medicare Payments to Physicians: Urged that Congress provide incentives to physicians who transform their practices into Advanced Alternative Payment Models and continue to provide stability for physicians in the MIPS program. Specifically, Congress should extend the five percent Qualified Alternative Payment Model participant bonus beyond the 2022 performance year, replace the zero percent baseline payment updates under Medicare, to take effect in 2020, with positive updates. Urged congressional committees with jurisdiction over Medicare to exercise their oversight authority and urge CMS to expedite approval of more Advanced APMS, particularly those that work for small and specialty practices and to simplify the scoring structure and reporting requirements under the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) in order to fulfill Congress intent of a more streamlined program that reduces burdens on physicians; Supported S.2648, the Rural ACO Improvement Act, amends title XVIII of the Social Security Act to improve the benchmarking process for the Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) to ensure that all ACOs have an equal opportunity to share in savings regardless of their geographic location; Provided recommendations to CMS on the Merit-based Incentive Payment System Value Pathway (MVP), which aims to reduce reporting burden and complexity within MIPS while improving the accuracy and effectiveness of performance measurement. The College noted specifically that a robust, multi-year transition period will be critical to the success of the MVP, that it does not support making the MVP mandatory, that CMS should continue to support numerous reporting mechanisms, including qualified registries and clinical data registries, which have been instrumental in developing specialty-specific performance measures, among other things. Administrative Tasks on Physicians and Patients: Congress should accelerate its efforts to reduce administrative burdens on clinicians and patients, including: streamlining the prior authorization process, better integrating clinical data into clinicians electronic health records (EHRs), and working with CMS in their effort to overhaul clinical documentation guidelines; Urged Congress to cosponsor and pass the Safe Step Act (H.R. 2279), to require health insurers to provide an exceptions process for any medication step therapy protocol based on clinical decision-making, medical necessity, and other patient needs. Prescription Drug Costs: The College advocated for greater transparency in drug pricing, the elimination of anti-competitive industry practices that create barriers to generics coming to market, the importance of accounting for value in payment and coverage for prescriptions, and providing authority to the federal government to negotiate drug discounts under the Medicare Part D program. Specifically, the College urged Congress to pass the Medicare Prescription Drug Price Negotiation Act of 2019 (H.R. 275/S. 62), which allows the Secretary of Health and Human Services to negotiate covered Part D drug prices on behalf of Medicare beneficiaries, and the Creating and Restoring Equal Access to Equivalent Samples (CREATES) Act of 2019, (H.R. 965/S. 340), which would improve patient access to alternative low-cost prescription drugs and biological products by preventing prescription drug manufacturers from misusing the FDAs Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) process to make it difficult for competing generics to be brought to the market. Also urged that Congress pass the Reforming Evergreening and Manipulation that Extends Drug Years, REMEDY Act (S. 1209), to aid in the approval of more generic drug applications by the FDA and therefore improve patient access to those medications. Also urged that Congress pass the Prescription Drug STAR Act (H.R. 2113), and the Fair Accountability and Innovative Research (FAIR) Drug Pricing Act (H.R. 2296/S. 1391), to promote greater drug pricing transparency; Expressed appreciation to the House speaker for introduction of H.R. 3, the Lower Drug Costs Now Act, noting encouragement for its provisions to empower the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to negotiate with drug companies for lower prices and to cap out-of-pocket costs for seniors enrolled in the Medicare Part D program. Commented to the FDA on its prescription drug reimportation proposed rule noting that while the College is generally supportive of drug importation as laid out in the proposed rule as a means to control the cost of prescription drugs, the FDA must guarantee that the design and implementation of the rule includes numerous measures and safeguards to ensure patient safety. By limiting the origin of imported drugs to Canadian-certified and FDA-approved and registered drugs and entities, the College believes the proposed rule meets the required U.S. standards to assure high-quality drugs and patient safety. Any final drug importation system must also be one that is a closed system and has a tightly controlled and documented supply chain to assure authenticity and avoid degradation of the drug. Workforce, Medical and Health Services Research, Public Health Initiatives: Congress should ensure funding in FY 2021 for federal programs/initiatives designed to support primary care including Title VII Health Professions grants and the National Health Service Corps (NHSC). Equally important is the need to fund essential health services and medical research by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and public health programs supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Firearms-Related Injury and Death: The College advocated for lawmakers to pass measures to strengthen the criminal background check system, ban assault weapons and high capacity magazines, prevent the unlawful transfer of firearms to those who cannot legally purchase them, and remove restrictions on, and provide dedicated funding for, research by federal agencies on prevention of firearms-related injuries and death. Specifically, the College urged passage of the Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019 (H.R. 8), which would strengthen the accuracy and reporting of the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) as well as expand Brady background checks to cover all firearm sales, including unlicensed firearms sellers currently not required to use background checks, and the Gun Violence Prevention Research Act (H.R. 674/S. 184), which would authorize funding for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to study firearms safety and gun violence prevention. Also urged Congress to pass the Violence Against Women (VAWA) Reauthorization Act of 2019 (H.R. 1585), to provide protections for domestic violence victims by restricting access to firearms by those deemed a threat to them. Also urged Congress to pass the Assault Weapons Ban of 2019 (S. 66/H.R. 1296), to ban the sale of semi-automatic weapons and high capacity magazines. Immigration: The College advocated against family separation at the U.S. border. Specifically, the College urged support for H.R. 541 - the Keep Families Together Act, which would help ensure that children are not separated from their parents when families unlawfully cross over the border into the United States and would ensure that the Department of Homeland Security would not be able to implement the zero tolerance policy that separated families at the border last summer; urged congressional oversight of family separation policies. Also urged that Congress pass H.R. 6, the Dream and Promise Act of 2019, which would provide a pathway to U.S. citizenship for undocumented children who came to the United States due to the action of their parents, also known as Dreamers. Expressed concern to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security with the recent U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) policy change to no longer accept or adjudicate non-military deferred action requests including those for individuals with serious medical conditions; Urged USCIS to reverse this decision immediately and resume consideration of deferred action requests for medical reasons; Advocated with regard to a complaint filed with the Department of Homeland Security Office of the Inspector General (OIG) on September 14, 2020 concerning Lack of Medical Care, Unsafe Work Practices, and Absence of Adequate Protection Against COVID-19 for Detained Immigrants and Employees Alike at the Irwin County Detention Center. The concerns raised in the complaint, if substantiated, would represent an alarming violation of patient autonomy and ethical standards governing informed consent, appropriate access to health care and appropriate protection against COVID-19, causing great harm. The College urged an immediate internal investigation followed by swift and decisive corrective action as warranted should the complaint be substantiated. Graduate Medical Education: Urged that Congress support medical education training and debt relief for primary care physicians and other specialties facing shortages by passing the Resident Physician Shortage Reduction Act of 2019 (S. 348, H.R. 1763), to lift the GME caps as needed to permit training an adequate number of primary care physicians, including internal medicine specialists, and physicians in other specialties facing shortages; passing the Resident Education Deferred Interest Act (H.R. 1554), to save physicians in residency programs thousands of dollars in interest on their loans and help incentivize the opening of practices in underserved areas; pass legislation to combine DGME and IME into a single, more functional payment program, and broaden the GME financing structure to include all payers; support funding for GME/IME and programs within the Veterans Health Administration that provide graduate medical education to ensure that physicians are adequately trained with the skills needed to treat an aging population. Urged Congress to pass the Opioid Workforce Act of 2019 (H.R. 3414), which would provide Medicare support for an additional 1,000 graduate medical education (GME) positions over five years in hospitals that have, or are in the process of establishing, accredited residency programs in addiction medicine, addiction psychiatry, or pain medicine. Urged Congress to pass S. 1203 and H.R. 2441, the What You Can Do For Your Country Act, which would improve and reform the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Program. Vaccines: Urged Congress to pass the Vaccines Act (HR 2862), which would provide federal funding for vaccine hesitancy surveillance at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and outline a national public messaging campaign informed by this research to help improve vaccination rates; Supported H.R. 592, recognizing the anniversary of the eradication of smallpox and the importance of vaccination in the United States and worldwide; Urged the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to reconsider its decision to not vaccinate families in the custody of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) against influenza (flu). Urged Congress to support payments for vaccines, as finalized by CMS, and set for implementation on Jan. 1, 2021. Surprise Medical Billing: Urged Congress to pass legislation that would protect patients from surprise out-of-network medical bills in both emergency and non-emergency settings that includes the following principles: hold patients harmless from surprise medical bills for out-of-network services, address narrow insurance networks, abandon efforts to establish an in-network median rate for services in these settings and instead opt for an independent dispute resolution process to determine payment. Appropriations: Urged Congress to fund Title VII, Section 747, Primary Care Training and Enhancement (PCTE) at $71 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) at $460 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) at $830 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Title X Family Planning Program at $400 million for fiscal year 2021 and include language to remove barriers to care that interfere with the patient-physician relationship; Fund Research on Prevention of Firearms-related Injuries and Deaths at $50 million for Fiscal Year 2021; Fund the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at $44.7 billion for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at $8.3 billion for fiscal year 2021; Urged the House and Senate Armed Services Committees to support provisions in any final FY2021 National Defense Authorization Act to prevent cuts to the Military Health Service and the military medical workforce without requiring appropriate congressional oversight and review. Physician Fee Schedule: Commented to CMS and to Congress to fully implement payment increases for all evaluation and management codes, as finalized by CMS, and as scheduled for implementation on Jan. 1, 2021. Reduce the documentation burden for E/M services by allowing choice of medical decision making or time, and work to develop additional clarity and guidance on acceptable documentation to operationalize these important proposals; examination room desktop computers should be counted as a direct medical equipment cost; care management should be promoted by increasing the values of services like Transitional Care Management (TCM) and Chronic Care Management and implementing Principle Care Management (PCM) codes; require additional survey and review for any requests to increase non-outpatient E/M or other services; work with the physician community prior to finalizing any policy affecting eligibility to participate in the Medicare program; Urged congressional committees of jurisdiction to support: Higher physician work relative value units (RVUs) for new and established office visit codes, leading to increased payments for them, Reduced documentation requirements for office visit codes, which enables physicians to select and document for each visit based on medical decision-making or total time, Expanded and improved payment for care management services. Urged Congress to support waiving budget neutrality, applicable to the calendar year 2021 physician fee schedule. COVID-19: Urged congressional appropriators to provide the highest possible funding level for research, prevention, control, and treatment of illnesses associated with the virus that is commensurate with the public health emergency that the virus represents. Urged the administration to explore regulatory and other actions that would make COVID-19 testing free-of-charge to patients covered by both public and private insurance plans, including ACA-compliant plans offered through the insurance exchanges, and to waive co-pays and deductibles for patients seeing physicians for symptoms that may be indicative of COVID-19 or who are hospitalized for treatment. Urged CMS to utilize a national disaster recovery program that would pay doctors 110% of Medicare rates for caring for uninsured patients who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Expressed support to Congress and the administration for the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, H.R. 6201, and other stimulus reforms related to COVID-19 including: Emergency paid leave benefits, paid sick days for public health emergencies, coverage of testing for COVID-19, waiving of cost sharing under Medicare, Medicare Advantage, Medicaid, and CHIP, increasing the federal FMAP under Medicaid, providing reimbursement for CPT codes 99441 - 99443, which are telephone evaluation and management services, expediting entrance of international medical graduates who are citizens of other nations (non-US IMGs) into the country and ensuring that lawfully present non-U.S. IMGs are not negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, funding for physician practices under the Public Health and Social Service Emergency Fund (PHSSEF), providing tax relief, grants, and loans to small and medium size practices impacted by COVID-19, increasing funding for personal protective equipment (PPE), ensuring Medicaid pay parity with Medicare for primary care services; Urged HHS and Congress to make a targeted allocation out of the Provider Relief Fund (PRF) to support primary care physicians and their practices, sufficient to keep their doors open, by offsetting lost revenue from the COVID-19 pandemic, similar to the targeted allocation for rural hospitals; Urged support for the Student Loan Forgiveness for Frontline Health Workers Act, H.R. 6720, introduced May 5, 2020 by Representative Carolyn B. Maloney (D-NY) which would eliminate graduate school debt for healthcare workers, including physicians and medical students, who are providing direct patient care in response to the COVID-19 pandemic; Urged support for H.R. 7059, the Coronavirus Provider Protection Act, which extend liability protections to those who provide care in good faith during the COVID-19 public health emergency (plus a reasonable time, such as 60 days, after the emergency declaration ends), and not in situations of gross negligence or willful misconduct. The College also urged that pay parity between telephone claims and in-person visits and between all telehealth and in-person visits be maintained after the PHE is lifted. This extension-either continued by CMS or mandated by Congress-should last at least through the end of 2021, or until such a time when effective vaccines and treatments are widely available, with an option to extend it even further, or consider making permanent, based on the experience and learnings of patients and physicians who are utilizing these visits. Urged Congress to support a targeted allocation from the Provider Relief Fund specifically for primary care services. Health IT and Telehealth: Urged that physicians be able to easily access accurate and reliable COVID-19 testing results from the various testing sites and labs. These results must contain the appropriate flags for review and should be received in standard formats, ideally within physicians existing health IT systems. The current eCase reporting to public health agencies process is time-consuming and duplicative, and EHR functionality to do eCase reporting varies widely across vendors and state public health departments. HHS should take a leadership role in making sure these programs and health IT standards projects are adopted and implemented consistently across the country. Ensure federally qualified health centers and rural health clinics can furnish telehealth services after the public health emergency.

H.R.865/S.266, Rebuild Americas Schools Act, Entirety Teacher loan forgiveness programs Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Improvements and generally Community schools related issues S.J.Res.56/H.J.Res.76, A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under Chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Borrower Defense Institutional Accountability", Borrower defense rule issues PSLF Administrative Improvements Act, Entirety TEACH (Teacher Education Assistance for College and Higher Education) Grant program related issues, generally H.R.6363 Student Debt Emergency Relief Act HR 6902, Black History is American History, entirety Families Learning and Understanding English Together (FLUEnT) Act of 2020 Equitable services provisions of CARES Act, interim final rule and ED guidance Lenders Offer Assistance Now (LOAN) Act HR 1043/S.460 - Employer Participation in Repayment Act of 2019 Private school vouchers, micro-grants, or set-asides S. 3745, Coronavirus Emergency Borrower Defense Act Student loan relief provisions generally, including debt cancellation HR 6825, Teacher Loan Forgiveness Improvement Act of 2020 HR 7294, COVID-19 Perkins Loan Relief Act Re-opening public schools and universities related issues and initiatives The Reopen Schools Safety Act H.R.2, Moving Forward Act of 2020, Public School infrastructure issues H.R.1878/S.866, the IDEA Full Funding Act Monitor the following: H.R.787/S.213, the SOAR Reauthorization Act H.R.2441/S.1203, the What You Can Do for Your Country Act, Entirety Student Loan Servicing Reform and Consumer Protection related issues Department of Education, Title IX Public Law 116-113, Recognizing Achievement in Classified School Employees Act, Implementation Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act, Entirety H.R.4674, College Affordability Act, Entirety Teacher Preparation related issues Teacher shortages related issues Teacher diversity Teacher pay related issues Grow Your Own Program related issues H.R.1364/S.568, Child Care for Working Families Act H.R.2315/S.1172, Keep Our Promise to America's Children and Teachers (PACT) Act Keeping All Students Safe Act, Entirety Income Share Agreements, generally H.R.2639/S.1418, Strength in Diversity Act H.R.5984, COAT Act H.R.6106/S.3405, DIPLOMA Act, Entirety

Anti-Lunch Shaming Act (H.R. 2311/S. 1119), Behavioral Intervention Guidelines Act (H.R. 3539), Child Care for Working Families Act (H.R. 1364/S. 568), Classrooms Reflecting Communities Act (S. 2887), Coronavirus Child Care and Education Relief Act (S. 4112), Dannys Law (H.R. 3659) Diversifying by Investing in Educators and Students to Improve Outcomes for Youth (DIVERSIFY) Act (H.R. 5350/S. 3158), Educator Preparation Reform Act (S. 969), Elementary and Secondary School Counseling Act (H.R. 4381/S. 2499), Ending Corporal Punishment in Schools Act (H.R. 727), Expanding Access to the Workforce Through Dual Enrollment Act (H.R. 653), Fast Track to and Through College Act (S. 2736), IDEA Full Funding Act (H.R. 1878/S. 866), Inspiring New STEM Professionals by Investing in Renovation of Education Spaces (INSPIRES) Act (S. 3397/H.R. 6109), Jumpstart on College Act (H.R. 4108/S. 2395), K-12 Cybersecurity Act (S. 3033), Keep Our PACT Act (H.R. 2315/S. 1172), Making Education Affordable and Accessible Act (S. 718/H.R. 3891), Mental Health Services for Students Act (H.R. 1109/S. 1122), National Assistant Principals Week resolutions (H. Res. 318/S. Res. 149), National Middle Level Education Month resolution (H. Res. 260), Preparing and Retaining Education Professionals Act (S. 752), Promoting Readiness in Education to Prevent Additional Remediation and Expense (PREPARE) Act (S. 1516), Protecting Student Athletes from Concussions Act (S. 2600/H.R. 5611), Public Schools Week resolutions (H. Res. 254/S. Res. 126), Rebuild Americas Schools Act (H.R. 865/S. 266), Recruiting and Retaining Effective School Leaders Act (no bill #), Safe Schools Improvement Act (H.R. 2653/S. 2548), School Shooting Safety and Preparedness Act (H.R. 4301), SOAR Permanent Authorization Act (S. 2682), Suicide & Threat Assessment Nationally Dedicated to Universal Prevention (STANDUP) Act (S. 2492), Streamlining Energy Efficiency for Schools Act (H.R. 762/S. 253), Strength in Diversity Act (H.R. 2639/S. 1418), Success in the Middle Act (H.R. 3089/S. 1704), Summer Meals and Learning Act (H.R. 3667/S. 2070), Teachers are Leaders Act (S. 235/H.R. 3108), Trauma Informed Schools Act (H.R. 4146), What Can You Do For Your Country Act (H.R. 2441/S. 1205); and 21st Century STEM for Girls and Underrepresented Minorities Act (H.R. 1591/S. 1299); Titles I, II, and IV of ESSA; Comprehensive Literacy State Development Grants; School Leader Recruitment and Support program; Carl D. Perkins CTE program; private school vouchers; District of Columbia private school voucher program; IDEA; HEA reauthorization; Public Service Loan Forgiveness; Teacher Quality Partnership Grants; Impact Aid; E-Rate; homework gap; transgender students; school climate and safety; community schools; school discipline guidance; educator diversity; National Teacher and Principal Survey; social & emotional learning; Personal Preparation under IDEA; school infrastructure; school funding on U.S. military installations (S. J. Res. 54); Title IX regulations on sexual harassment; Civil Rights Data Collection; bullying; Augustus F. Hawkins Centers of Excellence grant program; TEACH grant program; COVID-19; Education Stabilization Fund; demonstration grants for Indian Children and Youth Program; student loan debt cancellation; equitable services for private schools; and arts education

The Affordable Care Act (P.L. 111-148, P.L. 111-152): Expanding coverage and improving Medicare benefits; Providing needed protections to guard against insurance practices that unfairly limit, deny or rescind coverage based on health status; public and private health insurers should encourage preventive health care by providing full coverage, with no cost-sharing, for preventive services recommended by an expert advisory group, such as the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force; Ensuring access to primary care physicians; and beginning to bend the cost curve; Prohibiting insurers from excluding or charging excessive rates to children based on pre-existing conditions, which later will be expanded to all persons; Covering young adults on their parents' plans; Eliminating lifetime and annual limits on health insurance coverage; Requiring that health insurers spend more on patient care and less on administration; support enactment of S. 248, the Empowering States to Innovate Act, which amends the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) to: (1) allow states to apply for waivers of certain health insurance coverage requirements in such Act (including requirements for the establishment of qualified health plans and health insurance exchanges) for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2014 (currently, January 1, 2017), and (2) require the waiver application process to begin not later than 180 days after the enactment of this Act; Phasing out the Medicare Part D doughnut hole; Eliminating patient cost-sharing for preventive services offered by Medicare or private insurers; Increasing Medicare and Medicaid payments to primary care physicians; Supporting the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to help physicians and patients make care decisions based on the best available evidence; Supporting the Center on Medicare and Medicaid Innovation to fund pilots of delivery models to improve outcomes and reduce costs, including patient-centered medical homes; Advocated against a December 2018 ruling by a federal judge in Texas that the entire Affordable Care Act (ACA) is unconstitutional. Access to Primary Care in the Context of Comprehensive Healthcare Reform Legislation (H.R. 3962/H.R. 3590/H.R. 4872): Provide sliding scale subsidies based on income to buy coverage from qualified plans; Qualified plans should: provide evidence-based benefits, including preventive services; and be prohibited from excluding persons with pre-existing conditions, charging them more, cherry-picking enrollees, or cancelling or failing to renew coverage; Expand Medicaid to cover all persons below the Federal Poverty Level and ensure fair payments to participating physicians; As coverage becomes affordable, all persons should participate and coverage should be guaranteed; Responsibility for financing should be shared by individuals, employers and government. Pilot test Medicare payment models that re-align incentives to support effective, efficient, patient-centered, coordinated care. Priority should be given to models designed to support the value of services provided by primary care physicians as well as to models that would create incentives, across physician specialties and sites of services, to improve the quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of care provided. Policy criteria for selecting the most promising models for pilot testing should be developed, in consultation with outside experts; The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH), which has shown great promise in meeting the policy objectives suggested above, should be among the models selected for broader testing on a national pilot basis; the use of the medical home model for treatment or services under private health plans, the requirement of health plans to provide incentives to promote and report on medical home services provided, the establishment of community health teams and a primary care extension program to educate and support primary care practices in the delivery of medical home services, and the establishment of a demonstration project to educate physicians and other clinicians in training in the competencies required to deliver care consistent with the medical home care model. Medicare Payments to Physicians: Urged that Congress provide incentives to physicians who transform their practices into Advanced Alternative Payment Models and continue to provide stability for physicians in the MIPS program. Specifically, Congress should extend the five percent Qualified Alternative Payment Model participant bonus beyond the 2022 performance year, replace the zero percent baseline payment updates under Medicare, to take effect in 2020, with positive updates. Urged congressional committees with jurisdiction over Medicare to exercise their oversight authority and urge CMS to expedite approval of more Advanced APMS, particularly those that work for small and specialty practices and to simplify the scoring structure and reporting requirements under the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) in order to fulfill Congress intent of a more streamlined program that reduces burdens on physicians; Supported S.2648, the Rural ACO Improvement Act, amends title XVIII of the Social Security Act to improve the benchmarking process for the Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) to ensure that all ACOs have an equal opportunity to share in savings regardless of their geographic location; Provided recommendations to CMS on the Merit-based Incentive Payment System Value Pathway (MVP), which aims to reduce reporting burden and complexity within MIPS while improving the accuracy and effectiveness of performance measurement. The College noted specifically that a robust, multi-year transition period will be critical to the success of the MVP, that it does not support making the MVP mandatory, that CMS should continue to support numerous reporting mechanisms, including qualified registries and clinical data registries, which have been instrumental in developing specialty-specific performance measures, among other things. Expand Coverage and Stabilizing the Insurance Market: Congress should work to help stabilize the individual health insurance market and expand coverage. Specifically, the College urged Congress to develop and introduce comprehensive market stabilization legislation that includes reinsurance options to help stabilize the markets; Expand cost-sharing assistance eligibility to purchase insurance in the exchanges as well as increase the level of premium tax credits and cost sharing subsidies offered to purchase a qualified health plan; Introduce legislation that would block the expansion of access to short-term health plans or Association Health Plans that allow insurers to charge more to individuals with pre-existing conditions and permit them to exclude from coverage essential medical care. Urged that Congress pass the Protecting Pre-existing Conditions and Making Health Care More Affordable Act of 2019 (H.R. 1884), which strengthens and expands tax credits; stops skimpy health plans that do not cover essential benefits and that discriminate against people with pre-existing conditions; and provides funding for reinsurance programs. Administrative Tasks on Physicians and Patients: Congress should accelerate its efforts to reduce administrative burdens on clinicians and patients, including: streamlining the prior authorization process, better integrating clinical data into clinicians electronic health records (EHRs), and working with CMS in their effort to overhaul clinical documentation guidelines; Urged Congress to cosponsor and pass the Safe Step Act (H.R. 2279), to require health insurers to provide an exceptions process for any medication step therapy protocol based on clinical decision-making, medical necessity, and other patient needs; Urged that the E/M documentation requirements in the FY2019 Physician Fee Schedule should be implemented immediately and not coupled with the E/M payment policy reforms planned for 2021. Prescription Drug Costs: The College advocated for greater transparency in drug pricing, the elimination of anti-competitive industry practices that create barriers to generics coming to market, the importance of accounting for value in payment and coverage for prescriptions, and providing authority to the federal government to negotiate drug discounts under the Medicare Part D program. Specifically, the College urged Congress to pass the Medicare Prescription Drug Price Negotiation Act of 2019 (H.R. 275/S. 62), which allows the Secretary of Health and Human Services to negotiate covered Part D drug prices on behalf of Medicare beneficiaries, and the Creating and Restoring Equal Access to Equivalent Samples (CREATES) Act of 2019, (H.R. 965/S. 340), which would improve patient access to alternative low-cost prescription drugs and biological products by preventing prescription drug manufacturers from misusing the FDAs Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) process to make it difficult for competing generics to be brought to the market. Also urged that Congress pass the Reforming Evergreening and Manipulation that Extends Drug Years, REMEDY Act (S. 1209), to aid in the approval of more generic drug applications by the FDA and therefore improve patient access to those medications. Also urged that Congress pass the Prescription Drug STAR Act (H.R. 2113), and the Fair Accountability and Innovative Research (FAIR) Drug Pricing Act (H.R. 2296/S. 1391), to promote greater drug pricing transparency; Expressed appreciation to the House speaker for introduction of H.R. 3, the Lower Drug Costs Now Act, noting encouragement for its provisions to empower the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to negotiate with drug companies for lower prices and to cap out-of-pocket costs for seniors enrolled in the Medicare Part D program. Commented to the FDA on its prescription drug reimportation proposed rule noting that while the College is generally supportive of drug importation as laid out in the proposed rule as a means to control the cost of prescription drugs, the FDA must guarantee that the design and implementation of the rule includes numerous measures and safeguards to ensure patient safety. By limiting the origin of imported drugs to Canadian-certified and FDA-approved and registered drugs and entities, the College believes the proposed rule meets the required U.S. standards to assure high-quality drugs and patient safety. Any final drug importation system must also be one that is a closed system and has a tightly controlled and documented supply chain to assure authenticity and avoid degradation of the drug. Workforce, Medical and Health Services Research, Public Health Initiatives: Congress should ensure funding in FY 2021 for federal programs/initiatives designed to support primary care including Title VII Health Professions grants and the National Health Service Corps (NHSC). Equally important is the need to fund essential health services and medical research by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and public health programs supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Firearms-Related Injury and Death: The College advocated for lawmakers to pass measures to strengthen the criminal background check system, ban assault weapons and high capacity magazines, prevent the unlawful transfer of firearms to those who cannot legally purchase them, and remove restrictions on, and provide dedicated funding for, research by federal agencies on prevention of firearms-related injuries and death. Specifically, the College urged passage of the Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019 (H.R. 8), which would strengthen the accuracy and reporting of the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) as well as expand Brady background checks to cover all firearm sales, including unlicensed firearms sellers currently not required to use background checks, and the Gun Violence Prevention Research Act (H.R. 674/S. 184), which would authorize funding for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to study firearms safety and gun violence prevention. Also urged Congress to pass the Violence Against Women (VAWA) Reauthorization Act of 2019 (H.R. 1585), to provide protections for domestic violence victims by restricting access to firearms by those deemed a threat to them. Also urged Congress to pass the Assault Weapons Ban of 2019 (S. 66/H.R. 1296), to ban the sale of semi-automatic weapons and high capacity magazines. Immigration: The College advocated against family separation at the U.S. border. Specifically, the College urged support for H.R. 541 - the Keep Families Together Act, which would help ensure that children are not separated from their parents when families unlawfully cross over the border into the United States and would ensure that the Department of Homeland Security would not be able to implement the zero tolerance policy that separated families at the border last summer; urged congressional oversight of family separation policies. Also urged that Congress pass H.R. 6, the Dream and Promise Act of 2019, which would provide a pathway to U.S. citizenship for undocumented children who came to the United States due to the action of their parents, also known as Dreamers. Expressed concern to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security with the recent U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) policy change to no longer accept or adjudicate non-military deferred action requests including those for individuals with serious medical conditions; Urged USCIS to reverse this decision immediately and resume consideration of deferred action requests for medical reasons. Graduate Medical Education: Urged that Congress support medical education training and debt relief for primary care physicians and other specialties facing shortages by passing the Resident Physician Shortage Reduction Act of 2019 (S. 348, H.R. 1763), to lift the GME caps as needed to permit training an adequate number of primary care physicians, including internal medicine specialists, and physicians in other specialties facing shortages; passing the Resident Education Deferred Interest Act (H.R. 1554), to save physicians in residency programs thousands of dollars in interest on their loans and help incentivize the opening of practices in underserved areas; pass legislation to combine DGME and IME into a single, more functional payment program, and broaden the GME financing structure to include all payers; support funding for GME/IME and programs within the Veterans Health Administration that provide graduate medical education to ensure that physicians are adequately trained with the skills needed to treat an aging population. Urged Congress to pass the Opioid Workforce Act of 2019 (H.R. 3414), which would provide Medicare support for an additional 1,000 graduate medical education (GME) positions over five years in hospitals that have, or are in the process of establishing, accredited residency programs in addiction medicine, addiction psychiatry, or pain medicine. Urged Congress to pass S. 1203 and H.R. 2441, the What You Can Do For Your Country Act, which would improve and reform the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Program. Vaccines: Urged Congress to pass the Vaccines Act (HR 2862), which would provide federal funding for vaccine hesitancy surveillance at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and outline a national public messaging campaign informed by this research to help improve vaccination rates; Supported H.R. 592, recognizing the anniversary of the eradication of smallpox and the importance of vaccination in the United States and worldwide; Urged the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to reconsider its decision to not vaccinate families in the custody of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) against influenza (flu). Surprise Medical Billing: Urged Congress to pass legislation that would protect patients from surprise out-of-network medical bills in both emergency and non-emergency settings that includes the following principles: hold patients harmless from surprise medical bills for out-of-network services, address narrow insurance networks, abandon efforts to establish an in-network median rate for services in these settings and instead opt for an independent dispute resolution process to determine payment. Appropriations: Urged Congress to fund Title VII, Section 747, Primary Care Training and Enhancement (PCTE) at $71 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) at $460 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) at $830 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Title X Family Planning Program at $400 million for fiscal year 2021 and include language to remove barriers to care that interfere with the patient-physician relationship; Fund Research on Prevention of Firearms-related Injuries and Deaths at $50 million for Fiscal Year 2021; Fund the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at $44.7 billion for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at $8.3 billion for fiscal year 2021. Physician Fee Schedule: Commented to CMS on its 2020 fee schedule final rule to: finalize E/M codes, current Procedural Terminology (CPT) guidelines, and RUC recommended values exactly as implemented by the CPT Editorial Panel and submitted by the RUC; finalize proposals to reduce the documentation burden for E/M services by allowing choice of medical decision making or time, and work to develop additional clarity and guidance on acceptable documentation to operationalize these important proposals; examination room desktop computers should be counted as a direct medical equipment cost; care management should be promoted by increasing the values of services like Transitional Care Management (TCM) and Chronic Care Management and implementing Principle Care Management (PCM) codes; require additional survey and review for any requests to increase non-outpatient E/M or other services; work with the physician community prior to finalizing any policy affecting eligibility to participate in the Medicare program; Urged congressional committees of jurisdiction to support: Higher physician work relative value units (RVUs) for new and established office visit codes, leading to increased payments for them, Reduced documentation requirements for office visit codes, which enables physicians to select and document for each visit based on medical decision-making or total time, Expanded and improved payment for care management services. COVID-19: Urged congressional appropriators to provide the highest possible funding level for research, prevention, control, and treatment of illnesses associated with the virus that is commensurate with the public health emergency that the virus represents. Urged the administration to explore regulatory and other actions that would make COVID-19 testing free-of-charge to patients covered by both public and private insurance plans, including ACA-compliant plans offered through the insurance exchanges, and to waive co-pays and deductibles for patients seeing physicians for symptoms that may be indicative of COVID-19 or who are hospitalized for treatment. Urged CMS to utilize a national disaster recovery program that would pay doctors 110% of Medicare rates for caring for uninsured patients who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Expressed support to Congress and the administration for the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, H.R. 6201, and other stimulus reforms related to COVID-19 including: Emergency paid leave benefits, paid sick days for public health emergencies, coverage of testing for COVID-19, waiving of cost sharing under Medicare, Medicare Advantage, Medicaid, and CHIP, increasing the federal FMAP under Medicaid, providing reimbursement for CPT codes 99441 - 99443, which are telephone evaluation and management services, expediting entrance of international medical graduates who are citizens of other nations (non-US IMGs) into the country and ensuring that lawfully present non-U.S. IMGs are not negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, funding for physician practices under the Public Health and Social Service Emergency Fund (PHSSEF), providing tax relief, grants, and loans to small and medium size practices impacted by COVID-19, increasing funding for personal protective equipment (PPE), ensuring Medicaid pay parity with Medicare for primary care services; Urged HHS and Congress to make a targeted allocation out of the Provider Relief Fund (PRF) to support primary care physicians and their practices, sufficient to keep their doors open, by offsetting lost revenue from the COVID-19 pandemic, similar to the targeted allocation for rural hospitals; Urged support for the Student Loan Forgiveness for Frontline Health Workers Act, H.R. 6720, introduced May 5, 2020 by Representative Carolyn B. Maloney (D-NY) which would eliminate graduate school debt for healthcare workers, including physicians and medical students, who are providing direct patient care in response to the COVID-19 pandemic; Urged support for H.R. 7059, the Coronavirus Provider Protection Act, which extend liability protections to those who provide care in good faith during the COVID-19 public health emergency (plus a reasonable time, such as 60 days, after the emergency declaration ends), and not in situations of gross negligence or willful misconduct. The College also urged that pay parity between telephone claims and in-person visits and between all telehealth and in-person visits be maintained after the PHE is lifted. This extension-either continued by CMS or mandated by Congress-should last at least through the end of 2021, or until such a time when effective vaccines and treatments are widely available, with an option to extend it even further, or consider making permanent, based on the experience and learnings of patients and physicians who are utilizing these visits. Health IT and Telehealth: Urged that physicians be able to easily access accurate and reliable COVID-19 testing results from the various testing sites and labs. These results must contain the appropriate flags for review and should be received in standard formats, ideally within physicians existing health IT systems. The current eCase reporting to public health agencies process is time-consuming and duplicative, and EHR functionality to do eCase reporting varies widely across vendors and state public health departments. HHS should take a leadership role in making sure these programs and health IT standards projects are adopted and implemented consistently across the country. Ensure federally qualified health centers and rural health clinics can furnish telehealth services after the public health emergency. Veterans Issues: Urged the Secretary of the VA to amend Directive 1899 as it relates to allowing non-physician healthcare professionals in 32 specialties to operate within the full scope of their license, registration, or certification and rescind the Memorandum as it relates to encouraging all VA medical facilities to allow CRNAs to practice without physician oversight during the national health emergency.

The Affordable Care Act (P.L. 111-148, P.L. 111-152): Expanding coverage and improving Medicare benefits; Providing needed protections to guard against insurance practices that unfairly limit, deny or rescind coverage based on health status; public and private health insurers should encourage preventive health care by providing full coverage, with no cost-sharing, for preventive services recommended by an expert advisory group, such as the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force; Ensuring access to primary care physicians; and beginning to bend the cost curve; Prohibiting insurers from excluding or charging excessive rates to children based on pre-existing conditions, which later will be expanded to all persons; Covering young adults on their parents' plans; Eliminating lifetime and annual limits on health insurance coverage; Requiring that health insurers spend more on patient care and less on administration; support enactment of S. 248, the Empowering States to Innovate Act, which amends the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) to: (1) allow states to apply for waivers of certain health insurance coverage requirements in such Act (including requirements for the establishment of qualified health plans and health insurance exchanges) for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2014 (currently, January 1, 2017), and (2) require the waiver application process to begin not later than 180 days after the enactment of this Act; Phasing out the Medicare Part D doughnut hole; Eliminating patient cost-sharing for preventive services offered by Medicare or private insurers; Increasing Medicare and Medicaid payments to primary care physicians; Supporting the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to help physicians and patients make care decisions based on the best available evidence; Supporting the Center on Medicare and Medicaid Innovation to fund pilots of delivery models to improve outcomes and reduce costs, including patient-centered medical homes; Advocated against a December 2018 ruling by a federal judge in Texas that the entire Affordable Care Act (ACA) is unconstitutional. Access to Primary Care in the Context of Comprehensive Healthcare Reform Legislation (H.R. 3962/H.R. 3590/H.R. 4872): Provide sliding scale subsidies based on income to buy coverage from qualified plans; Qualified plans should: provide evidence-based benefits, including preventive services; and be prohibited from excluding persons with pre-existing conditions, charging them more, cherry-picking enrollees, or cancelling or failing to renew coverage; Expand Medicaid to cover all persons below the Federal Poverty Level and ensure fair payments to participating physicians; As coverage becomes affordable, all persons should participate and coverage should be guaranteed; Responsibility for financing should be shared by individuals, employers and government. Pilot test Medicare payment models that re-align incentives to support effective, efficient, patient-centered, coordinated care. Priority should be given to models designed to support the value of services provided by primary care physicians as well as to models that would create incentives, across physician specialties and sites of services, to improve the quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of care provided. Policy criteria for selecting the most promising models for pilot testing should be developed, in consultation with outside experts; The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH), which has shown great promise in meeting the policy objectives suggested above, should be among the models selected for broader testing on a national pilot basis; the use of the medical home model for treatment or services under private health plans, the requirement of health plans to provide incentives to promote and report on medical home services provided, the establishment of community health teams and a primary care extension program to educate and support primary care practices in the delivery of medical home services, and the establishment of a demonstration project to educate physicians and other clinicians in training in the competencies required to deliver care consistent with the medical home care model. Medicare Payments to Physicians: Urged that Congress provide incentives to physicians who transform their practices into Advanced Alternative Payment Models and continue to provide stability for physicians in the MIPS program. Specifically, Congress should extend the five percent Qualified Alternative Payment Model participant bonus beyond the 2022 performance year, replace the zero percent baseline payment updates under Medicare, to take effect in 2020, with positive updates. Urged congressional committees with jurisdiction over Medicare to exercise their oversight authority and urge CMS to expedite approval of more Advanced APMS, particularly those that work for small and specialty practices and to simplify the scoring structure and reporting requirements under the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) in order to fulfill Congress intent of a more streamlined program that reduces burdens on physicians; Supported S.2648, the Rural ACO Improvement Act, amends title XVIII of the Social Security Act to improve the benchmarking process for the Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) to ensure that all ACOs have an equal opportunity to share in savings regardless of their geographic location; Provided recommendations to CMS on the Merit-based Incentive Payment System Value Pathway (MVP), which aims to reduce reporting burden and complexity within MIPS while improving the accuracy and effectiveness of performance measurement. The College noted specifically that a robust, multi-year transition period will be critical to the success of the MVP, that it does not support making the MVP mandatory, that CMS should continue to support numerous reporting mechanisms, including qualified registries and clinical data registries, which have been instrumental in developing specialty-specific performance measures, among other things. Expand Coverage and Stabilizing the Insurance Market: Congress should work to help stabilize the individual health insurance market and expand coverage. Specifically, the College urged Congress to develop and introduce comprehensive market stabilization legislation that includes reinsurance options to help stabilize the markets; Expand cost-sharing assistance eligibility to purchase insurance in the exchanges as well as increase the level of premium tax credits and cost sharing subsidies offered to purchase a qualified health plan; Introduce legislation that would block the expansion of access to short-term health plans or Association Health Plans that allow insurers to charge more to individuals with pre-existing conditions and permit them to exclude from coverage essential medical care. Urged that Congress pass the Protecting Pre-existing Conditions and Making Health Care More Affordable Act of 2019 (H.R. 1884), which strengthens and expands tax credits; stops skimpy health plans that do not cover essential benefits and that discriminate against people with pre-existing conditions; and provides funding for reinsurance programs. Administrative Tasks on Physicians and Patients: Congress should accelerate its efforts to reduce administrative burdens on clinicians and patients, including: streamlining the prior authorization process, better integrating clinical data into clinicians electronic health records (EHRs), and working with CMS in their effort to overhaul clinical documentation guidelines; Urged Congress to cosponsor and pass the Safe Step Act (H.R. 2279), to require health insurers to provide an exceptions process for any medication step therapy protocol based on clinical decision-making, medical necessity, and other patient needs; Urged that the E/M documentation requirements in the FY2019 Physician Fee Schedule should be implemented immediately and not coupled with the E/M payment policy reforms planned for 2021. Prescription Drug Costs: The College advocated for greater transparency in drug pricing, the elimination of anti-competitive industry practices that create barriers to generics coming to market, the importance of accounting for value in payment and coverage for prescriptions, and providing authority to the federal government to negotiate drug discounts under the Medicare Part D program. Specifically, the College urged Congress to pass the Medicare Prescription Drug Price Negotiation Act of 2019 (H.R. 275/S. 62), which allows the Secretary of Health and Human Services to negotiate covered Part D drug prices on behalf of Medicare beneficiaries, and the Creating and Restoring Equal Access to Equivalent Samples (CREATES) Act of 2019, (H.R. 965/S. 340), which would improve patient access to alternative low-cost prescription drugs and biological products by preventing prescription drug manufacturers from misusing the FDAs Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) process to make it difficult for competing generics to be brought to the market. Also urged that Congress pass the Reforming Evergreening and Manipulation that Extends Drug Years, REMEDY Act (S. 1209), to aid in the approval of more generic drug applications by the FDA and therefore improve patient access to those medications. Also urged that Congress pass the Prescription Drug STAR Act (H.R. 2113), and the Fair Accountability and Innovative Research (FAIR) Drug Pricing Act (H.R. 2296/S. 1391), to promote greater drug pricing transparency; Expressed appreciation to the House speaker for introduction of H.R. 3, the Lower Drug Costs Now Act, noting encouragement for its provisions to empower the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to negotiate with drug companies for lower prices and to cap out-of-pocket costs for seniors enrolled in the Medicare Part D program. Commented to the FDA on its prescription drug reimportation proposed rule noting that while the College is generally supportive of drug importation as laid out in the proposed rule as a means to control the cost of prescription drugs, the FDA must guarantee that the design and implementation of the rule includes numerous measures and safeguards to ensure patient safety. By limiting the origin of imported drugs to Canadian-certified and FDA-approved and registered drugs and entities, the College believes the proposed rule meets the required U.S. standards to assure high-quality drugs and patient safety. Any final drug importation system must also be one that is a closed system and has a tightly controlled and documented supply chain to assure authenticity and avoid degradation of the drug. Workforce, Medical and Health Services Research, Public Health Initiatives: Congress should ensure funding in FY 2021 for federal programs/initiatives designed to support primary care including Title VII Health Professions grants and the National Health Service Corps (NHSC). Equally important is the need to fund essential health services and medical research by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and public health programs supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Firearms-Related Injury and Death: The College advocated for lawmakers to pass measures to strengthen the criminal background check system, ban assault weapons and high capacity magazines, prevent the unlawful transfer of firearms to those who cannot legally purchase them, and remove restrictions on, and provide dedicated funding for, research by federal agencies on prevention of firearms-related injuries and death. Specifically, the College urged passage of the Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019 (H.R. 8), which would strengthen the accuracy and reporting of the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) as well as expand Brady background checks to cover all firearm sales, including unlicensed firearms sellers currently not required to use background checks, and the Gun Violence Prevention Research Act (H.R. 674/S. 184), which would authorize funding for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to study firearms safety and gun violence prevention. Also urged Congress to pass the Violence Against Women (VAWA) Reauthorization Act of 2019 (H.R. 1585), to provide protections for domestic violence victims by restricting access to firearms by those deemed a threat to them. Also urged Congress to pass the Assault Weapons Ban of 2019 (S. 66/H.R. 1296), to ban the sale of semi-automatic weapons and high capacity magazines. Immigration: The College advocated against family separation at the U.S. border. Specifically, the College urged support for H.R. 541 - the Keep Families Together Act, which would help ensure that children are not separated from their parents when families unlawfully cross over the border into the United States and would ensure that the Department of Homeland Security would not be able to implement the zero tolerance policy that separated families at the border last summer; urged congressional oversight of family separation policies. Also urged that Congress pass H.R. 6, the Dream and Promise Act of 2019, which would provide a pathway to U.S. citizenship for undocumented children who came to the United States due to the action of their parents, also known as Dreamers. Expressed concern to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security with the recent U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) policy change to no longer accept or adjudicate non-military deferred action requests including those for individuals with serious medical conditions; Urged USCIS to reverse this decision immediately and resume consideration of deferred action requests for medical reasons. Graduate Medical Education: Urged that Congress support medical education training and debt relief for primary care physicians and other specialties facing shortages by passing the Resident Physician Shortage Reduction Act of 2019 (S. 348, H.R. 1763), to lift the GME caps as needed to permit training an adequate number of primary care physicians, including internal medicine specialists, and physicians in other specialties facing shortages; passing the Resident Education Deferred Interest Act (H.R. 1554), to save physicians in residency programs thousands of dollars in interest on their loans and help incentivize the opening of practices in underserved areas; pass legislation to combine DGME and IME into a single, more functional payment program, and broaden the GME financing structure to include all payers; support funding for GME/IME and programs within the Veterans Health Administration that provide graduate medical education to ensure that physicians are adequately trained with the skills needed to treat an aging population. Urged Congress to pass the Opioid Workforce Act of 2019 (H.R. 3414), which would provide Medicare support for an additional 1,000 graduate medical education (GME) positions over five years in hospitals that have, or are in the process of establishing, accredited residency programs in addiction medicine, addiction psychiatry, or pain medicine. Urged Congress to pass S. 1203 and H.R. 2441, the What You Can Do For Your Country Act, which would improve and reform the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Program. Vaccines: Urged Congress to pass the Vaccines Act (HR 2862), which would provide federal funding for vaccine hesitancy surveillance at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and outline a national public messaging campaign informed by this research to help improve vaccination rates; Supported H.R. 592, recognizing the anniversary of the eradication of smallpox and the importance of vaccination in the United States and worldwide; Urged the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to reconsider its decision to not vaccinate families in the custody of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) against influenza (flu). Surprise Medical Billing: Urged Congress to pass legislation that would protect patients from surprise out-of-network medical bills in both emergency and non-emergency settings that includes the following principles: hold patients harmless from surprise medical bills for out-of-network services, address narrow insurance networks, abandon efforts to establish an in-network median rate for services in these settings and instead opt for an independent dispute resolution process to determine payment. Appropriations: Urged Congress to fund Title VII, Section 747, Primary Care Training and Enhancement (PCTE) at $71 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) at $460 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) at $830 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Title X Family Planning Program at $400 million for fiscal year 2021 and include language to remove barriers to care that interfere with the patient-physician relationship; Fund Research on Prevention of Firearms-related Injuries and Deaths at $50 million for Fiscal Year 2021; Fund the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at $44.7 billion for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at $8.3 billion for fiscal year 2021. Physician Fee Schedule: Commented to CMS on its 2020 fee schedule final rule to: finalize E/M codes, current Procedural Terminology (CPT) guidelines, and RUC recommended values exactly as implemented by the CPT Editorial Panel and submitted by the RUC; finalize proposals to reduce the documentation burden for E/M services by allowing choice of medical decision making or time, and work to develop additional clarity and guidance on acceptable documentation to operationalize these important proposals; examination room desktop computers should be counted as a direct medical equipment cost; care management should be promoted by increasing the values of services like Transitional Care Management (TCM) and Chronic Care Management and implementing Principle Care Management (PCM) codes; require additional survey and review for any requests to increase non-outpatient E/M or other services; work with the physician community prior to finalizing any policy affecting eligibility to participate in the Medicare program; Urged congressional committees of jurisdiction to support: Higher physician work relative value units (RVUs) for new and established office visit codes, leading to increased payments for them, Reduced documentation requirements for office visit codes, which enables physicians to select and document for each visit based on medical decision-making or total time, Expanded and improved payment for care management services. COVID-19: Urged congressional appropriators to provide the highest possible funding level for research, prevention, control, and treatment of illnesses associated with the virus that is commensurate with the public health emergency that the virus represents. Urged the administration to explore regulatory and other actions that would make COVID-19 testing free-of-charge to patients covered by both public and private insurance plans, including ACA-compliant plans offered through the insurance exchanges, and to waive co-pays and deductibles for patients seeing physicians for symptoms that may be indicative of COVID-19 or who are hospitalized for treatment. Urged CMS to utilize a national disaster recovery program that would pay doctors 110% of Medicare rates for caring for uninsured patients who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Expressed support to Congress and the administration for the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, H.R. 6201, and other stimulus reforms related to COVID-19 including: Emergency paid leave benefits, paid sick days for public health emergencies, coverage of testing for COVID-19, waiving of cost sharing under Medicare, Medicare Advantage, Medicaid, and CHIP, increasing the federal FMAP under Medicaid, providing reimbursement for CPT codes 99441 - 99443, which are telephone evaluation and management services, expediting entrance of international medical graduates who are citizens of other nations (non-US IMGs) into the country and ensuring that lawfully present non-U.S. IMGs are not negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, funding for physician practices under the Public Health and Social Service Emergency Fund (PHSSEF), providing tax relief, grants, and loans to small and medium size practices impacted by COVID-19, increasing funding for personal protective equipment (PPE), ensuring Medicaid pay parity with Medicare for primary care services; Urged HHS and Congress to make a targeted allocation out of the Provider Relief Fund (PRF) to support primary care physicians and their practices, sufficient to keep their doors open, by offsetting lost revenue from the COVID-19 pandemic, similar to the targeted allocation for rural hospitals; Urged support for the Student Loan Forgiveness for Frontline Health Workers Act, H.R. 6720, introduced May 5, 2020 by Representative Carolyn B. Maloney (D-NY) which would eliminate graduate school debt for healthcare workers, including physicians and medical students, who are providing direct patient care in response to the COVID-19 pandemic; Urged support for H.R. 7059, the Coronavirus Provider Protection Act, which extend liability protections to those who provide care in good faith during the COVID-19 public health emergency (plus a reasonable time, such as 60 days, after the emergency declaration ends), and not in situations of gross negligence or willful misconduct. The College also urged that pay parity between telephone claims and in-person visits and between all telehealth and in-person visits be maintained after the PHE is lifted. This extension-either continued by CMS or mandated by Congress-should last at least through the end of 2021, or until such a time when effective vaccines and treatments are widely available, with an option to extend it even further, or consider making permanent, based on the experience and learnings of patients and physicians who are utilizing these visits. Health IT and Telehealth: Urged that physicians be able to easily access accurate and reliable COVID-19 testing results from the various testing sites and labs. These results must contain the appropriate flags for review and should be received in standard formats, ideally within physicians existing health IT systems. The current eCase reporting to public health agencies process is time-consuming and duplicative, and EHR functionality to do eCase reporting varies widely across vendors and state public health departments. HHS should take a leadership role in making sure these programs and health IT standards projects are adopted and implemented consistently across the country. Ensure federally qualified health centers and rural health clinics can furnish telehealth services after the public health emergency. Veterans Issues: Urged the Secretary of the VA to amend Directive 1899 as it relates to allowing non-physician healthcare professionals in 32 specialties to operate within the full scope of their license, registration, or certification and rescind the Memorandum as it relates to encouraging all VA medical facilities to allow CRNAs to practice without physician oversight during the national health emergency.

Activity in support of preservation of the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program S.1203, H.R. 2441, the What You Can Do For Your Country Act - to strengthen and increase transparency behind administration of the federal Public Service Loan Forgiveness program. Higher Education Reauthorization-provisions related to student loans

Client expense: $160,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: Commerce, Dept of (DOC), Congressional Budget Office (CBO), Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), Education, Dept of, Federal Trade Commission (FTC), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS), Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Justice, Dept of (DOJ), Labor, Dept of (DOL), Legal Services Corporation, Office of Management & Budget (OMB), Office of Personnel Management (OPM), SENATE, State, Dept of (DOS), Treasury, Dept of, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), U.S. Trade Representative (USTR), Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA), White House Office

H.R.865/S.266, Rebuild Americas Schools Act, Entirety H.R.5722, BRAVE Act, Entirety Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act, Entirety H.R.4674, College Affordability Act, Entirety Teacher loan forgiveness programs Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Improvements and generally Teacher Preparation related issues Teacher shortages related issues Teacher diversity Teacher pay related issues Community schools related issues Grow Your Own Program related issues S.J.Res.56/H.J.Res.76, A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Borrower Defense Institutional Accountability", Borrower defense rule issues H.R.1364/S.568, Child Care for Working Families Act H.R.2315/S.1172, Keep Our Promise to America's Children and Teachers (PACT) Act PSLF Administrative Improvements Act, Entirety Student Parent Center Act, Entirety Keeping All Students Safe Act, Entirety H.Res.254/S.Res.126, Public Schools Week Income Share Agreements, generally TEACH (Teacher Education Assistance for College and Higher Education) Grant program related issues, generally H.R.5764, Supporting Young Language Learners Access to Bilingual Education (SYLLABLE) Act H.R.6033, Pell to Grad Act S.1364, Early Pell Promise Act H.R.2639/S.1418, Strength in Diversity Act H.R.6363 Student Debt Emergency Relief Act H.R.5984, COAT Act H.R.6106/S.3405, DIPLOMA Act, Entirety Monitor the following: H.R.1878/S.866, the IDEA Full Funding Act H.R.787/S.213, the SOAR Reauthorization Act H.R.2441/S.1203, the What You Can Do for Your Country Act, Entirety H.R.3887/S.2235, Student Loan Debt Relief Act, Entirety H.R.3833, Streamlining Income-driven, Manageable Payments on Loans for Education (SIMPLE) Act, Entirety H.R.4391, Public Service Loan Forgiveness Modernization Act, Entirety H.R.4475, Higher Education Student Protection Act, Entirety TEACH Grant program, Faith Based Institutions related issues The Study of District and School Uses of Federal Education Funds, Educating Disadvantaged Children, English learners and Students with Disabilities related issues H.R.3512/S.867, Preventing Risky Operations from Threatening the Education and Career Trajectories of Students Act of 2019 (PROTECT StudentsAct), Entirety Student Loan Servicing Reform and Consumer Protection related issues H.R.3578, Community College Student Success Act, Entirety H.R.3621, Credit Reporting Enhancement, Disclosure, Innovation, and Transparency (Comprehensive CREDIT) Act Department of Education, Title IX H.R.5350, Diversifying by Investing in Educators and Students to Improve outcomes For Youth Act (DIVERSITY) Act, Entirety S.2784, Family Friendly Schools Act, Entirety H.R.4639, Pell Grant Sustainability Act, Entirety Public Law 116-113, Recognizing Achievement in Classified School Employees Act, Implementation

Anti-Lunch Shaming Act (H.R. 2311/S. 1119), Behavioral Intervention Guidelines Act (H.R. 3539), Child Care for Working Families Act (H.R. 1364/S. 568), Classrooms Reflecting Communities Act (S. 2887), Dannys Law (H.R. 3659) Diversifying by Investing in Educators and Students to Improve Outcomes for Youth (DIVERSIFY) Act (H.R. 5350/S. 3158), Educator Preparation Reform Act (S. 969), Elementary and Secondary School Counseling Act (H.R. 4381/S. 2499), Ending Corporal Punishment in Schools Act (H.R. 727), Expanding Access to the Workforce Through Dual Enrollment Act (H.R. 653), Fast Track to and Through College Act (S. 2736), IDEA Full Funding Act (H.R. 1878/S. 866), Inspiring New STEM Professionals by Investing in Renovation of Education Spaces (INSPIRES) Act (S. 3397/H.R. 6109), Jumpstart on College Act (H.R. 4108/S. 2395), K-12 Cybersecurity Act (S. 3033), Keep Our PACT Act (H.R. 2315/S. 1172), Making Education Affordable and Accessible Act (S. 718/H.R. 3891), Mental Health Services for Students Act (H.R. 1109/S. 1122), National Assistant Principals Week resolutions (H. Res. 318/S. Res. 149), National Middle Level Education Month resolution (H. Res. 260), Preparing and Retaining Education Professionals Act (S. 752), Promoting Readiness in Education to Prevent Additional Remediation and Expense (PREPARE) Act (S. 1516), Protecting Student Athletes from Concussions Act (S. 2600/H.R. 5611), Public Schools Week resolutions (H. Res. 254/S. Res. 126), Rebuild Americas Schools Act (H.R. 865/S. 266), Recruiting and Retaining Effective School Leaders Act (no bill #), Safe Schools Improvement Act (H.R. 2653/S. 2548), School Shooting Safety and Preparedness Act (H.R. 4301), SOAR Permanent Authorization Act (S. 2682), Suicide & Threat Assessment Nationally Dedicated to Universal Prevention (STANDUP) Act (S. 2492), Streamlining Energy Efficiency for Schools Act (H.R. 762/S. 253), Strength in Diversity Act (H.R. 2639/S. 1418), Success in the Middle Act (H.R. 3089/S. 1704), Summer Meals and Learning Act (H.R. 3667/S. 2070), Teachers are Leaders Act (S. 235/H.R. 3108), Trauma Informed Schools Act (H.R. 4146), What Can You Do For Your Country Act (H.R. 2441/S. 1205); and 21st Century STEM for Girls and Underrepresented Minorities Act (H.R. 1591/S. 1299); Titles I, II, and IV of ESSA; Comprehensive Literacy State Development Grants; School Leader Recruitment and Support program; Carl D. Perkins CTE program; private school vouchers; District of Columbia private school voucher program; IDEA; HEA reauthorization; Public Service Loan Forgiveness; Teacher Quality Partnership Grants; Impact Aid; E-Rate; homework gap; transgender students; school climate and safety; community schools; school discipline guidance; educator diversity; National Teacher and Principal Survey; social & emotional learning; Personal Preparation under IDEA; school infrastructure; school funding on U.S. military installations (S. J. Res. 54); Title IX regulations on sexual harassment; Civil Rights Data Collection; bullying; Augustus F. Hawkins Centers of Excellence grant program; TEACH grant program; COVID-19; Education Stabilization Fund

The Affordable Care Act (P.L. 111-148, P.L. 111-152): Expanding coverage and improving Medicare benefits; Providing needed protections to guard against insurance practices that unfairly limit, deny or rescind coverage based on health status; public and private health insurers should encourage preventive health care by providing full coverage, with no cost-sharing, for preventive services recommended by an expert advisory group, such as the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force; Ensuring access to primary care physicians; and beginning to bend the cost curve; Prohibiting insurers from excluding or charging excessive rates to children based on pre-existing conditions, which later will be expanded to all persons; Covering young adults on their parents' plans; Eliminating lifetime and annual limits on health insurance coverage; Requiring that health insurers spend more on patient care and less on administration; support enactment of S. 248, the Empowering States to Innovate Act, which amends the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) to: (1) allow states to apply for waivers of certain health insurance coverage requirements in such Act (including requirements for the establishment of qualified health plans and health insurance exchanges) for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2014 (currently, January 1, 2017), and (2) require the waiver application process to begin not later than 180 days after the enactment of this Act; Phasing out the Medicare Part D doughnut hole; Eliminating patient cost-sharing for preventive services offered by Medicare or private insurers; Increasing Medicare and Medicaid payments to primary care physicians; Supporting the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to help physicians and patients make care decisions based on the best available evidence; Supporting the Center on Medicare and Medicaid Innovation to fund pilots of delivery models to improve outcomes and reduce costs, including patient-centered medical homes; Advocated against a December 2018 ruling by a federal judge in Texas that the entire Affordable Care Act (ACA) is unconstitutional. Access to Primary Care in the Context of Comprehensive Healthcare Reform Legislation (H.R. 3962/H.R. 3590/H.R. 4872): Provide sliding scale subsidies based on income to buy coverage from qualified plans; Qualified plans should: provide evidence-based benefits, including preventive services; and be prohibited from excluding persons with pre-existing conditions, charging them more, cherry-picking enrollees, or cancelling or failing to renew coverage; Expand Medicaid to cover all persons below the Federal Poverty Level and ensure fair payments to participating physicians; As coverage becomes affordable, all persons should participate and coverage should be guaranteed; Responsibility for financing should be shared by individuals, employers and government. Pilot test Medicare payment models that re-align incentives to support effective, efficient, patient-centered, coordinated care. Priority should be given to models designed to support the value of services provided by primary care physicians as well as to models that would create incentives, across physician specialties and sites of services, to improve the quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of care provided. Policy criteria for selecting the most promising models for pilot testing should be developed, in consultation with outside experts; The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH), which has shown great promise in meeting the policy objectives suggested above, should be among the models selected for broader testing on a national pilot basis; the use of the medical home model for treatment or services under private health plans, the requirement of health plans to provide incentives to promote and report on medical home services provided, the establishment of community health teams and a primary care extension program to educate and support primary care practices in the delivery of medical home services, and the establishment of a demonstration project to educate physicians and other clinicians in training in the competencies required to deliver care consistent with the medical home care model. Medicare Payments to Physicians: Urged that Congress provide incentives to physicians who transform their practices into Advanced Alternative Payment Models and continue to provide stability for physicians in the MIPS program. Specifically, Congress should extend the five percent Qualified Alternative Payment Model participant bonus beyond the 2022 performance year, replace the zero percent baseline payment updates under Medicare, to take effect in 2020, with positive updates. Urged congressional committees with jurisdiction over Medicare to exercise their oversight authority and urge CMS to expedite approval of more Advanced APMS, particularly those that work for small and specialty practices and to simplify the scoring structure and reporting requirements under the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) in order to fulfill Congress intent of a more streamlined program that reduces burdens on physicians; Supported S.2648, the Rural ACO Improvement Act, amends title XVIII of the Social Security Act to improve the benchmarking process for the Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) to ensure that all ACOs have an equal opportunity to share in savings regardless of their geographic location; Provided recommendations to CMS on the Merit-based Incentive Payment System Value Pathway (MVP), which aims to reduce reporting burden and complexity within MIPS while improving the accuracy and effectiveness of performance measurement. The College noted specifically that a robust, multi-year transition period will be critical to the success of the MVP, that it does not support making the MVP mandatory, that CMS should continue to support numerous reporting mechanisms, including qualified registries and clinical data registries, which have been instrumental in developing specialty-specific performance measures, among other things. Expand Coverage and Stabilizing the Insurance Market: Congress should work to help stabilize the individual health insurance market and expand coverage. Specifically, the College urged Congress to develop and introduce comprehensive market stabilization legislation that includes reinsurance options to help stabilize the markets; Expand cost-sharing assistance eligibility to purchase insurance in the exchanges as well as increase the level of premium tax credits and cost sharing subsidies offered to purchase a qualified health plan; Introduce legislation that would block the expansion of access to short-term health plans or Association Health Plans that allow insurers to charge more to individuals with pre-existing conditions and permit them to exclude from coverage essential medical care. Urged that Congress pass the Protecting Pre-existing Conditions and Making Health Care More Affordable Act of 2019 (H.R. 1884), which strengthens and expands tax credits; stops skimpy health plans that do not cover essential benefits and that discriminate against people with pre-existing conditions; and provides funding for reinsurance programs. Administrative Tasks on Physicians and Patients: Congress should accelerate its efforts to reduce administrative burdens on clinicians and patients, including: streamlining the prior authorization process, better integrating clinical data into clinicians electronic health records (EHRs), and working with CMS in their effort to overhaul clinical documentation guidelines; Urged Congress to cosponsor and pass the Safe Step Act (H.R. 2279), to require health insurers to provide an exceptions process for any medication step therapy protocol based on clinical decision-making, medical necessity, and other patient needs; Urged that the E/M documentation requirements in the FY2019 Physician Fee Schedule should be implemented immediately and not coupled with the E/M payment policy reforms planned for 2021. Prescription Drug Costs: The College advocated for greater transparency in drug pricing, the elimination of anti-competitive industry practices that create barriers to generics coming to market, the importance of accounting for value in payment and coverage for prescriptions, and providing authority to the federal government to negotiate drug discounts under the Medicare Part D program. Specifically, the College urged Congress to pass the Medicare Prescription Drug Price Negotiation Act of 2019 (H.R. 275/S. 62), which allows the Secretary of Health and Human Services to negotiate covered Part D drug prices on behalf of Medicare beneficiaries, and the Creating and Restoring Equal Access to Equivalent Samples (CREATES) Act of 2019, (H.R. 965/S. 340), which would improve patient access to alternative low-cost prescription drugs and biological products by preventing prescription drug manufacturers from misusing the FDAs Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) process to make it difficult for competing generics to be brought to the market. Also urged that Congress pass the Reforming Evergreening and Manipulation that Extends Drug Years, REMEDY Act (S. 1209), to aid in the approval of more generic drug applications by the FDA and therefore improve patient access to those medications. Also urged that Congress pass the Prescription Drug STAR Act (H.R. 2113), and the Fair Accountability and Innovative Research (FAIR) Drug Pricing Act (H.R. 2296/S. 1391), to promote greater drug pricing transparency; Expressed appreciation to the House speaker for introduction of H.R. 3, the Lower Drug Costs Now Act, noting encouragement for its provisions to empower the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to negotiate with drug companies for lower prices and to cap out-of-pocket costs for seniors enrolled in the Medicare Part D program. Commented to the FDA on its prescription drug reimportation proposed rule noting that while the College is generally supportive of drug importation as laid out in the proposed rule as a means to control the cost of prescription drugs, the FDA must guarantee that the design and implementation of the rule includes numerous measures and safeguards to ensure patient safety. By limiting the origin of imported drugs to Canadian-certified and FDA-approved and registered drugs and entities, the College believes the proposed rule meets the required U.S. standards to assure high-quality drugs and patient safety. Any final drug importation system must also be one that is a closed system and has a tightly controlled and documented supply chain to assure authenticity and avoid degradation of the drug. Workforce, Medical and Health Services Research, Public Health Initiatives: Congress should ensure funding in FY 2021 for federal programs/initiatives designed to support primary care including Title VII Health Professions grants and the National Health Service Corps (NHSC). Equally important is the need to fund essential health services and medical research by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and public health programs supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Firearms-Related Injury and Death: The College advocated for lawmakers to pass measures to strengthen the criminal background check system, ban assault weapons and high capacity magazines, prevent the unlawful transfer of firearms to those who cannot legally purchase them, and remove restrictions on, and provide dedicated funding for, research by federal agencies on prevention of firearms-related injuries and death. Specifically, the College urged passage of the Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019 (H.R. 8), which would strengthen the accuracy and reporting of the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) as well as expand Brady background checks to cover all firearm sales, including unlicensed firearms sellers currently not required to use background checks, and the Gun Violence Prevention Research Act (H.R. 674/S. 184), which would authorize funding for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to study firearms safety and gun violence prevention. Also urged Congress to pass the Violence Against Women (VAWA) Reauthorization Act of 2019 (H.R. 1585), to provide protections for domestic violence victims by restricting access to firearms by those deemed a threat to them. Also urged Congress to pass the Assault Weapons Ban of 2019 (S. 66/H.R. 1296), to ban the sale of semi-automatic weapons and high capacity magazines. Immigration: The College advocated against family separation at the U.S. border. Specifically, the College urged support for H.R. 541 - the Keep Families Together Act, which would help ensure that children are not separated from their parents when families unlawfully cross over the border into the United States and would ensure that the Department of Homeland Security would not be able to implement the zero tolerance policy that separated families at the border last summer; urged congressional oversight of family separation policies. Also urged that Congress pass H.R. 6, the Dream and Promise Act of 2019, which would provide a pathway to U.S. citizenship for undocumented children who came to the United States due to the action of their parents, also known as Dreamers. Expressed concern to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security with the recent U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) policy change to no longer accept or adjudicate non-military deferred action requests including those for individuals with serious medical conditions; Urged USCIS to reverse this decision immediately and resume consideration of deferred action requests for medical reasons. Climate Change: The College educated Congress on the harmful health impacts of climate change. Climate change adaptation strategies must be established, and mitigation measures, like switching to clean, renewable energy and promoting active transportation, must be adopted. The College opposed the United States withdrawal from the Paris Agreement and urged Congress to pass the Climate Action Now Act, HR 9, which would reinstitute the U.S. in the agreement. Governments should commit to providing substantial and sufficient climate change research funding to understand, adapt to, and mitigate the human health effects of climate change. The College opposes weakening the limits on carbon emissions from new and reconstructed sources, which would open the door for more greenhouse gas emissions. Urged Congress to support the goal of a 100% clean energy economy by 2050 to protect health from the impacts of climate change. Urged congressional appropriators to increase funding for the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions Climate and Health Program to $15 million in FY 2021. Graduate Medical Education: Urged that Congress support medical education training and debt relief for primary care physicians and other specialties facing shortages by passing the Resident Physician Shortage Reduction Act of 2019 (S. 348, H.R. 1763), to lift the GME caps as needed to permit training an adequate number of primary care physicians, including internal medicine specialists, and physicians in other specialties facing shortages; passing the Resident Education Deferred Interest Act (H.R. 1554), to save physicians in residency programs thousands of dollars in interest on their loans and help incentivize the opening of practices in underserved areas; pass legislation to combine DGME and IME into a single, more functional payment program, and broaden the GME financing structure to include all payers; support funding for GME/IME and programs within the Veterans Health Administration that provide graduate medical education to ensure that physicians are adequately trained with the skills needed to treat an aging population. Urged Congress to pass the Opioid Workforce Act of 2019 (H.R. 3414), which would provide Medicare support for an additional 1,000 graduate medical education (GME) positions over five years in hospitals that have, or are in the process of establishing, accredited residency programs in addiction medicine, addiction psychiatry, or pain medicine. Urged Congress to pass S. 1203 and H.R. 2441, the What You Can Do For Your Country Act, which would improve and reform the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Program. Women and Families: Urged that Congress improve care and services for women and families by removing barriers to care that interfere with the physician-patient relationship. Urged $400 million in funding for the Title X program, and rolling back the harmful final regulations on Title X, as included in the House FY2020 Labor-HHS-Education appropriations bill. Urged that Congress pass the Family and Medical Insurance Leave (FAMILY) Act (H.R.1185/S. 463) to establish a federal paid family leave program. Vaccines: Urged Congress to pass the Vaccines Act (HR 2862), which would provide federal funding for vaccine hesitancy surveillance at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and outline a national public messaging campaign informed by this research to help improve vaccination rates; Supported H.R. 592, recognizing the anniversary of the eradication of smallpox and the importance of vaccination in the United States and worldwide; Urged the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to reconsider its decision to not vaccinate families in the custody of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) against influenza (flu). Surprise Medical Billing: Urged Congress to pass legislation that would protect patients from surprise out-of-network medical bills in both emergency and non-emergency settings that includes the following principles: hold patients harmless from surprise medical bills for out-of-network services, address narrow insurance networks, abandon efforts to establish an in-network median rate for services in these settings and instead opt for an independent dispute resolution process to determine payment. Appropriations: Urged Congress to fund Title VII, Section 747, Primary Care Training and Enhancement (PCTE) at $71 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) at $460 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) at $830 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Title X Family Planning Program at $400 million for fiscal year 2021 and include language to remove barriers to care that interfere with the patient-physician relationship; Fund Research on Prevention of Firearms-related Injuries and Deaths at $50 million for Fiscal Year 2021; Fund the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at $44.7 billion for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at $8.3 billion for fiscal year 2021. Physician Fee Schedule: Commented to CMS on its 2020 fee schedule final rule to: finalize E/M codes, current Procedural Terminology (CPT) guidelines, and RUC recommended values exactly as implemented by the CPT Editorial Panel and submitted by the RUC; finalize proposals to reduce the documentation burden for E/M services by allowing choice of medical decision making or time, and work to develop additional clarity and guidance on acceptable documentation to operationalize these important proposals; examination room desktop computers should be counted as a direct medical equipment cost; care management should be promoted by increasing the values of services like Transitional Care Management (TCM) and Chronic Care Management and implementing Principle Care Management (PCM) codes; require additional survey and review for any requests to increase non-outpatient E/M or other services; work with the physician community prior to finalizing any policy affecting eligibility to participate in the Medicare program; Urged congressional committees of jurisdiction to support: Higher physician work relative value units (RVUs) for new and established office visit codes, leading to increased payments for them, Reduced documentation requirements for office visit codes, which enables physicians to select and document for each visit based on medical decision-making or total time, Expanded and improved payment for care management services. COVID-19: Urged congressional appropriators to provide the highest possible funding level for research, prevention, control, and treatment of illnesses associated with the virus that is commensurate with the public health emergency that the virus represents. Urged the administration to explore regulatory and other actions that would make COVID-19 testing free-of-charge to patients covered by both public and private insurance plans, including ACA-compliant plans offered through the insurance exchanges, and to waive co-pays and deductibles for patients seeing physicians for symptoms that may be indicative of COVID-19 or who are hospitalized for treatment. Urged CMS to utilize a national disaster recovery program that would pay doctors 110% of Medicare rates for caring for uninsured patients who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Expressed support to Congress and the administration for the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, H.R. 6201, and other stimulus reforms related to COVID-19 including: Emergency paid leave benefits, paid sick days for public health emergencies, coverage of testing for COVID-19, waiving of cost sharing under Medicare, Medicare Advantage, Medicaid, and CHIP, increasing the federal FMAP under Medicaid, providing reimbursement for CPT codes 99441 - 99443, which are telephone evaluation and management services, expediting entrance of international medical graduates who are citizens of other nations (non-US IMGs) into the country and ensuring that lawfully present non-U.S. IMGs are not negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, funding for physician practices under the Public Health and Social Service Emergency Fund (PHSSEF), providing tax relief, grants, and loans to small and medium size practices impacted by COVID-19, increasing funding for personal protective equipment (PPE), ensuring Medicaid pay parity with Medicare for primary care services.

The Affordable Care Act (P.L. 111-148, P.L. 111-152): Expanding coverage and improving Medicare benefits; Providing needed protections to guard against insurance practices that unfairly limit, deny or rescind coverage based on health status; public and private health insurers should encourage preventive health care by providing full coverage, with no cost-sharing, for preventive services recommended by an expert advisory group, such as the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force; Ensuring access to primary care physicians; and beginning to bend the cost curve; Prohibiting insurers from excluding or charging excessive rates to children based on pre-existing conditions, which later will be expanded to all persons; Covering young adults on their parents' plans; Eliminating lifetime and annual limits on health insurance coverage; Requiring that health insurers spend more on patient care and less on administration; support enactment of S. 248, the Empowering States to Innovate Act, which amends the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) to: (1) allow states to apply for waivers of certain health insurance coverage requirements in such Act (including requirements for the establishment of qualified health plans and health insurance exchanges) for plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2014 (currently, January 1, 2017), and (2) require the waiver application process to begin not later than 180 days after the enactment of this Act; Phasing out the Medicare Part D doughnut hole; Eliminating patient cost-sharing for preventive services offered by Medicare or private insurers; Increasing Medicare and Medicaid payments to primary care physicians; Supporting the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to help physicians and patients make care decisions based on the best available evidence; Supporting the Center on Medicare and Medicaid Innovation to fund pilots of delivery models to improve outcomes and reduce costs, including patient-centered medical homes; Advocated against a December 2018 ruling by a federal judge in Texas that the entire Affordable Care Act (ACA) is unconstitutional. Access to Primary Care in the Context of Comprehensive Healthcare Reform Legislation (H.R. 3962/H.R. 3590/H.R. 4872): Provide sliding scale subsidies based on income to buy coverage from qualified plans; Qualified plans should: provide evidence-based benefits, including preventive services; and be prohibited from excluding persons with pre-existing conditions, charging them more, cherry-picking enrollees, or cancelling or failing to renew coverage; Expand Medicaid to cover all persons below the Federal Poverty Level and ensure fair payments to participating physicians; As coverage becomes affordable, all persons should participate and coverage should be guaranteed; Responsibility for financing should be shared by individuals, employers and government. Pilot test Medicare payment models that re-align incentives to support effective, efficient, patient-centered, coordinated care. Priority should be given to models designed to support the value of services provided by primary care physicians as well as to models that would create incentives, across physician specialties and sites of services, to improve the quality, effectiveness, and efficiency of care provided. Policy criteria for selecting the most promising models for pilot testing should be developed, in consultation with outside experts; The Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH), which has shown great promise in meeting the policy objectives suggested above, should be among the models selected for broader testing on a national pilot basis; the use of the medical home model for treatment or services under private health plans, the requirement of health plans to provide incentives to promote and report on medical home services provided, the establishment of community health teams and a primary care extension program to educate and support primary care practices in the delivery of medical home services, and the establishment of a demonstration project to educate physicians and other clinicians in training in the competencies required to deliver care consistent with the medical home care model. Medicare Payments to Physicians: Urged that Congress provide incentives to physicians who transform their practices into Advanced Alternative Payment Models and continue to provide stability for physicians in the MIPS program. Specifically, Congress should extend the five percent Qualified Alternative Payment Model participant bonus beyond the 2022 performance year, replace the zero percent baseline payment updates under Medicare, to take effect in 2020, with positive updates. Urged congressional committees with jurisdiction over Medicare to exercise their oversight authority and urge CMS to expedite approval of more Advanced APMS, particularly those that work for small and specialty practices and to simplify the scoring structure and reporting requirements under the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) in order to fulfill Congress intent of a more streamlined program that reduces burdens on physicians; Supported S.2648, the Rural ACO Improvement Act, amends title XVIII of the Social Security Act to improve the benchmarking process for the Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP) to ensure that all ACOs have an equal opportunity to share in savings regardless of their geographic location; Provided recommendations to CMS on the Merit-based Incentive Payment System Value Pathway (MVP), which aims to reduce reporting burden and complexity within MIPS while improving the accuracy and effectiveness of performance measurement. The College noted specifically that a robust, multi-year transition period will be critical to the success of the MVP, that it does not support making the MVP mandatory, that CMS should continue to support numerous reporting mechanisms, including qualified registries and clinical data registries, which have been instrumental in developing specialty-specific performance measures, among other things. Expand Coverage and Stabilizing the Insurance Market: Congress should work to help stabilize the individual health insurance market and expand coverage. Specifically, the College urged Congress to develop and introduce comprehensive market stabilization legislation that includes reinsurance options to help stabilize the markets; Expand cost-sharing assistance eligibility to purchase insurance in the exchanges as well as increase the level of premium tax credits and cost sharing subsidies offered to purchase a qualified health plan; Introduce legislation that would block the expansion of access to short-term health plans or Association Health Plans that allow insurers to charge more to individuals with pre-existing conditions and permit them to exclude from coverage essential medical care. Urged that Congress pass the Protecting Pre-existing Conditions and Making Health Care More Affordable Act of 2019 (H.R. 1884), which strengthens and expands tax credits; stops skimpy health plans that do not cover essential benefits and that discriminate against people with pre-existing conditions; and provides funding for reinsurance programs. Administrative Tasks on Physicians and Patients: Congress should accelerate its efforts to reduce administrative burdens on clinicians and patients, including: streamlining the prior authorization process, better integrating clinical data into clinicians electronic health records (EHRs), and working with CMS in their effort to overhaul clinical documentation guidelines; Urged Congress to cosponsor and pass the Safe Step Act (H.R. 2279), to require health insurers to provide an exceptions process for any medication step therapy protocol based on clinical decision-making, medical necessity, and other patient needs; Urged that the E/M documentation requirements in the FY2019 Physician Fee Schedule should be implemented immediately and not coupled with the E/M payment policy reforms planned for 2021. Prescription Drug Costs: The College advocated for greater transparency in drug pricing, the elimination of anti-competitive industry practices that create barriers to generics coming to market, the importance of accounting for value in payment and coverage for prescriptions, and providing authority to the federal government to negotiate drug discounts under the Medicare Part D program. Specifically, the College urged Congress to pass the Medicare Prescription Drug Price Negotiation Act of 2019 (H.R. 275/S. 62), which allows the Secretary of Health and Human Services to negotiate covered Part D drug prices on behalf of Medicare beneficiaries, and the Creating and Restoring Equal Access to Equivalent Samples (CREATES) Act of 2019, (H.R. 965/S. 340), which would improve patient access to alternative low-cost prescription drugs and biological products by preventing prescription drug manufacturers from misusing the FDAs Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) process to make it difficult for competing generics to be brought to the market. Also urged that Congress pass the Reforming Evergreening and Manipulation that Extends Drug Years, REMEDY Act (S. 1209), to aid in the approval of more generic drug applications by the FDA and therefore improve patient access to those medications. Also urged that Congress pass the Prescription Drug STAR Act (H.R. 2113), and the Fair Accountability and Innovative Research (FAIR) Drug Pricing Act (H.R. 2296/S. 1391), to promote greater drug pricing transparency; Expressed appreciation to the House speaker for introduction of H.R. 3, the Lower Drug Costs Now Act, noting encouragement for its provisions to empower the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) to negotiate with drug companies for lower prices and to cap out-of-pocket costs for seniors enrolled in the Medicare Part D program. Commented to the FDA on its prescription drug reimportation proposed rule noting that while the College is generally supportive of drug importation as laid out in the proposed rule as a means to control the cost of prescription drugs, the FDA must guarantee that the design and implementation of the rule includes numerous measures and safeguards to ensure patient safety. By limiting the origin of imported drugs to Canadian-certified and FDA-approved and registered drugs and entities, the College believes the proposed rule meets the required U.S. standards to assure high-quality drugs and patient safety. Any final drug importation system must also be one that is a closed system and has a tightly controlled and documented supply chain to assure authenticity and avoid degradation of the drug. Workforce, Medical and Health Services Research, Public Health Initiatives: Congress should ensure funding in FY 2021 for federal programs/initiatives designed to support primary care including Title VII Health Professions grants and the National Health Service Corps (NHSC). Equally important is the need to fund essential health services and medical research by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and public health programs supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Firearms-Related Injury and Death: The College advocated for lawmakers to pass measures to strengthen the criminal background check system, ban assault weapons and high capacity magazines, prevent the unlawful transfer of firearms to those who cannot legally purchase them, and remove restrictions on, and provide dedicated funding for, research by federal agencies on prevention of firearms-related injuries and death. Specifically, the College urged passage of the Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019 (H.R. 8), which would strengthen the accuracy and reporting of the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS) as well as expand Brady background checks to cover all firearm sales, including unlicensed firearms sellers currently not required to use background checks, and the Gun Violence Prevention Research Act (H.R. 674/S. 184), which would authorize funding for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to study firearms safety and gun violence prevention. Also urged Congress to pass the Violence Against Women (VAWA) Reauthorization Act of 2019 (H.R. 1585), to provide protections for domestic violence victims by restricting access to firearms by those deemed a threat to them. Also urged Congress to pass the Assault Weapons Ban of 2019 (S. 66/H.R. 1296), to ban the sale of semi-automatic weapons and high capacity magazines. Immigration: The College advocated against family separation at the U.S. border. Specifically, the College urged support for H.R. 541 - the Keep Families Together Act, which would help ensure that children are not separated from their parents when families unlawfully cross over the border into the United States and would ensure that the Department of Homeland Security would not be able to implement the zero tolerance policy that separated families at the border last summer; urged congressional oversight of family separation policies. Also urged that Congress pass H.R. 6, the Dream and Promise Act of 2019, which would provide a pathway to U.S. citizenship for undocumented children who came to the United States due to the action of their parents, also known as Dreamers. Expressed concern to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security with the recent U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Service (USCIS) policy change to no longer accept or adjudicate non-military deferred action requests including those for individuals with serious medical conditions; Urged USCIS to reverse this decision immediately and resume consideration of deferred action requests for medical reasons. Climate Change: The College educated Congress on the harmful health impacts of climate change. Climate change adaptation strategies must be established, and mitigation measures, like switching to clean, renewable energy and promoting active transportation, must be adopted. The College opposed the United States withdrawal from the Paris Agreement and urged Congress to pass the Climate Action Now Act, HR 9, which would reinstitute the U.S. in the agreement. Governments should commit to providing substantial and sufficient climate change research funding to understand, adapt to, and mitigate the human health effects of climate change. The College opposes weakening the limits on carbon emissions from new and reconstructed sources, which would open the door for more greenhouse gas emissions. Urged Congress to support the goal of a 100% clean energy economy by 2050 to protect health from the impacts of climate change. Urged congressional appropriators to increase funding for the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions Climate and Health Program to $15 million in FY 2021. Graduate Medical Education: Urged that Congress support medical education training and debt relief for primary care physicians and other specialties facing shortages by passing the Resident Physician Shortage Reduction Act of 2019 (S. 348, H.R. 1763), to lift the GME caps as needed to permit training an adequate number of primary care physicians, including internal medicine specialists, and physicians in other specialties facing shortages; passing the Resident Education Deferred Interest Act (H.R. 1554), to save physicians in residency programs thousands of dollars in interest on their loans and help incentivize the opening of practices in underserved areas; pass legislation to combine DGME and IME into a single, more functional payment program, and broaden the GME financing structure to include all payers; support funding for GME/IME and programs within the Veterans Health Administration that provide graduate medical education to ensure that physicians are adequately trained with the skills needed to treat an aging population. Urged Congress to pass the Opioid Workforce Act of 2019 (H.R. 3414), which would provide Medicare support for an additional 1,000 graduate medical education (GME) positions over five years in hospitals that have, or are in the process of establishing, accredited residency programs in addiction medicine, addiction psychiatry, or pain medicine. Urged Congress to pass S. 1203 and H.R. 2441, the What You Can Do For Your Country Act, which would improve and reform the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Program. Women and Families: Urged that Congress improve care and services for women and families by removing barriers to care that interfere with the physician-patient relationship. Urged $400 million in funding for the Title X program, and rolling back the harmful final regulations on Title X, as included in the House FY2020 Labor-HHS-Education appropriations bill. Urged that Congress pass the Family and Medical Insurance Leave (FAMILY) Act (H.R.1185/S. 463) to establish a federal paid family leave program. Vaccines: Urged Congress to pass the Vaccines Act (HR 2862), which would provide federal funding for vaccine hesitancy surveillance at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and outline a national public messaging campaign informed by this research to help improve vaccination rates; Supported H.R. 592, recognizing the anniversary of the eradication of smallpox and the importance of vaccination in the United States and worldwide; Urged the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to reconsider its decision to not vaccinate families in the custody of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) against influenza (flu). Surprise Medical Billing: Urged Congress to pass legislation that would protect patients from surprise out-of-network medical bills in both emergency and non-emergency settings that includes the following principles: hold patients harmless from surprise medical bills for out-of-network services, address narrow insurance networks, abandon efforts to establish an in-network median rate for services in these settings and instead opt for an independent dispute resolution process to determine payment. Appropriations: Urged Congress to fund Title VII, Section 747, Primary Care Training and Enhancement (PCTE) at $71 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (AHRQ) at $460 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the National Health Service Corps (NHSC) at $830 million for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Title X Family Planning Program at $400 million for fiscal year 2021 and include language to remove barriers to care that interfere with the patient-physician relationship; Fund Research on Prevention of Firearms-related Injuries and Deaths at $50 million for Fiscal Year 2021; Fund the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at $44.7 billion for fiscal year 2021; Fund the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at $8.3 billion for fiscal year 2021. Physician Fee Schedule: Commented to CMS on its 2020 fee schedule final rule to: finalize E/M codes, current Procedural Terminology (CPT) guidelines, and RUC recommended values exactly as implemented by the CPT Editorial Panel and submitted by the RUC; finalize proposals to reduce the documentation burden for E/M services by allowing choice of medical decision making or time, and work to develop additional clarity and guidance on acceptable documentation to operationalize these important proposals; examination room desktop computers should be counted as a direct medical equipment cost; care management should be promoted by increasing the values of services like Transitional Care Management (TCM) and Chronic Care Management and implementing Principle Care Management (PCM) codes; require additional survey and review for any requests to increase non-outpatient E/M or other services; work with the physician community prior to finalizing any policy affecting eligibility to participate in the Medicare program; Urged congressional committees of jurisdiction to support: Higher physician work relative value units (RVUs) for new and established office visit codes, leading to increased payments for them, Reduced documentation requirements for office visit codes, which enables physicians to select and document for each visit based on medical decision-making or total time, Expanded and improved payment for care management services. COVID-19: Urged congressional appropriators to provide the highest possible funding level for research, prevention, control, and treatment of illnesses associated with the virus that is commensurate with the public health emergency that the virus represents. Urged the administration to explore regulatory and other actions that would make COVID-19 testing free-of-charge to patients covered by both public and private insurance plans, including ACA-compliant plans offered through the insurance exchanges, and to waive co-pays and deductibles for patients seeing physicians for symptoms that may be indicative of COVID-19 or who are hospitalized for treatment. Urged CMS to utilize a national disaster recovery program that would pay doctors 110% of Medicare rates for caring for uninsured patients who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Expressed support to Congress and the administration for the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, H.R. 6201, and other stimulus reforms related to COVID-19 including: Emergency paid leave benefits, paid sick days for public health emergencies, coverage of testing for COVID-19, waiving of cost sharing under Medicare, Medicare Advantage, Medicaid, and CHIP, increasing the federal FMAP under Medicaid, providing reimbursement for CPT codes 99441 - 99443, which are telephone evaluation and management services, expediting entrance of international medical graduates who are citizens of other nations (non-US IMGs) into the country and ensuring that lawfully present non-U.S. IMGs are not negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, funding for physician practices under the Public Health and Social Service Emergency Fund (PHSSEF), providing tax relief, grants, and loans to small and medium size practices impacted by COVID-19, increasing funding for personal protective equipment (PPE), ensuring Medicaid pay parity with Medicare for primary care services.

S.1203/H.R. 2441, the What You Can Do For Your Country Act - to strengthen and increase transparency behind administration of the federal Public Service Loan Forgiveness program. Higher Education Reauthorization-provisions related to student loans Activity in support of preservation of the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program

Client expense: $170,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: Commerce, Dept of (DOC), Congressional Budget Office (CBO), Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), Education, Dept of, Federal Trade Commission (FTC), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS), Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Justice, Dept of (DOJ), Labor, Dept of (DOL), Office of Personnel Management (OPM), SENATE, State, Dept of (DOS), Treasury, Dept of, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), U.S. Trade Representative (USTR), Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA), White House Office

1. H.R.865/S.266, Rebuild Americas Schools Act, Entirety 2. Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act, Entirety 3. H.R.4674, College Affordability Act, Entirety 4. H.R.3512/S.867, Preventing Risky Operations from Threatening the Education and Career Trajectories of Students Act of 2019 (PROTECT Students Act), Entirety 5. Teacher loan forgiveness programs 6. H.R.5350, Diversifying by Investing in Educators and Students to Improve outcomes For Youth Act (DIVERSITY) Act, Entirety 7. Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Improvements and generally 8. Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Inclusion 9. Teacher Preparation related issues 10. Teacher shortages related issues 11. Teacher diversity 12. Grow Your Own Program related issues 13. Student Loan Servicing Reform and Consumer Protection related issues 14.H.R.4308, Cost Assistance Made Possible for Undergraduate Students (CAMPUS) Act, Entirety 15.S.J.Res.56 / H.J.Res.76, A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Borrower Defense Institutional Accountability", Borrower defense rule issues 16. S.2784, Family Friendly Schools Act, Entirety 17.H.R.1364/S.568, Child Care for Working Families Act 18.H.R.2315/S.1172, Keep Our Promise to America's Children and Teachers (PACT) Act 19. H.R.3578, Community College Student Success Act, Entirety 20. H.R.4639, Pell Grant Sustainability Act, Entirety 21. PSLF Administrative Improvements Act, Entirety 22. H.R.5241/S.2925, Protecting Students from Worthless Degrees Act, Entirety 23. Student Parent Center Act, Entirety 24. Keeping All Students Safe Act, Entirety 25. H.R.912, Esther Martinez Native American Languages Programs Reauthorization Act, Entirety 26. Department of Education, Title IX Monitor generally as follows: 27.H.R.1878/S.866, the IDEA Full Funding Act 28. H.R.787/S.213, the SOAR Reauthorization Act 29.H.R.3497/S.839, Jumpstart Our Businesses by Supporting Students (JOBS) Act 30.Title I-Improving the Academic Achievement of the Disadvantaged and General Provisions; Technical Amendments, Docket ID ED-2018-OESE-0106 31. S. 2548, Safe Schools Improvement Act, Entirety 32. H.R.2441/S.1203, the What You Can Do for Your Country Act, Entirety 33. H.R.4212/S.2250, Americas College Promise Act of 2019, Entirety 34. H.R.3926/S.1387, Consider Teachers Act, Entirety 35. H.R.3179/S.1775, Protecting Our Students and Taxpayers Act of 2019 or POST Act of 2019, Entirety 36. Public Law 116-13, Recognizing Achievement in Classified School Employees Act, Implementation 37. H.R.3662, Relief for Defrauded Students Act, Entirety 38. H.R.3887/S.2235, Student Loan Debt Relief Act, Entirety 39. Income Share Agreements, generally 40. H.R.3369, Defending All Veterans In Education Act, Entirety 41. H.R.4206, Student and Taxpayer Protection Act, Entirety 42. H.R.3833, Streamlining Income-driven, Manageable Payments on Loans for Education (SIMPLE) Act, Entirety 43. H.R.4391, Public Service Loan Forgiveness Modernization Act, Entirety 44. H.R.4475, Higher Education Student Protection Act, Entirety 45. H.R.4107, Funding Early Childhood is the Right IDEA Act, Entirety 46. Teacher pay related issues

Anti-Lunch Shaming Act (H.R. 2311/S. 1119), Behavioral Intervention Guidelines Act (H.R. 3539), Child Care for Working Families Act (H.R. 1364/S. 568), Classrooms Reflecting Communities Act (S. 2887), Diversifying by Investing in Educators and Students to Improve Outcomes for Youth (DIVERSIFY) Act (H.R. 5350/S. 3158), Educator Preparation Reform Act (S. 969), Elementary and Secondary School Counseling Act (H.R. 4381/S. 2499), Ending Corporal Punishment in Schools Act (H.R. 727), Expanding Access to the Workforce Through Dual Enrollment Act (H.R. 653), Fast Track to and Through College Act (S. 2736), IDEA Full Funding Act (H.R. 1878/S. 866), Inspiring New STEM Professionals by Investing in Renovation of Education Spaces (INSPIRES) Act (no bill #), Jumpstart on College Act (H.R. 4108/S. 2395), Keep Our PACT Act (H.R. 2315/S. 1172), Making Education Affordable and Accessible Act (S. 718), Mental Health Services for Students Act (H.R. 1109/S. 1122), National Assistant Principals Week resolutions (H. Res. 318/S. Res. 149), National Middle Level Education Month resolution (H. Res. 260), Preparing and Retaining Education Professionals Act (S. 752), Promoting Readiness in Education to Prevent Additional Remediation and Expense (PREPARE) Act (S. 1516), Protecting Student Athletes from Concussions Act (S. 2600), Public Schools Week resolutions (H. Res. 254/S. Res. 126), Rebuild Americas Schools Act (H.R. 865/S. 266), Recruiting and Retaining Effective School Leaders Act (no bill #), Safe Schools Improvement Act (H.R. 2653/S. 2548), School Shooting Safety and Preparedness Act (H.R. 4301), SOAR Permanent Authorization Act (S. 2682), Suicide & Threat Assessment Nationally Dedicated to Universal Prevention (STANDUP) Act (S. 2492), Streamlining Energy Efficiency for Schools Act (H.R. 762/S. 253), Strength in Diversity Act (H.R. 2639/S. 1418), Success in the Middle Act (H.R. 3089/S. 1704), Summer Meals and Learning Act (H.R. 3667/S. 2070), Teachers are Leaders Act (S. 235/H.R. 3108), Trauma Informed Schools Act (H.R. 4146), What Can You Do For Your Country Act (H.R. 2441/S. 1205); and 21st Century STEM for Girls and Underrepresented Minorities Act (H.R. 1591/S. 1299); Titles I, II, and IV of ESSA; Comprehensive Literacy State Development Grants; School Leader Recruitment and Support program; Carl D. Perkins CTE program; private school vouchers; District of Columbia private school voucher program; IDEA; HEA reauthorization; Public Service Loan Forgiveness; Teacher Quality Partnership Grants; Impact Aid; E-Rate; homework gap; transgender students; school climate and safety; community schools; school discipline guidance; educator diversity; National Teacher and Principal Survey; social & emotional learning; Personal Preparation under IDEA; school infrastructure; school funding on U.S. military installations (S. J. Res. 54); Title IX regulations on sexual harassment; and Civil Rights Data Collection

Inclusion of non-invasive ventilators in the competitive bidding program; H.R. 2441, Medical reimbursement for durable medical equipment

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $10,000

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SENATE

S.1203/H.R. 2441, the What You Can Do For Your Country Act - to strengthen and increase transparency behind administration of the federal Public Service Loan Forgiveness program. Higher Education Reauthorization-provisions related to student loans Activity in support of preservation of the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program Activity in support of funding for the John R. Justice Prosecutor and Defender student loan repayment program.

Client expense: $200,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: Agriculture, Dept of (USDA), Commerce, Dept of (DOC), Congressional Budget Office (CBO), Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), Education, Dept of, Federal Trade Commission (FTC), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS), Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Justice, Dept of (DOJ), Labor, Dept of (DOL), Office of Personnel Management (OPM), SENATE, State, Dept of (DOS), Treasury, Dept of, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), U.S. Trade Representative (USTR), Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA), White House Office

1. S. 2548, Safe Schools Improvement Act, Entirety 2. H.R.865/S.266, Rebuild Americas Schools Act, Entirety 3. H.R.2441/S.1203, the What You Can Do for Your Country Act, Entirety 4. Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act, Entirety 5. H.R.4212/S.2250, Americas College Promise Act of 2019, Entirety 6. H.R.3512/S.867, Preventing Risky Operations from Threatening the Education and Career Trajectories of Students Act of 2019 (PROTECT Students Act), Entirety 7. H.R.3926/S.1387, Consider Teachers Act, Entirety 8. H.R.3179/S.1775, Protecting Our Students and Taxpayers Act of 2019 or POST Act of 2019, Entirety 9. Teacher loan forgiveness programs 10. Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF), Improvements and generally 11. Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Inclusion 12. Teacher pay related issues 13. Teacher Preparation related issues 14. Teacher shortages related issues 15. Teacher diversity 16. Public Law 116-13, Recognizing Achievement in Classified School Employees Act, Implementation 17. Teaching Climate Change in Schools 18. H.R.3662, Relief for Defrauded Students Act, Entirety 19. H.R.3761, Protecting Access to Student Transcripts Act, Entirety 20. H.R.3803, Pell Grant Flexibility Act, Entirety 21. H.R.3887/S.2235, Student Loan Debt Relief Act, Entirety 22. S.1516, Promoting Readiness in Education to Prevent Additional Remediation and Expense Act, Entirety 23. Income Share Agreements, generally 24. H.R.3112, For-Profit Fraud Act, Entirety 25.H.R.3369, Defending All Veterans In Education Act, Entirety 26.H.R.3487, Protections and Regulation for Our Students Act, Entirety 27.H.R.4206, Student and Taxpayer Protection Act, Entirety 28.Student Loan Servicing Reform and Consumer Protection related issues 29.Fair Student Loan Debt Collection Practices related issues 30.H.R.4545, Private Loan Disability Discharge, Entirety 31.H.R.2833, CFPB Student Loan Integrity and Transparency Act, Entirety 32.Investigating Income-Share Agreements Act related issues 33.H.R.4216, Strengthening Financial Aid for Students (Strengthening FAFSA) Act, Entirety 34.H.R.3833, Streamlining Income-driven, Manageable Payments on Loans for Education (SIMPLE) Act, Entirety 35.H.R.4297, Enhance Access To SNAP (EATS) Act, Entirety 36.H.R.4342, Reducing Extra Teaching Authentication Impacting New (RETAIN) Teachers Act, Entirety 37.H.R.4391, Public Service Loan Forgiveness Modernization Act, Entirety 38.S.2523, Adjunct Faculty Loan Fairness Act, Entirety 39.H.R.4308, Cost Assistance Made Possible for Undergraduate Students (CAMPUS) Act, Entirety 40.H.R.4475, Higher Education Student Protection Act, Entirety 41.H.R.4502, Giving Relief and Dollars to Undergraduates for Adequate Time for Education (GRADUATE) Act, Entirety 42.H.R.4578, BETTER TEACH Act, Entirety 43.S.J.Res.56 / H.J.Res.76, A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to "Borrower Defense Institutional Accountability", Borrower defense rule issues 44.Student Testing Improvement and Accountability related issues 45.H.R.4389, Supporting Providers of English Language Learning (SPELL) Act, Entirety 46.Families Learning and Understanding English Together 47.H.R.4107, Funding Early Childhood is the Right IDEA Act, Entirety 48.Family Friendly Schools issues 49.H.R.1364/S.568, Child Care for Working Families Act 50.H.R.2315/S.1172, Keep Our Promise to America's Children and Teachers (PACT) Act Monitor generally as follows: 51.Department of Education, Title IX 52.H.R.1878/S.866, the IDEA Full Funding Act 53.H.R.2006/S.943, College Equity Act 54.HR 3472/S.1947, College for All Act 55.S. 213/H.R. 787, the SOAR Reauthorization Act 56.H.R.3497/S.839, Jumpstart Our Businesses by Supporting Students (JOBS) Act 57.Title I-Improving the Academic Achievement of the Disadvantaged and General Provisions; Technical Amendments, Docket ID ED-2018-OESE-0106

Home Care Volunteers HR 2441, S 1203- What You Can Do For Your Country Act HR 1878, S 866- IDEA full funding act

Client expense: $580,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SENATE

H.R. 2958, S. 1642: Increasing Access to Mental Health in Schools Act H.R. 3418: Protecting Our Students by Termination Graduate Rates that Add to Debt Act H.R. 1109, S. 1122: Mental Health Services for Students Act of 2019 H.R. 3489, S. 1204: Higher Education Mental Health Act of 2019 Higher Education Act Reauthorization S. 1203, H.R. 2441: What You Can Do for Your Country Act Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Program Negotiated Rulemaking/Accreditation Campus Sexual Assault in HEA Elementary Secondary School Safety Title IX rulemaking Higher Education/Argosy Closure H.R. 2075, S. 1013: School-Based Health Centers Reauthorization Act H.R. 4615, Stop College Closures Act of 2019 H.R. 2431, S. 2500: Mental Health Professionals Workforce Shortage Loan Repayment Act H.R. 3417: Beneficiary Education Tools Telehealth Extender Reauthorization Act of 2019 S.1782: Improving Mental Health Access for Students Act Keeping All Students Safe Act Exclusionary School Discipline

Client expense: $300,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Anti-Lunch Shaming Act (H.R. 2311/S. 1119), Behavioral Intervention Guidelines Act (H.R. 3539), Child Care for Working Families Act (H.R. 1364/S. 568), Educator Preparation Reform Act (S. 969), Ending Corporal Punishment in Schools Act (H.R. 727), Expanding Access to the Workforce Through Dual Enrollment Act (H.R. 653), IDEA Full Funding Act (H.R. 1878/S. 866), Jumpstart on College Act (H.R. 4108/S. 2395), Keep Our PACT Act (H.R. 2315/S. 1172), Making Education Affordable and Accessible Act (S. 718), Mental Health Services for Students Act (H.R. 1109/S. 1122), Mental Health Services for Students Act (S. 3337), National Assistant Principals Week resolutions (H. Res. 318/S. Res. 149), National Middle Level Education Month resolution (H. Res. 260), Preparing and Retaining Education Professionals Act (S. 752), Promoting Readiness in Education to Prevent Additional Remediation and Expense (PREPARE) Act (S. 1516), Protecting Student Athletes from Concussions Act (S. 2600), Public Schools Week resolutions (H. Res. 254/S. Res. 126), Rebuild Americas Schools Act (H.R. 865/S. 266), Recruiting and Retaining Effective School Leaders Act (no bill #), SAFE Kids Act (H.R. 1498/S. 655), Safe Schools Improvement Act (H.R. 2653/S. 2548), School Shooting Safety and Preparedness Act (H.R. 4301), Suicide & Threat Assessment Nationally Dedicated to Universal Prevention (STANDUP) Act (no bill #), Streamlining Energy Efficiency for Schools Act (H.R. 762/S. 253), Strength in Diversity Act (H.R. 2639/S. 1418), Success in the Middle Act (H.R. 3089/S. 1704), Summer Meals and Learning Act (H.R. 3667/S. 2070), Teachers are Leaders Act (S. 235/H.R. 3108), Trauma Informed Schools Act (H.R. 4146), What Can You Do For Your Country Act (H.R. 2441/S. 1205); and 21st Century STEM for Girls and Underrepresented Minorities Act (H.R. 1591/S. 1299); Titles I, II, and IV of ESSA; Comprehensive Literacy State Development Grants; School Leader Recruitment and Support program; Carl D. Perkins CTE program; private school vouchers; District of Columbia private school voucher program; IDEA; HEA reauthorization; Public Service Loan Forgiveness; Teacher Quality Partnership Grants; Impact Aid; E-Rate; homework gap; transgender students; school climate and safety; community schools; school discipline guidance; educator diversity; National Teacher and Principal Survey; social & emotional learning; Personal Preparation under IDEA; school infrastructure; school funding on U.S. military installations (S. J. Res. 54)

US - Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions US - HR 2186 - Student Loan Refinancing Act US - S 1198 - Senator Paul Simon Study Abroad Program Act of 2019 US - HR 2006 US - S 1203 - What You Can Do For Your Country Act US - Senate Committee on Finance US - HR 2315 - Keep Our Pact Act US - S 1172 - Keep Our Promise to America's Children and Teachers Act US - HR 1994 - Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019 US - House Committee on Ways and Means, US - S 1203 - What You Can Do For Your Country Act US - S 752 - PREP Act of 2019 US - HR 2441 - What You Can Do For Your Country Act US - HR 1194 - Graduate Student Savings Act of 2019 US - HR 865 - Rebuild America's Schools Act of 2019 US - HR 2651 - Improving Training for School Food Service Workers Act US - HR 1593 - CLASS Act of 2019 US - HR 865 - Rebuild America's Schools Act of 2019 US - S 266 - Rebuild America's Schools Act of 2019 US - HR 2651 - Improving Training for School Food Service Workers Act US - S 1878 - Universal Child Care and Early Learning Act US - Senate Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies, US - HR 3108 - Teachers are Leaders Act of 2019 US - S 932 - Public Buildings Renewal Act of 2019 US - HR 1644 - Save the Internet Act of 2019 US - S 865 - Spill Response and Prevention Surety Act US - House Committee on Appropriations US - HR 141 - Social Security Fairness Act of 2019 US - S 1387 - Consider Teachers Act US - S 1790 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 US - HR 2218 - Stop for School Buses Act of 2019 US - HR 3351 - Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2020 US - HR 1899 - Student Loan Refinancing and Recalculation Act US - HR 3096 - Strengthening Loan Forgiveness for Public Servants Act US - S 1414 - Student Borrower Bankruptcy Relief Act of 2019 US - HR 832 - Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act of 2019 US - S 1362 - NURSE Act US - HR 6 - American Dream and Promise Act of 2019 US - HR 1878 - IDEA Full Funding Act

US - Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions US - HR 2186 - Student Loan Refinancing Act US - S 1198 - Senator Paul Simon Study Abroad Program Act of 2019 US - HR 2006 US - S 1203 - What You Can Do For Your Country Act US - Senate Committee on Finance US - HR 2315 - Keep Our Pact Act US - S 1172 - Keep Our Promise to America's Children and Teachers Act US - HR 1994 - Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019 US - House Committee on Ways and Means, US - S 1203 - What You Can Do For Your Country Act US - S 752 - PREP Act of 2019 US - HR 2441 - What You Can Do For Your Country Act US - HR 1194 - Graduate Student Savings Act of 2019 US - HR 865 - Rebuild America's Schools Act of 2019 US - HR 2651 - Improving Training for School Food Service Workers Act US - HR 1593 - CLASS Act of 2019 US - HR 865 - Rebuild America's Schools Act of 2019 US - S 266 - Rebuild America's Schools Act of 2019 US - HR 2651 - Improving Training for School Food Service Workers Act US - S 1878 - Universal Child Care and Early Learning Act US - Senate Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies, US - HR 3108 - Teachers are Leaders Act of 2019 US - S 932 - Public Buildings Renewal Act of 2019 US - HR 1644 - Save the Internet Act of 2019 US - S 865 - Spill Response and Prevention Surety Act US - House Committee on Appropriations US - HR 141 - Social Security Fairness Act of 2019 US - S 1387 - Consider Teachers Act US - S 1790 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 US - HR 2218 - Stop for School Buses Act of 2019 US - HR 3351 - Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2020 US - HR 1899 - Student Loan Refinancing and Recalculation Act US - HR 3096 - Strengthening Loan Forgiveness for Public Servants Act US - S 1414 - Student Borrower Bankruptcy Relief Act of 2019 US - HR 832 - Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act of 2019 US - S 1362 - NURSE Act US - HR 6 - American Dream and Promise Act of 2019 US - HR 1878 - IDEA Full Funding Act

US - Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions US - HR 2186 - Student Loan Refinancing Act US - S 1198 - Senator Paul Simon Study Abroad Program Act of 2019 US - HR 2006 US - S 1203 - What You Can Do For Your Country Act US - Senate Committee on Finance US - HR 2315 - Keep Our Pact Act US - S 1172 - Keep Our Promise to America's Children and Teachers Act US - HR 1994 - Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019 US - House Committee on Ways and Means, US - S 1203 - What You Can Do For Your Country Act US - S 752 - PREP Act of 2019 US - HR 2441 - What You Can Do For Your Country Act US - HR 1194 - Graduate Student Savings Act of 2019 US - HR 865 - Rebuild America's Schools Act of 2019 US - HR 2651 - Improving Training for School Food Service Workers Act US - HR 1593 - CLASS Act of 2019 US - HR 865 - Rebuild America's Schools Act of 2019 US - S 266 - Rebuild America's Schools Act of 2019 US - HR 2651 - Improving Training for School Food Service Workers Act US - S 1878 - Universal Child Care and Early Learning Act US - Senate Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies, US - HR 3108 - Teachers are Leaders Act of 2019 US - S 932 - Public Buildings Renewal Act of 2019 US - HR 1644 - Save the Internet Act of 2019 US - S 865 - Spill Response and Prevention Surety Act US - House Committee on Appropriations US - HR 141 - Social Security Fairness Act of 2019 US - S 1387 - Consider Teachers Act US - S 1790 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 US - HR 2218 - Stop for School Buses Act of 2019 US - HR 3351 - Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2020 US - HR 1899 - Student Loan Refinancing and Recalculation Act US - HR 3096 - Strengthening Loan Forgiveness for Public Servants Act US - S 1414 - Student Borrower Bankruptcy Relief Act of 2019 US - HR 832 - Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act of 2019 US - S 1362 - NURSE Act US - HR 6 - American Dream and Promise Act of 2019 US - HR 1878 - IDEA Full Funding Act

US - Tom Malinowski US - Anthony Gonzalez US - Mike Levin US - Mark DeSaulnier US - Kendra Horn US - Mark Green US - John Rose US - Denver Riggleman US - Lori Trahan US - Lauren Underwood US - Susan Wild US - Dan Meuser US - Bryan Steil US - Sharice Davids US - Ben Cline US - Jared Golden US - Mark Pocan US - Sylvia Garcia US - Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions US - Patty Murray US - Donald Norcross US - HR 2186 - Student Loan Refinancing Act US - S 1198 - Senator Paul Simon Study Abroad Program Act of 2019 US - Dick Durbin US - Donna Shalala US - Sherrod Brown US - HR 2006 US - Freddie Wilson US - Debbie Stabenow, US - Pat Roberts US - Bobby Scott US - S 1203 - What You Can Do For Your Country Act US - Kirsten Gillibrand US - Senate Committee on Finance US - Dave Joyce US - HR 2315 - Keep Our Pact Act US - S 1172 - Keep Our Promise to America's Children and Teachers Act US - Chris Van Hollen, US - Susie Lee US - Andy Levin US - Tammy Duckworth US - Mike Kelly US - Jahana Hayes US - Tim Kaine US - Elise Stefanik US - Joe Morelle US - Joe Neguse US - Steve Horsford US - Katie Porter US - Harley Rouda US - T.J. Cox US - Greg Stanton US - Antonio Delgado US - Ann Kirkpatrick US - Ed Case US - Colin Allred US - Katie Hill US - Josh Harder US - Ayanna Pressley US - Debbie Mucarsel-Powell US - Debbie Lesko US - Michael Guest US - Cindy Hyde-Smith US - Greg Steube US - Ross Spano US - Kyrsten Sinema US - Jacky Rosen US - Rick Scott US - HR 1994 - Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019 US - House Committee on Ways and Means, US - Richie Neal US - Dina Titus US - Anthony Brindisi US - Norma Torres US - Suzanne Bonamici US - John Sarbanes US - Sean Casten US - Dusty Johnson US - John Katko, US - S 1203 - What You Can Do For Your Country Act US - Rashida Tlaib US - Jim Clyburn US - Donald Payne US - Veronica Escobar US - Russ Fulcher US - S 752 - PREP Act of 2019 US - Susan Collins US - Cory Booker US - Tim Burchett US - Amy Klobuchar US - Tom Rice, US - Joe Wilson, US - Ralph Norman, US - Jeff Duncan, US - Joe Cunningham, US - William Timmons US - Anthony Brown, US - Josh Gottheimer, US - Bill Posey, US - Tony Cardenas, US - Jan Schakowsky, US - David Scott, US - Pete Stauber, US - Mary Scanlon, US - David McKinley, US - Dutch Ruppersberger, US - Marcia Fudge, US - Rosa DeLauro, US - Ron Estes, US - Alcee Hastings, US - Xochitl Torres-Small, US - Pete Aguilar, US - Susan Davis, US - Steny Hoyer, US - Abigail Spanberger, US - Lou Correa, US - Mark Takano, US - John Thune, US - Martin Heinrich, US - Bob Casey, US - Pat Toomey, US - Bernie Sanders, US - Roger Wicker, US - Mazie Hirono, US - Jeff Merkley, US - Tom Carper US - Elaine Luria US - Karen Bass US - HR 2441 - What You Can Do For Your Country Act US - John Lewis, US - Terri Sewell, US - Gwen Moore, US - Dwight Evans US - Judy Chu US - Sam Graves US - Linda Sanchez US - Mike Thompson US - Glenn Grothman US - Brian Fitzpatrick, US - HR 1194 - Graduate Student Savings Act of 2019 US - Jimmy Gomez US - Jimmy Panetta US - Dianne Feinstein, US - Catherine Cortez Masto, US - Doug Jones, US - Roy Blunt US - Chris Coons US - Grace Meng US - Tammy Baldwin US - Ed Perlmutter US - John Boozman, US - John Kennedy, US - Brett Guthrie US - Dave Loebsack US - Ron Kind US - Ron Wyden US - Pramila Jayapal US - HR 865 - Rebuild America's Schools Act of 2019 US - Stephanie Murphy US - Charlie Crist US - Pete Visclosky US - Kevin Hern US - HR 2651 - Improving Training for School Food Service Workers Act US - HR 1593 - CLASS Act of 2019 US - Marco Rubio US - Brian Schatz US - HR 865 - Rebuild America's Schools Act of 2019 US - Jennifer Wexton US - Jim Cooper US - Suzan DelBene US - S 266 - Rebuild America's Schools Act of 2019 US - Michael Bennet US - Mark Warner US - Greg Pence US - HR 2651 - Improving Training for School Food Service Workers Act US - Sheldon Whitehouse US - Jack Reed US - S 1878 - Universal Child Care and Early Learning Act US - Elizabeth Warren US - Lamar Alexander US - Virginia Foxx US - Mike Braun US - Jackie Walorski US - Senate Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies, US - Brad Schneider US - Todd Young US - HR 3108 - Teachers are Leaders Act of 2019 US - Joni Ernst US - S 932 - Public Buildings Renewal Act of 2019 US - Mike Crapo, US - Jim Risch, US - Mike Simpson US - HR 1644 - Save the Internet Act of 2019 US - S 865 - Spill Response and Prevention Surety Act US - Jeff Merkley US - Derek Kilmer US - House Committee on Appropriations US - Deb Fischer, US - Ben Sasse, US - Jeff Fortenberry, US - Don Bacon, US - Adrian Smith US - Paul Cook, US - Jackie Speier, US - Van Taylor US - HR 141 - Social Security Fairness Act of 2019 US - Rodney Davis US - Nanette Barragan US - Frank Pallone US - S 1387 - Consider Teachers Act US - S 1790 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 US - Chuck Schumer US - Gary Peters US - House Committee on Education and Labor US - Pat Leahy US - Joe Kennedy US - HR 2218 - Stop for School Buses Act of 2019 US - Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry US - HR 3351 - Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2020 US - Eleanor Norton US - Mike Bost US - HR 1899 - Student Loan Refinancing and Recalculation Act US - HR 3096 - Strengthening Loan Forgiveness for Public Servants Act US - S 1414 - Student Borrower Bankruptcy Relief Act of 2019 US - Andre Carson US - Kamala Harris, US - Brendan Boyle US - HR 832 - Whole Milk for Healthy Kids Act of 2019 US - S 1362 - NURSE Act US - Jon Tester US - HR 6 - American Dream and Promise Act of 2019 US - HR 1878 - IDEA Full Funding Act US - Cheri Bustos

S.1203/H.R. 2441, the What You Can Do For Your Country Act - to strengthen and increase transparency behind administration of the federal Public Service Loan Forgiveness program. Higher Education Reauthorization-provisions related to student loans Activity in support of preservation of the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program

Client expense: $260,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: Commerce, Dept of (DOC), Congressional Budget Office (CBO), Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), Education, Dept of, Federal Trade Commission (FTC), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Homeland Security, Dept of (DHS), Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Justice, Dept of (DOJ), Office of Personnel Management (OPM), SENATE, State, Dept of (DOS), Treasury, Dept of, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), U.S. Trade Representative (USTR), Veterans Affairs, Dept of (VA), White House Office

Public Law 116-13, Recognizing Achievement in Classified School Employees Act, Implementation H.R.865/S.266, Rebuild Americas Schools Act, Entirety H.R.1878/S.866, the IDEA Full Funding Act, Entirety H.R.2315/S.1172, Keep Our Promise to America's Children and Teachers (PACT) Act, Entirety H.R.2441/S.1203, the What You Can Do for Your Country Act, Entirety Reauthorization of the Higher Education Act, Entirety Americas College Promise Act, Entirety H.R.3512/S.867, Preventing Risky Operations from Threatening the Education and Career Trajectories of Students Act of 2019 (PROTECT Students Act), Entirety H.R.2006/S.943, College Equity Act, Entirety HR 3472/S.1947, College for All Act, Entirety S.1387, Consider Teachers Act, Entirety S.1775, Protecting Our Students and Taxpayers Act of 2019 or POST Act of 2019, Entirety Protecting Our Students by Terminating Graduate Rates that Add to Debt (POST GRAD) Act, Entirety S.1845, If its Good Enough for the banks, Its Good Enough for Students Act, Entirety Know Before You Owe Act Private Education Loan Act, Entirety Teacher loan forgiveness programs Generally monitor the following: Department of Education, Title IX Public Service Loan Forgiveness H.Res.31, Keeping guns out of classrooms S.Res.110, A resolution keeping guns out of classrooms S.568 Child Care for Working Families Act H.R.1364 Child Care for Working Families Act S. 213/H.R. 787, the SOAR Reauthorization Act Alice Cogswell and Anne Sullivan Macy Act Full-Service Community Schools in Distressed Communities Act, Community Schools

Client expense: $390,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Recognition of National Library Workers' Day HR 865- Rebuild America's Schools Act HR 2441, S 1203- What You Can Do For Your Country Act HR 1878, S 866- IDEA Full Funding Act S 1878, HR 3315- Universal Childcare Act

Client expense: $600,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SENATE

H.R. 2958, S. 1642: Increasing Access to Mental Health in Schools Act H.R. 3418: Protecting Our Students by Termination Graduate Rates that Add to Debt Act H.R. 1109, S. 1122: Mental Health Services for Students Act of 2019 H.R. 3489, S. 1204: Higher Education Mental Health Act of 2019 Higher Education Act Reauthorization S. 1203, H.R. 2441: What You Can Do for Your Country Act Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Program Negotiated Rulemaking/Accreditation Campus Sexual Assault in HEA Elementary Secondary School Safety Title IX rulemaking Higher Education/Argosy Closure H.R. 2075, S. 1013: School-Based Health Centers Reauthorization Act H.R. 2431, S. _____: Mental Health Professionals Workforce Shortage Loan Repayment Act H.R. 3417: Beneficiary Education Tools Telehealth Extender Reauthorization Act of 2019 S.1782: Improving Mental Health Access for Students Act Keeping All Students Safe Act Exclusionary School Discipline

Client expense: $280,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Behavioral Intervention Guidelines Act (H.R. 3539), Child Care for Working Families Act (H.R. 1364), Educator Preparation Reform Act (S. 969), Ending Corporal Punishment in Schools Act (H.R. 727), Expanding Access to the Workforce Through Dual Enrollment Act (H.R. 653), IDEA Full Funding Act (H.R. 1878/S. 866), Keep Our PACT Act (H.R. 2315/S. 1172), Making Education Affordable and Accessible Act (S. 718), Mental Health Services for Students Act (H.R. 1109), Mental Health Services for Students Act (S. 3337), National Assistant Principals Week resolutions (H. Res. 318/S. Res. 149), National Middle Level Education Month resolution (H. Res. 260), Preparing and Retaining Education Professionals Act (S. 752), Public Schools Week resolutions (H. Res. 254/S. Res. 126), Rebuild Americas Schools Act (H.R. 865/S. 266), Recruiting and Retaining Effective School Leaders Act (no bill #), SAFE Kids Act (H.R. 1498/S. 655), Safe Schools Improvement Act (H.R. 1957/S. 2572), School Building Improvement Act (S. 1674), Streamlining Energy Efficiency for Schools Act (H.R. 762/S. 253), Strength in Diversity Act (H.R. 2639/S. 1418), Success in the Middle Act (H.R. 3089/S. 1704), Teachers are Leaders Act (S. 235/H.R. 3108), Trauma Informed Schools Act (no bill #), What Can You Do For Your Country Act (H.R. 2441/S. 1205); and 21st Century STEM for Girls and Underrepresented Minorities Act (H.R. 1591/S. 1299); Titles I, II, and IV of ESSA; Comprehensive Literacy State Development Grants; School Leader Recruitment and Support program; Carl D. Perkins CTE program; private school vouchers; District of Columbia private school voucher program; IDEA; HEA reauthorization; Public Service Loan Forgiveness; Teacher Quality Partnership Grants; Impact Aid; E-Rate; homework gap; transgender students; school climate and safety; community schools; school discipline guidance; educator diversity; National Teacher and Principal Survey; social & emotional learning; and Personal Preparation under IDEA