Closing the Bump Stock Loophole Act of 2025

H.R. 1013/S. 424, Retirement Fairness for Charities and Educational Institutions Act of 2025 H.R. 1109, Litigation Transparency Act of 2025, and potential amendments thereto H.R. 1190/S. 577, Expanding Access to Capital for Rural Job Creators Act H.R. 1467/S. 4055, Senior Security Act of 2026 H.R. 1469, Senior Security Act of 2025 H.R. 1799, Financial Reporting Threshold Modernization Act H.R. 2225/S. 1808, Access to Small Business Investor Capital Act H.R. 2441/S. 1877, Improving Disclosure for Investors Act of 2025 H.R. 2675/S. 3180, Protecting Our Courts From Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025 H.R. 3301, ELEVATE Act of 2025 H.R. 3339, Equal Opportunity for All Investors Act of 2025 H.R. 3343, Greenlighting Growth Act of 2025 H.R. 3351, Improving Access to Small Business Information Act H.R. 3352, HALOS Act of 2025 H.R. 3381, Encouraging Public Offerings Act of 2025 H.R. 3382/S. 2924, Small Entity Update Act H.R. 3383/S. 3671, Increasing Investor Opportunities Act H.R. 3394, Fair Investment Opportunities for Professional Experts Act H.R. 3512, Tackling Predatory Litigation Funding Act H.R. 3645, ACCESS Act of 2025 H.R. 3673, Small Business Investor Capital Access Act H.R. 3682/S. 3578, Financial Stability Oversight Council Improvement Act of 2025 H.R. 3959, Protecting Private Job Creators Act H.R. 4171, Small Entrepreneurs Empowerment and Development (SEED) Act of 2025 H.R. 4429, Developing and Empowering Our Aspiring Leaders (DEAL) Act H.R. 4430, Expanding WKSI Eligibility Act H.R. 4431, Improving Capital Formation for Newcomers (ICAN) Act H.R. 5437, Protection of Lawful Commerce in Stone Slab Products Act H.R. 5484, National Flood Insurance Program Reauthorization and Reform Act of 2025 H.R. 6955, Main Street Capital Access Act H.R. 7056, Community Bank Regulatory Tailoring Act H.R. 7085, To repeal certain disclosure requirements related to conflict minerals H.R. 7127, Restoring Secondary Market Trading Act H.R. 7128, Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2026 H.R. 8286, Protecting Americans' Retirement Savings From Politics Act H.R. 8338, Safeguarding Americans Fairly Earned Retirement Act of 2026 S. 985, PROTECT USA Act S. 2934, Protecting Americans from Russian Litigation Act of 2025, and potential litigation funding issues thereunder S. 3772, Export-Import Bank Reauthorization Act of 2026 S. 3826, Litigation Funding Transparency Act of 2026 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 448, Putting Investors First Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2590, Unlocking Capital for Small Business Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2607, Improving Crowdfunding Opportunities Act, 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2622, to amend the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 to codify certain Securities and Exchange Commission no-action letters that exclude brokers and dealers compensated for certain research services from the definition of investment adviser Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2651, Regulation A+ Improvement Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2799, the Investment Opportunity Expansion Act, 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 4168/S. 2005, Mandatory Materiality Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 4767, Protecting Americans Retirement Savings from Politics Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 6623/S. 2068, Main Street Growth Act Potential legislation similar to S. 5139, Empowering Main Street in America Act (EMSAA) of 2024 Potential legislation to repeal the SECs Universal Proxy Rule of 2021 Potential legislation to amend the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to repeal certain rulemaking requirements Potential legislation, the Informed Investor Access Act, to amend the definition of accredited investor to include individuals receiving advice from certain professionals, and for other purposes Potential report language on FSOC/OFR stress test of nonbank financial institutions engaged in private credit Proposed amendment to H.R. 8800, the National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2027, to prohibit stock buybacks by certain defense contractors SEC Proposed Rule on the Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors (87 Fed. Reg. 21,334-21,473, April 11, 2022) SEC Proposed Rule on Publication or Submission of Quotations Without Specified Information (91 Fed. Reg. 13,243-13,263, March 19, 2026) SEC Proposed Rule on the Rescission of Climate-Related Disclosure Rules (91 Fed. Reg. 33,296-33,345, June 3, 2026) SEC Proposed Rule on Semiannual Reporting (91 Fed. Reg. 24,968-25,058, May 7, 2026) FSOC Proposed Interpretive Guidance on the Authority to Require Supervision and Regulation of Certain Nonbank Financial Companies (91 Fed. Reg. 15,551-15,566, March 30, 2026) Various issues relating to potential housing finance reform legislation; Basel III Endgame Rule; Export-Import Bank of the United States; implementation of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, (P.L. 119-21); proxy process and shareholder proposal system overseen by SEC; antifraud accountability; reporting metrics of American companies under the EUs Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive and Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive; index fund passivity; reform to the function of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; rulemaking regarding corporate exemptions for shareholder proposals under SEC Rule 14a-8; rulemaking regarding reform to the proxy voting advice industry at the SEC; request for comment from SEC on potential revisions to executive compensation disclosure; request for comment from SEC on potential revisions to definition of Foreign Private Issuer; SEC Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations: Regulation 13D-G (February 11, 2025); potential policy affirming materiality as the standard for corporate disclosure at the SEC; Executive Order 14366, Protecting American Investors from Foreign-Owned and Politically-Motivated Proxy Advisors; Executive Order 14330, Democratizing Access to Alternative Assets for 401(K) Investors; SEC Staff Review ADI 2025-16 on Registered Closed-End Funds of Private Funds (August 15, 2025); acquired fund fees and expenses mandate under Rule 12d1-4 (impact of AFFE on BDCs and inclusion of alternative assets in 401(K)s); potential policy from SEC on electronic delivery of investor disclosure information; capital formation policy to expand access to capital for small businesses, strengthen public markets, and increase opportunities for investors; SEC proposal for an Innovation Exemption for Tokenized Securities; oversight issues and potential legislation on third party litigation funding, including its national security implications; insurance related litigation; oversight of the federal judiciary regarding third party litigation funding

Client expense: $16,950,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), Federal Reserve System, Federal Trade Commission (FTC), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Labor, Dept of (DOL), Office of Management & Budget (OMB), Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), SENATE, Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC), Treasury, Dept of, U.S. Trade Representative (USTR)

Lobbied in support of gun control legislation, specifically in H.R. 1674/S.803: Keep Americans Safe Act; H.R. 2368: Raise the Age Act of 2025; H.R. 1456: Gun Trafficker Detection Act; H.R. 2105/S.1076: Preventing Illegal Weapons Trafficking Act; H.R. 923/S.367: Stop Arming Cartels Act; H.R. 532/S.123: Handgun Permit to Purchase Act; H.R. 169: Prevent Family Fire Act of 2024; H.R. 1097/S.468: SECURE Firearm Storage Act; H.R. 1272: Secure Storage Information Act; H.R. 1564/S.726: Ethans Law; H.R. 1987/S.926: Saving Our Veterans Lives Act; S. 597: Under 21 Act; S. 889: Extreme Risk Protection Order Expansion Act of 2025; H.R. 1307/S.595: Office of Gun Violence Prevention Act of 2025; H.R. 2618/S. 1294: Federal Firearms Licensee Act; H.R. 2698: Bolstering Security Against Ghost Guns; H.R. 4270: Multiple Firearm Sales Reporting Modernization Act; H.R. 3823: TRACE Act; H.R. 4227/S. 2191: Ammunition Modernization and Monitoring Oversight (AMMO) Act; H.R. 18: Bipartisan Background Checks Act; H.R. 3868: Enhanced Background Checks Act of 2025; H.R. 4174/S.2188: ATF DATA Act; H.R. 4173/S. 2186: Preventing Pretrial Gun Purchases Act; H.R. 3039: PROSPER Act of 2025; H.R. 3945/S.2088: Firearm Destruction Licensure Act of 2025; H.R. 3115/S.1531: Assault Weapons Ban of 2025; H.R.2790/S.1370: GOSAFE Act; H.R. 3740/S.1955: Equal Access to Justice for Victims of Gun Violence Act; H.R. 4143/S.2165: 3D Printed Gun Safety Act of 2025; S.2156: MASS Act; S.2155: Keeping Gun Dealers Honest Act of 2025; S.2154: Protecting Kids from Gun Marketing Act; H.R. 10384: RRLEF Act of 2024; H.R. 2799: Closing the Bump Stock Loophole Act of 2025; H.R. 2648: Secure Background Checks Act of 2025; H.R. 2649: STOP Violence Act of 2025; S. 1374: BUMP Act; H.R. 4261/S.2158: Stopping the Fraudulent Sales of Firearms Act; H.R. 4198/S. 2192: Clean Hands Firearm Procurement Act; H.R. 5306: Gun Suicide Prevention Act of 2025; H.R. 4152: Safe Storage Saves Lives Act; H.R. 5099: SAFES Act; H.R. 3968: School Violence Prevention Act; H.R. 4882: Gun Safety Board and Research Act; H.R. 4918: Advancing Gun Safety Technology Act; H.R. 2948: Safer Neighborhoods Gun Buyback Act of 2025; H.R. 4103/S. 2203: Break the Cycle of Violence Act; H.R. 4883: Local Gun Violence Reduction Act; S. 2514: Gun Violence Prevention Research Act of 2025; H.R. 6127/S. 3212: AIM Act; H.R. 6223/S. 3289: Crime Gun Tracing Modernization Act of 2025; H.R. 6743: Medicare Investment and Gun Violence Prevention Act; H.R. 5453/S. 2863: RRLEF ACT (Responsible Retirement of Law Enforcement Firearms Act of 2025); H.R. 3458: Background Check Completion Act of 2025; H.R. 7170/S. 3883: Language Access to Gun Violence Prevention Strategies Act of 2026; H.R. 7827/S. 4015: Stop Militarizing Our Streets Act of 2026; H.R. 7500: Responsible Firearms Marketing Act; H.R. 7135: Prevent Illegal Gun Resales Act; H.R. 7564/S. 3873: Jaimes Law; H.R. 8694: Assault Weapon Financing Accountability Act; H.R. 7599: Federal Extreme Risk Protection Order Act; H.R. 9003: Keep Illegal Handguns Out of the Mail Act; H.R. 9122: Defective Firearms Protection Act; H.R. 9274: Gun Violence Prevention and Public Safety Database Act of 2026; H.R. 7591: Secure Firearm Storage and Suicide Prevention Act of 2026; H.R. 8619: Kimberly Vaughan Firearm Safe Storage Act; S.4121: Vote Without Fear Act; and H.Res. 684: Expressing support for the designation of September 9, 2025, as "National Firearm Suicide Prevention Day" to educate about the growing firearm suicide crisis in the United States and promote the importance of storing firearms safely and securely as an essential component of suicide prevention. Lobbied in opposition to H.R. 38/S.65: Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act; H.R. 496: Veterans 2nd Amendment Restoration Act of 2025; H.R. 1041/S.478: Veterans 2nd Amendment Protection Act; H.R. 962: Defending Veterans Second Amendment Rights Act; H.R. 2243/S.679: LEOSA Reform Act; H.R. 404/S.364: Hearing Protection Act; H.R. 472: Restore VA Accountability Act of 2025; H.R. 60: Knife Owners Protection Act of 2025; H.R. 2255: Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act; provisions related to lowering taxes on certain National Firearms Act devices in H.R. 1: the One Big Beautiful Bill Act; H.R. 2189: Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act of 2025; S. 1283: Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization Act; H.R. 2060/S. 966: Travelers Gun Rights Act; H.R. 4242: Innovate Less Lethal to De-Escalate Tax Modernization Act; H.R. 3770/S. 1992: FIREARM Act; H.R. 1181/S. 1715: Protecting Privacy in Purchases Act; limitations on the Dept. of Veterans Affairs' transmission of certain beneficiary information to the National Instant Criminal Background Checks System in H.R. 3944: Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act 2026; and S. 3514: Less Than Lethal Act.

H.R. 1013/S. 424, Retirement Fairness for Charities and Educational Institutions Act of 2025 H.R. 1109, Litigation Transparency Act of 2025, and potential amendments thereto H.R. 1190/S. 577, Expanding Access to Capital for Rural Job Creators Act H.R. 1799, Financial Reporting Threshold Modernization Act H.R. 2225/S. 1808, Access to Small Business Investor Capital Act H.R. 2441/S. 1877, Improving Disclosure for Investors Act of 2025 H.R. 2675/S. 3180, Protecting Our Courts From Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025 H.R. 3301, ELEVATE Act of 2025 H.R. 3339, Equal Opportunity for All Investors Act of 2025 H.R. 3343, Greenlighting Growth Act of 2025 H.R. 3351, Improving Access to Small Business Information Act H.R. 3352, HALOS Act of 2025 H.R. 3381, Encouraging Public Offerings Act of 2025 H.R. 3382/S. 2924, Small Entity Update Act H.R. 3383/S. 3671, Increasing Investor Opportunities Act H.R. 3394, Fair Investment Opportunities for Professional Experts Act H.R. 3645, ACCESS Act of 2025 H.R. 3673, Small Business Investor Capital Access Act H.R. 3682/S. 3578, Financial Stability Oversight Council Improvement Act of 2025 H.R. 3959, Protecting Private Job Creators Act H.R. 4171, Small Entrepreneurs Empowerment and Development (SEED) Act of 2025 H.R. 4429, Developing and Empowering Our Aspiring Leaders (DEAL) Act H.R. 4430, Expanding WKSI Eligibility Act H.R. 4431, Improving Capital Formation for Newcomers (ICAN) Act H.R. 6955, Main Street Capital Access Act H.R. 7056, Community Bank Regulatory Tailoring Act H.R. 7085, to repeal certain disclosure requirements related to conflict minerals H.R. 7127, Restoring Secondary Market Trading Act H.R. 7128, Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2026 S. 985, PROTECT USA Act S. 2934, Protecting Americans from Russian Litigation Act of 2025, and potential litigation funding issues thereunder S. 3826, Litigation Funding Transparency Act of 2026 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 448, Putting Investors First Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2590, Unlocking Capital for Small Business Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2607, Improving Crowdfunding Opportunities Act, 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2622, to amend the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 to codify certain Securities and Exchange Commission no-action letters that exclude brokers and dealers compensated for certain research services from the definition of investment adviser Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2651, Regulation A+ Improvement Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2799, the Investment Opportunity Expansion Act, 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 4168/S. 2005, Mandatory Materiality Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 4767, Protecting Americans Retirement Savings from Politics Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 6623/S. 2068, Main Street Growth Act Potential legislation similar to S. 5139, Empowering Main Street in America Act (EMSAA) of 2024 Potential legislation to repeal the SECs Universal Proxy Rule of 2021 Potential legislation to amend the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to repeal certain rulemaking requirements Potential legislation to prevent the premature seizure of an individuals securities, digital assets, or investment accounts in the custody of a financial institution under State escheatment laws, and for other purposes Potential legislation to amend the definition of accredited investor to include individuals receiving advice from certain professionals, and for other purposes SEC Proposed Rule on the Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors (87 Fed. Reg. 21,334-21,473, April 11, 2022) Various issues relating to potential housing finance reform legislation; Basel III Endgame Rule; issues related to the Export-Import Bank of the United States; European Unions (EU) Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD); reauthorization of the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation; implementation of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, (P.L. 119-21); implementation of Disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions" (P.L. No: 119-10); implementation of A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications" (P.L. No: 119-11); proxy process and shareholder proposal system overseen by SEC; proxy process, proxy advisory firms, and other related aspects of corporate governance; FSOC Nonbank Guidance - request to restore the 2019 Guidance (July 14, 2025, letter to Treasury); reporting metrics of American companies under the EUs Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive and Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive; index fund passivity; reform to the function of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; rulemaking regarding corporate exemptions for shareholder proposals under SEC Rule 14a-8; rulemaking regarding reform to the proxy voting advice industry at the SEC; request for comment from SEC on potential revisions to executive compensation disclosure; request for comment from SEC on potential revisions to definition of Foreign Private Issuer; SEC Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations: Regulation 13D-G (February 11, 2025); potential policy affirming materiality as the standard for corporate disclosure at the SEC; Executive Order 14366, Protecting American Investors from Foreign-Owned and Politically-Motivated Proxy Advisors; Executive Order 14330, Democratizing Access to Alternative Assets for 401(K) Investors; SEC Staff Review ADI 2025-16 on Registered Closed-End Funds of Private Funds (August 15, 2025); acquired fund fees and expenses mandate under Rule 12d1-4 (impact of AFFE on BDCs and inclusion of alternative assets in 401(K)s); potential policy from SEC on electronic delivery of investor disclosure information; capital formation policy to expand access to capital for small businesses, strengthen public markets, and increase opportunities for investors; oversight issues and potential legislation on third party litigation funding, including its national security implications; insurance related litigation; oversight of the federal judiciary regarding third party litigation funding

H.R. 1013/S. 424, Retirement Fairness for Charities and Educational Institutions Act of 2025 H.R. 1109, Litigation Transparency Act of 2025, and potential amendments thereto H.R. 1190/S. 577, Expanding Access to Capital for Rural Job Creators Act H.R. 1799, Financial Reporting Threshold Modernization Act H.R. 2225/S. 1808, Access to Small Business Investor Capital Act H.R. 2441/S. 1877, Improving Disclosure for Investors Act of 2025 H.R. 2675/S. 3180, Protecting Our Courts From Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025 H.R. 3301, ELEVATE Act of 2025 H.R. 3339, Equal Opportunity for All Investors Act of 2025 H.R. 3343, Greenlighting Growth Act of 2025 H.R. 3351, Improving Access to Small Business Information Act H.R. 3352, HALOS Act of 2025 H.R. 3381, Encouraging Public Offerings Act of 2025 H.R. 3382/S. 2924, Small Entity Update Act H.R. 3383/S. 3671, Increasing Investor Opportunities Act H.R. 3394, Fair Investment Opportunities for Professional Experts Act H.R. 3645, ACCESS Act of 2025 H.R. 3673, Small Business Investor Capital Access Act H.R. 3682/S. 3578, Financial Stability Oversight Council Improvement Act of 2025 H.R. 3959, Protecting Private Job Creators Act H.R. 4171, Small Entrepreneurs Empowerment and Development (SEED) Act of 2025 H.R. 4429, Developing and Empowering Our Aspiring Leaders (DEAL) Act H.R. 4430, Expanding WKSI Eligibility Act H.R. 4431, Improving Capital Formation for Newcomers (ICAN) Act H.R. 6955, Main Street Capital Access Act H.R. 7056, Community Bank Regulatory Tailoring Act H.R. 7085, to repeal certain disclosure requirements related to conflict minerals H.R. 7127, Restoring Secondary Market Trading Act H.R. 7128, Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2026 S. 985, PROTECT USA Act S. 2934, Protecting Americans from Russian Litigation Act of 2025, and potential litigation funding issues thereunder S. 3826, Litigation Funding Transparency Act of 2026 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 448, Putting Investors First Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2590, Unlocking Capital for Small Business Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2607, Improving Crowdfunding Opportunities Act, 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2622, to amend the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 to codify certain Securities and Exchange Commission no-action letters that exclude brokers and dealers compensated for certain research services from the definition of investment adviser Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2651, Regulation A+ Improvement Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2799, the Investment Opportunity Expansion Act, 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 4168/S. 2005, Mandatory Materiality Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 4767, Protecting Americans Retirement Savings from Politics Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 6623/S. 2068, Main Street Growth Act Potential legislation similar to S. 5139, Empowering Main Street in America Act (EMSAA) of 2024 Potential legislation to repeal the SECs Universal Proxy Rule of 2021 Potential legislation to amend the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to repeal certain rulemaking requirements Potential legislation to prevent the premature seizure of an individuals securities, digital assets, or investment accounts in the custody of a financial institution under State escheatment laws, and for other purposes Potential legislation to amend the definition of accredited investor to include individuals receiving advice from certain professionals, and for other purposes SEC Proposed Rule on the Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors (87 Fed. Reg. 21,334-21,473, April 11, 2022) Various issues relating to potential housing finance reform legislation; Basel III Endgame Rule; issues related to the Export-Import Bank of the United States; European Unions (EU) Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD); reauthorization of the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation; implementation of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, (P.L. 119-21); implementation of Disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions" (P.L. No: 119-10); implementation of A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications" (P.L. No: 119-11); proxy process and shareholder proposal system overseen by SEC; proxy process, proxy advisory firms, and other related aspects of corporate governance; FSOC Nonbank Guidance - request to restore the 2019 Guidance (July 14, 2025, letter to Treasury); reporting metrics of American companies under the EUs Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive and Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive; index fund passivity; reform to the function of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; rulemaking regarding corporate exemptions for shareholder proposals under SEC Rule 14a-8; rulemaking regarding reform to the proxy voting advice industry at the SEC; request for comment from SEC on potential revisions to executive compensation disclosure; request for comment from SEC on potential revisions to definition of Foreign Private Issuer; SEC Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations: Regulation 13D-G (February 11, 2025); potential policy affirming materiality as the standard for corporate disclosure at the SEC; Executive Order 14366, Protecting American Investors from Foreign-Owned and Politically-Motivated Proxy Advisors; Executive Order 14330, Democratizing Access to Alternative Assets for 401(K) Investors; SEC Staff Review ADI 2025-16 on Registered Closed-End Funds of Private Funds (August 15, 2025); acquired fund fees and expenses mandate under Rule 12d1-4 (impact of AFFE on BDCs and inclusion of alternative assets in 401(K)s); potential policy from SEC on electronic delivery of investor disclosure information; capital formation policy to expand access to capital for small businesses, strengthen public markets, and increase opportunities for investors; oversight issues and potential legislation on third party litigation funding, including its national security implications; insurance related litigation; oversight of the federal judiciary regarding third party litigation funding

Advocacy of greater use of ignition interlock devices to prevent drunk driving and drunk driving-related fatalities. Work with federal agencies in order to encourage states to pass strong ignition interlock laws, including implementation of relevant provisions in FAST Act and drunk driving prevention sections of the Invest in America Act. H.R. 2799 End Driving While Intoxicated Act of 2025

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $60,000

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SENATE

The National Association for Gun Rights advocates on behalf of gun owners for pro-Second Amendment related public policy issues including but not limited to the following subject areas and their respective executive departments/agencies and legislative committees: Firearms, ammunition, accessories, right to possess purchase own and carry, background checks, mental health, NICS, registration requirements/databases, federal gun free zones, NFA of 1934, GCA of 1968, gun related Executive Orders, actions, nominations or treaties, 1st and 4th amendment protections for gun owners, and related appropriations. In each case, NAGR opposes gun control and supports removing restrictions on the right to bear arms. Legislation before the 119th Congress that NAGR is actively following and lobbying on may include, but is not limited to: House Bills and Resolutions: H.R. 38, H.R. 45, H.R. 60, H.R. 129, H.R. 169, H.R. 221, H.R. 223, H.R. 335, H.R. 373, H.R. 404, H.R. 454, H.R. 496, H.R. 532, H.R. 543, H.R. 544, H.R. 556, H.R. 563, H.R. 607, H.R. 613, H.R. 624, H.R. 631, H.R. 645, H.R. 850, H.R. 943, H.R. 962, H.R. 1041, H.R. 1097, H.R. 1181, H.R. 1224, H.R. 1272, H.R. 1307, H.R. 1456, H.R. 1564, H.R. 1643, H.R. 1698, H.R. 1740, H.R. 2039, H.R. 2060, H.R. 2070, H.R. 2184, H.R. 2189, H.R. 2243, H.R. 2255, H.R. 2267, H.R. 2368, H.R. 2395, H.R. 2442, H.R. 2552, H.R. 2618, H.R. 2648, H.R. 2650, H.R. 2790, H.R. 2799, H.R. 2826, H.R. 2915, H.R. 2930, H.R. 3033, H.R. 3034, H.R. 3129, H.R. 3228, H.R. 18, H.R. 2649, H.R. 2698, H.R. 2837, H.R. 2948, H.R. 3039, H.R. 3115, H.R. 3373, H.R. 3740, H.R. 3770, H.R. 3823, H.R. 3868, H.R. 3945, H.R. 3998, H.R. 4064, H.R. 4103, H.R. 4106, H.R. 4111, H.R. 4143, H.R. 4152, H.R. 4173, H.R. 4174, H.R. 4198, H.R. 4220, H.R. 4221, H.R. 4222, H.R. 4223, H.R. 4224, H.R. 4225, H.R. 4227, H.R. 4251, H.R. 4252, H.R. 4261, H.R. 4270, H.R. 4474, H.R. 4546, H.R. 4487, H.R. 4676, H.R. 4821, H.R. 4882, H.R. 4918, H.R. 4991, H.R. 5306, H.R. 5453, H.R. 5672, H.R. 5622, H.R. 5874, H.R. 6035, H.R. 6223, H.R. 6258, H.R. 6769, H.R. 6743, H.R. 6938, H.R. 6965, H.R. 7133, H.R. 7134, H.R. 7135, H.R. 7166, H.R. 7170, H.R. 7171, H.R. 7499, H.R. 7500, H.R. 7564, H.R. 7591, H.R. 7678, H.R. 7698, H.R. 7699, H.R. 7827, H.R. 7935, H.R. 7965, H.R. 8059 Senate Bills and Resolutions: S. 65, S. 89, S. 119, S. 123, S. 137, S. 345, S. 364, S. 468, S. 597, S. 726, S. 889, S. 961, S. 1039, S. 1162, S. 1169, S. 1224, S. 1294, S. 1307, S. 1370, S. 1374, S. 1436, S. 1466, S. 1531, S. 1715, S. 1922, S. 1955, S. 2088, S. 2154, S. 2155, S. 2156, S. 2157, S. 2158, S. 2165, S. 2186, S. 2188, S. 2191, S. 2192, S. 2514, S. 2562, S. 2813, S. 2993, S. 3085, S. 3214, S. 3256, S. 3289, S. 3458, S. 3514, S. 3512, S. 3544, S. 3883, S. 3882, S. 3873, S. 3875, S. 3916, S. 3946, S. 3945, S. 4013, S. 4015, S. 4121 Non-legislative issues lobbied before Congress, the BATFE, Executive Office of the President, but not limited to: The ATF and Justice Department rulemaking on AR and AK pistol braces. We are opposed to their rulemaking. The UN Small Arms Treaty. We are opposed to the UN ATT and support the United States removing its signature. We are oppose to the ATF rule on Stabilizing Braces and the ATF rule redefining gun merchants.

Lobbied in support of gun control legislation, specifically in H.R. 1674/S.803: Keep Americans Safe Act; H.R. 2368: Raise the Age Act of 2025; H.R. 1456: Gun Trafficker Detection Act; H.R. 2105/S.1076: Preventing Illegal Weapons Trafficking Act; H.R. 923/S.367: Stop Arming Cartels Act; H.R. 532/S.123: Handgun Permit to Purchase Act; H.R. 169: Prevent Family Fire Act of 2024; H.R. 1097/S.468: SECURE Firearm Storage Act; H.R. 1272: Secure Storage Information Act; H.R. 1564/S.726: Ethans Law; H.R. 1987/S.926: Saving Our Veterans Lives Act; S. 597: Under 21 Act; S. 889: Extreme Risk Protection Order Expansion Act of 2025; H.R. 1307/S.595: Office of Gun Violence Prevention Act of 2025; H.R. 2618/S. 1294: Federal Firearms Licensee Act; H.R. 2698: Bolstering Security Against Ghost Guns; H.R. 4270: Multiple Firearm Sales Reporting Modernization Act; H.R. 3823: TRACE Act; H.R. 4227/S. 2191: Ammunition Modernization and Monitoring Oversight (AMMO) Act; H.R. 18: Bipartisan Background Checks Act; H.R. 3868: Enhanced Background Checks Act of 2025; H.R. 4174/S.2188: ATF DATA Act; H.R. 4173/S. 2186: Preventing Pretrial Gun Purchases Act; H.R. 3039: PROSPER Act of 2025; H.R. 3945/S.2088: Firearm Destruction Licensure Act of 2025; H.R. 3115/S.1531: Assault Weapons Ban of 2025; H.R.2790/S.1370: GOSAFE Act; H.R. 3740/S.1955: Equal Access to Justice for Victims of Gun Violence Act; H.R. 4143/S.2165: 3D Printed Gun Safety Act of 2025; S.2156: MASS Act; S.2155: Keeping Gun Dealers Honest Act of 2025; S.2154: Protecting Kids from Gun Marketing Act; H.R. 10384: RRLEF Act of 2024; H.R. 2799: Closing the Bump Stock Loophole Act of 2025; H.R. 2648: Secure Background Checks Act of 2025; H.R. 2649: STOP Violence Act of 2025; S. 1374: BUMP Act; H.R. 4261/S.2158: Stopping the Fraudulent Sales of Firearms Act; H.R. 4198/S. 2192: Clean Hands Firearm Procurement Act; H.R. 5306: Gun Suicide Prevention Act of 2025; H.R. 4152: Safe Storage Saves Lives Act; H.R. 5099: SAFES Act; H.R. 3968: School Violence Prevention Act; H.R. 4882: Gun Safety Board and Research Act; H.R. 4918: Advancing Gun Safety Technology Act; H.R. 2948: Safer Neighborhoods Gun Buyback Act of 2025; H.R. 4103/S. 2203: Break the Cycle of Violence Act; H.R. 4883: Local Gun Violence Reduction Act; S. 2514: Gun Violence Prevention Research Act of 2025; H.R. 6127/S. 3212: AIM Act; H.R. 6223/S. 3289: Crime Gun Tracing Modernization Act of 2025; H.R. 6743: Medicare Investment and Gun Violence Prevention Act; H.R. 5453/S. 2863: RRLEF ACT (Responsible Retirement of Law Enforcement Firearms Act of 2025); H.R. 3458: Background Check Completion Act of 2025; H.R. 7170/S. 3883: Language Access to Gun Violence Prevention Strategies Act of 2026; H.R. 7827: Stop Militarizing Our Streets Act of 2026; H.R. 7500: Responsible Firearms Marketing Act; H.R. 7135: Prevent Illegal Gun Resales Act; and S. 3873: Jaimes Law. Lobbied in opposition to H.R. 38/S.65: Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act; H.R. 496: Veterans 2nd Amendment Restoration Act of 2025; H.R. 1041/S.478: Veterans 2nd Amendment Protection Act; H.R. 962: Defending Veterans Second Amendment Rights Act; H.R. 2243/S.679: LEOSA Reform Act; H.R. 404/S.364: Hearing Protection Act; H.R. 472: Restore VA Accountability Act of 2025; H.R. 60: Knife Owners Protection Act of 2025; H.R. 2255: Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act; provisions related to lowering taxes on certain National Firearms Act devices in H.R. 1: the One Big Beautiful Bill Act; H.R. 2189: Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act of 2025; S. 1283: Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization Act; H.R. 2060/S. 966: Travelers Gun Rights Act; H.R. 4242: Innovate Less Lethal to De-Escalate Tax Modernization Act; H.R. 3770/S. 1992: FIREARM Act; H.R. 1181/S. 1715: Protecting Privacy in Purchases Act; limitations on the Dept. of Veterans Affairs' transmission of certain beneficiary information to the National Instant Criminal Background Checks System in H.R. 3944: Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act 2026; and S. 3514: Less Than Lethal Act.

H.R. 1 - One Big Beautiful Bill Act H.R. 18 - Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2025 H.R. 22 - SAVE Act H.R. 25 - FairTax Act of 2025 H.R. 38 - Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act of 2025 H.R. 45 - FIND Act H.R. 70 - No SmartPay for Anti-2A Companies Act H.R. 129 - Abolish the ATF Act (Boebert) H.R. 160 - Restoring Faith in Elections Act H.R. 169 - Prevent Family Fire Act of 2025 H.R. 221 - Abolish the ATF Act (Burlison) H.R. 223 - Preventing Unjust Red Flag Laws Act of 2025 H.R. 335 - Repeal the NFA Act H.R. 350 - Prosecutors Need to Prosecute Act H.R. 373 - SAGA Act H.R. 404 - Hearing Protection Act H.R. 454 - Safe Bases Act of 2025 H.R. 496 - Veterans 2nd Amendment Restoration Act of 2025 H.R. 532 - Handgun Permit to Purchase Act H.R. 543 - Iron Pipeline Review Act H.R. 544 - To provide a private right of action against the maker of any component of a ghost gun, and any person who facilitated a sale of the ghost gun, for injury or death resulting from the use of the ghost gun H.R. 545 - To direct the Attorney General to conduct a study on the efficacy of extreme risk protection orders on reducing gun violence H.R. 563 - No REGISTRY Rights Act H.R. 607 - ATF Accountability Act of 2025 H.R. 613 - ATF Transparency Act H.R. 624 - RIFLE Act of 2025 H.R. 631 - PARTS Act of 2025 H.R. 645 - National Constitutional Carry Act H.R. 850 - Silencers Help Us Save Hearing (SHUSH) Act H.R. 923 - Stop Arming Cartels Act of 2025 H.R. 943 - No User Fees for Gun Owners Act H.R. 962 - Defending Veterans Second Amendment Rights Act H.R. 1041 - Veterans 2nd Amendment Protection Act H.R. 1097 - SECURE Firearm Storage Act H.R. 1111 - Department of Peacebuilding Act of 2025 H.R. 1181 - Protecting Privacy in Purchases Act H.R. 1224 - Protecting the Second Amendment in Financial Services Act H.R. 1272 - Secure Storage Information Act of 2025 H.R. 1299 - EAGLES Act of 2025 H.R. 1307 - Office of Gun Violence Prevention Act of 2025 H.R. 1456 - Gun Trafficker Detection Act H.R. 1564 - To amend chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, to require the safe storage of firearms, and for other purposes. H.R. 1643 - SAFER Voter Act H.R. 1674 - Keep Americans Safe Act H.R. 1698 - Law Enforcement Protection and Privacy Act of 2025 H.R. 1740 - Default Proceed Sale Transparency Act H.R. 1749 - Safe Storage Lockers for House Office Buildings Act H.R. 1773 - Federal Firearms Licensee Protection Act of 2025 H.R. 1907 - Defense Against Drones Act of 2025 H.R. 1968 - Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 H.R. 1987 - To amend title 38, United States Code, to direct the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to establish a program to furnish to certain individuals items used for the secure storage of firearms, and for other purposes. H.R. 2039 - Protecting the Right to Keep and Bear Arms Act of 2025 H.R. 2060 - Travelers Gun Rights Act H.R. 2070 - Protect Our Military Families 2nd Amendment Rights Act H.R. 2105 - Preventing Illegal Weapons Trafficking Act of 2025 H.R. 2184 - Firearm Due Process Protection Act H.R. 2189 - Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act of 2025 H.R. 2243 - LEOSA Reform Act of 2025 H.R. 2255 - Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act H.R. 2267 - NICS Data Reporting Act H.R. 2368 - Raise the Age Act of 2025 H.R. 2395 - SHORT Act H.R. 2442 - Freedom from Unfair Gun Taxes Act of 2025 H.R. 2531 - Workplace Violence Prevention for Health Care and Social Service Workers Act H.R. 2552 - RIFLE Act H.R. 2577 - PLAN for School Safety Act of 2025 H.R. 2618 - Federal Firearm Licensee Act H.R. 2618 - To modernize the business of selling firearms. H.R. 2648 - Secure Background Checks Act of 2025 H.R. 2648 - To amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit a person who fails to meet age and residential requirements from shipping, transporting, possessing, or receiving firearms and ammunition, to increase the penalties for transfer of a firearm to any person who is under indictment H.R. 2650 - End Gun Violence Act of 2025 H.R. 2650 - To amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit the sale or other disposition of any firearm or ammunition to any person who has been convicted of a violent misdemeanor H.R. 2698 - To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to direct the Department of Homeland Security to bolster security against threats posed by ghost guns H.R. 2790 - GOSAFE Act H.R. 2799 - Closing the Bump Stock Loophole Act of 2025 H.R. 3034 - NFA SBS Act H.R. 3111 - Fresh Start Act of 2025 H.R. 3115 - Assault Weapons Ban of 2025 H.R. 3228 - Constitutional Hearing Protection Act H.R. 3770 - FIREARM Act H.R. 3823 - TRACE Act H.R. 3868 - Enhanced Background Checks Act of 2025 H.R. 3944 - Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 H.R. 3945 - Firearm Destruction Licensure Act of 2025 H.R. 4106 - Prevent Illegal Gun Sales Act H.R. 4111 - MASS Act H.R. 4143 - 3D Printed Gun Safety Act of 2025 H.R. 4173 - Preventing Pretrial Gun Purchases Act H.R. 4174 - ATF DATA Act H.R. 4213 - Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2026 H.R. 4220 - Gun Violence Prevention Through Financial Intelligence Act H.R. 4223 - Gun Records Restoration and Preservation Act H.R. 4224 - Background Check Point of Contact Act of 2025 H.R. 4225 - Protect Children Through Safe Gun Ownership Act H.R. 4227 - AMMO Act H.R. 4242 - Innovate Less Lethal to De-Escalate Tax Modernization Act H.R. 4252 - Extreme Risk Protection Order Expansion Act of 2025 H.R. 4474 - Equal Shot Act of 2025 H.R. 4487 - Gun Safety Incentive Act H.R. 4546 - FIRE Act H.R. 4676 - Modern Firearm Safety Act H.R. 4688 - COOL OFF Act H.R. 4788 - To require the District of Columbia to permit Members of Congress who have a valid license or permit which is issued pursuant to the law of a State which permits the Member to carry a concealed firearm, or who is otherwise entitled to carry a concealed firearm in the State in which the Member resides, to carry a concealed firearm in the District of Columbia H.R. 4821 - Gun Violence Prevention Research Act of 2025 H.R. 4882 - Gun Safety Board and Research Act H.R. 4918 - Advancing Gun Safety Technology Act H.R. 4991 - Disarming Felons Act H.R. 5099 - SAFES Act H.R. 5342 - Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 H.R. 5453 - RRLEF Act of 2025 H.R. 5622 - National Gun Violence Research Act of 2025 H.R. 5672 - Reducing Unnecessary Slowdowns in Handling Act H.R. 5874 - Firearm Access During Shutdowns Act H.R. 6035 - Second Amendment Restoration Act of 2025 H.R. 6127 - AIM Act H.R. 6223 - Crime Gun Tracing Modernization Act of 2025 H.R. 6258 - Disarm Hate Act H.R. 6268 - LEAD Act of 2025 H.R. 6736 - ARMAS Act of 2025 H.R .6743 - Medicare Investment and Gun Violence Prevention Act H.Res. 837 - Expressing the sense of the House of Representatives regarding the relationship between firearm violence and intimate partner violence and for other purposes H.Res. 835 - Declaring gun violence a public health crisis S. 65 - Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act of 2025 S. 89 - Sporting Firearms Access Act of 2025 S. 119 - No Retaining Every Gun In a System That Restricts Your Rights Act S. 123 - Handgun Permit to Purchase Act S. 137 - FIND Act S. 234 - Prosecutors Need to Prosecute Act of 2025 S. 345 - SHUSH Act S. 364 - Hearing Protection Act S. 367 - Stop Arming Cartels Act of 2025 S. 468 - SECURE Firearm Storage Act S. 478 - Veterans 2nd Amendment Protection Act of 2025 S. 560 - EAGLES Act of 2025 S. 595 - Office of Gun Violence Prevention Act of 2025 S. 597 - Age 21 Act S. 679 - LEOSA Reform Act S. 726 - Ethan's Law S. 803 - Keep Americans Safe Act S. 884 - ATF Transparency Act S. 889 - Extreme Risk Protection Order Expansion Act of 2025 S. 926 - A bill to amend title 38, United States Code, to direct the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to establish a program to furnish to certain veterans items used for the secure storage of firearms, and for other purposes. S. 961 - Protect Our Military Families 2nd Amendment Rights Act S. 966 - Traveler's Gun Rights Act S. 1039 - PARTS Act S. 1162 - Stop Harassing Owners of Rifles Today (SHORT) Act S. 1169 - A bill to prohibit State excise taxes on firearms and ammunition manufacturers and dealers. S. 1224 - A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to repeal the firearm transfer tax, and for other purposes. S. 1224 - RIFLE Act S. 1283 - A bill to modernize Federal firearms laws to account for advancements in technology and less-than-lethal weapons, and for other purposes. S. 1283 - Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization Act S. 1294 - A bill to modernize the business of selling firearms. S. 1294 - Federal Firearm Licensee Act S. 1307 - A bill to allow certain qualified law enforcement officers and retired law enforcement officers to carry concealed firearms to protect children in school zones. S. 1307 - Police Officers Protecting Children Act S. 1370 - GOSAFE Act S. 1374 - BUMP Act S. 1531 - Assault Weapons Ban of 2025 S. 1652 - Protecting Communities and Preserving the Second Amendment Act of 2025 S. 2088 - Firearm Destruction Licensure Act of 2025 S. 2155 - Keeping Gun Dealers Honest Act of 2025 S. 2156 - MASS Act S. 2157 - Gun Violence Prevention Through Financial Intelligence Act S. 2165 - 3D Printed Gun Safety Act of 2025 S. 2186 - Preventing Pretrial Gun Purchases Act S. 2188 - ATF DATA Act S. 2191 - AMMO Act S. 2296 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026 S. 2354 - Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 S. 2514 - Gun Violence Prevention Research Act of 2025 S. 2562 - Equal Shot Act of 2025 S. 2813 - FIRE Act S. 2863 - RRLEF Act of 2025 S. 3085 - Firearm Access During Shutdowns Act of 2025 S. 3212 - AIM Act S. 3214 - Background Check Expansion Act S. 3256 - Disarm Hate Act S. 3289 - Crime Gun Tracing Modernization Act of 2025 S. 3458 - Background Check Completion Act of 2025 S. 3508 - ARMAS Act of 2025 S. 3512 - Medicare Investment and Gun Violence Prevention Act S. 3544 - Federal Firearm Licensing Act

H.R. 145, Risk Disclosure and Investor Attestation Act H.R. 654, Taking Account of Bureaucrats Spending (TABS) Act of 2025 H.R. 1013/S. 424, Retirement Fairness for Charities and Educational Institutions Act of 2025 H.R. 1109, Litigation Transparency Act of 2025 H.R. 1190/S. 577, Expanding Access to Capital for Rural Job Creators Act H.R. 1827/S. 847, Child Care Availability and Affordability Act H.R. 1900, Bank Failure Prevention Act of 2025 H.R. 2225/S. 1808, Access to Small Business Investor Capital Act H.R. 2441/S. 1877, Improving Disclosure for Investors Act of 2025 H.R. 2675/S. 3180, Protecting Our Courts From Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025 H.R. 2702/S. 875, Financial Integrity and Regulation Management (FIRM) Act H.R. 3230, Financial Institution Regulatory Tailoring Enhancement Act H.R. 3301, ELEVATE Act of 2025 H.R. 3323, Helping Startups Continue to Grow Act H.R. 3339, Equal Opportunity for Investors Act of 2025 H.R. 3343, Greenlighting Growth Act of 2025 H.R. 3348, Accredited Investor Definition Review Act H.R. 3351, Improving Access to Small Business Information Act H.R. 3352, HALOS Act of 2025 H.R. 3357, Enhancing Multi-Class Share Disclosures Act H.R. 3379, HUMPS Act of 2025 H.R. 3380, TAILOR Act of 2025 H.R. 3381, Encouraging Public Offerings Act of 2025 H.R. 3382/S. 2924, Small Entity Update Act H.R. 3383, Increasing Investor Opportunities Act H.R. 3390, Bringing the Discount Window into the 21st Century Act H.R. 3394, Fair Investment Opportunities for Professional Experts Act H.R. 3395, Middle Market IPO Cost Act H.R. 3422, Promoting Opportunities for Non-Traditional Capital Formation Act H.R. 3446, The FDIC Board Accountability Act H.R. 3645, ACCESS Act of 2025 H.R. 3672, Securities Research Modernization Act H.R. 3673, Small Business Investor Capital Access Act H.R. 3682/S. 3578, Financial Stability Oversight Council Improvement Act of 2025 H.R. 3959, Protecting Private Job Creators Act H.R. 4429, Developing and Empowering Our Aspiring Leaders (DEAL) Act H.R. 4430, Expanding WKSI Eligibility Act H.R. 4431, Improving Capital Formation for Newcomers (ICAN) Act H.R. 4437, Supervisory Modifications for Appropriate Risk-based Testing (SMART) Act of 2025 H.R. 4478, Tailored Regulatory Updates for Supervisory Testing (TRUST) Act of 2025 H.R. 5291/S. 2663, Merchant Banking Modernization Act S. 985, PROTECT USA Act S. 1605, International Competition for American Jobs Act H.J.Res. 74/S.J.Res. 36, A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Prohibition on Creditors and Consumer Reporting Agencies Concerning Medical Information (Regulation V)" Potential legislation similar to H.R. 448, Putting Investors First Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2590, Unlocking Capital for Small Business Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2607, Improving Crowdfunding Opportunities Act, 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2609, Small Entrepreneur Empowerment and Development Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2622, to amend the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 to codify certain Securities and Exchange Commission no-action letters that exclude brokers and dealers compensated for certain research services from the definition of investment adviser Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2651, Regulation A+ Improvement Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2790, the Improving Capital Allocation for Newcomers Act of 2021 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2799, the Investment Opportunity Expansion Act, 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 4168/S. 2005, Mandatory Materiality Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 4767, Protecting Americans Retirement Savings from Politics Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 5488/S. 2805, Protecting Our Courts from Foreign Manipulation Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 6623/S. 2068, Main Street Growth Act Potential legislation to repeal the SECs Universal Proxy Rule of 2021 Potential legislation to amend the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to repeal certain rulemaking requirements SEC Proposed Rule on the Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors (87 Fed. Reg. 21,334-21,473, April 11, 2022) Proposed Rule, Consumer Financial Protection Bureau; Protecting Americans from Harmful Data Broker Practices (Regulation V) (89 Fed. Reg. 101,402, December 13, 2024) Various issues relating to SEC Best Interest and Enhancing Investment Adviser Regulation relating to broker-dealers, registered investment advisers, conflicts of interest; potential federal preemption of state fiduciary standards; CFTCs de minimis Exception for Swap Dealers; Securities and Exchange Commission amendments to the Commissioners whistleblower rules file no. S7-16-18; proxy process, proxy advisory firms, and other related aspects of corporate governance; corporate common ownership; adoption of the current expected credit loss (CECL) accounting standard; role of credit reporting agencies (CRAs) in the U.S. economy; debt collection practices (regulation F) under the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (P.L. 95-109); qualified mortgage definition under the Truth in Lending Act (P.L. 90-321) (Regulation Z); Financial Stability Oversight Council activities, including the approach to and designation of systemic importance and risk of nonbank financial companies and firms; Federal Reserve Systems Large Institution Supervision Coordinating Committee; potential housing finance reform legislation; enforcement of Securities and Exchange Commission penalties; federal interest rate authority; Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) reform; electronic consent-based SSN Verification Service (eCBSV); environmental, social, and governance (ESG) enforcement; information collection under the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) (P.L. 95-128); potential Financial Transaction Tax (FTT); potential Treasury Department proposal relating to tax reporting by banks; investment company cross trading; potential money market fund reform measures; transition to the secured overnight financing rate; implementation of SEC Rule 15c2-11; Department of Labor fiduciary advice exemption: PTE 2020-02; modernization of the Credit Repair Organizations Act (enacted as Title IV of the Consumer Credit Protection Act, P.L. 90-321); Internal Revenue Service Priority Guidance Plan; Financial Accounting Standards Board improvements to income tax disclosures; Climate-Related Financial Risk Management for Large Banks; Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) regulatory sandbox for disclosures; CFPB Policy Fellowship program; CFPB amendment of its Supervision and Examination Manual; CFPB conflation of Distinct Statutory Concepts of Unfairness and Discrimination; CFPB Small Business Advisory Review Panels Rulemaking on Personal Financial Data Rights; CFPB implementation of the Small Business Lending Data Collection Rule (the 1071 Rule); SEC Open-End Fund Liquidity Risk Management Programs and Swing Pricing; Form N-PORT Reporting (File Number S7-26-22); Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Proposal on Corporate Governance and Risk Management; Basel III Endgame Rule; FDIC Monitoring of Investment Funds Passivity Agreements; issues related to the Export-Import Bank of the United States; European Unions (EU) Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD); Consumer Financial Protection Circular 2024-05, Improper Overdraft Opt-In Practices; Executive Order 14036, Promoting Competition in the American Economy; recommendations for Securities and Exchange Commission regulatory agenda; reforming SEC Rule 14a-8; FSOC restoration of 2019 Guidance governing the designation of nonbank financial institutions; reauthorization of the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation; implementation of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, (P.L. 119-21); implementation of Disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions" (P.L. No: 119-10); implementation of A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications" (P.L. 119-11); proxy process and shareholder proposal system overseen by SEC; FSOC Nonbank Guidance - request to restore the 2019 Guidance (July 14, 2025, letter to Treasury); reporting metrics of American companies under the EUs Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive and Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive; index fund passivity; reform to the function of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; rulemaking regarding corporate exemptions for shareholder proposals under SEC Rule 14a-8; rulemaking regarding reform to the proxy voting advice industry at the SEC; request for comment from SEC on potential revisions to executive compensation disclosure; request for comment from SEC on potential revisions to definition of Foreign Private Issuer; SEC Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations: Regulation 13D-G (February 11, 2025); potential policy affirming materiality as the standard for corporate disclosure at the SEC; Executive Order 14366, Protecting American Investors from Foreign-Owned and Politically-Motivated Proxy Advisors; Executive Order 14330, Democratizing Access to Alternative Assets for 401(K) Investors; SEC Staff Review ADI 2025-16 on Registered Closed-End Funds of Private Funds (August 15, 2025); acquired fund fees and expenses mandate under Rule 12d1-4 (impact of AFFE on BDCs and inclusion of alternative assets in 401(K)s); potential policy from SEC on electronic delivery of investor disclosure information; oversight issues and potential legislation on third party litigation funding, including its national security implications

The National Association for Gun Rights advocates on behalf of gun owners for pro-Second Amendment related public policy issues including but not limited to the following subject areas and their respective executive departments/agencies and legislative committees: Firearms, ammunition, accessories, right to possess purchase own and carry, background checks, mental health, NICS, registration requirements/databases, federal gun free zones, NFA of 1934, GCA of 1968, gun related Executive Orders, actions, nominations or treaties, 1st and 4th amendment protections for gun owners, and related appropriations. In each case, NAGR opposes gun control and supports removing restrictions on the right to bear arms. Legislation before the 119th Congress that NAGR is actively following and lobbying on may include, but is not limited to: House Bills and Resolutions: H.R. 38, H.R. 45, H.R. 60, H.R. 129, H.R. 169, H.R. 221, H.R. 223, H.R. 335, H.R. 373, H.R. 404, H.R. 454, H.R. 496, H.R. 532, H.R. 543, H.R. 544, H.R. 556, H.R. 563, H.R. 607, H.R. 613, H.R. 624, H.R. 631, H.R. 645, H.R. 850, H.R. 943, H.R. 962, H.R. 1041, H.R. 1097, H.R. 1181, H.R. 1224, H.R. 1272, H.R. 1307, H.R. 1456, H.R. 1564, H.R. 1643, H.R. 1698, H.R. 1740, H.R. 2039, H.R. 2060, H.R. 2070, H.R. 2184, H.R. 2189, H.R. 2243, H.R. 2255, H.R. 2267, H.R. 2368, H.R. 2395, H.R. 2442, H.R. 2552, H.R. 2618, H.R. 2648, H.R. 2650, H.R. 2790, H.R. 2799, H.R. 2826, H.R. 2915, H.R. 2930, H.R. 3033, H.R. 3034, H.R. 3129, H.R. 3228, H.R. 18, H.R. 2649, H.R. 2698, H.R. 2837, H.R. 2948, H.R. 3039, H.R. 3115, H.R. 3373, H.R. 3740, H.R. 3770, H.R. 3823, H.R. 3868, H.R. 3945, H.R. 3998, H.R. 4064, H.R. 4103, H.R. 4106, H.R. 4111, H.R. 4143, H.R. 4152, H.R. 4173, H.R. 4174, H.R. 4198, H.R. 4220, H.R. 4221, H.R. 4222, H.R. 4223, H.R. 4224, H.R. 4225, H.R. 4227, H.R. 4251, H.R. 4252, H.R. 4261, H.R. 4270, H.R. 4474, H.R. 4546, H.R. 4487, H.R. 4676, H.R. 4821, H.R. 4882, H.R. 4918, H.R. 4991, H.R. 5306, H.R. 5453, H.R. 5672, H.R. 5622, H.R. 5874, H.R. 6035, H.R. 6223, H.R. 6258, H.R. 6769, H.R. 6743, H.R. 6938, H.R. 6965 Senate Bills and Resolutions: S. 65, S. 89, S. 119, S. 123, S. 137, S. 345, S. 364, S. 468, S. 597, S. 726, S. 889, S. 961, S. 1039, S. 1162, S. 1169, S. 1224, S. 1294, S. 1307, S. 1370, S. 1374, S. 1436, S. 1466, S. 1531, S. 1715, S. 1922, S. 1955, S. 2088, S. 2154, S. 2155, S. 2156, S. 2157, S. 2158, S. 2165, S. 2186, S. 2188, S. 2191, S. 2192, S. 2514, S. 2562, S. 2813, S. 2993, S. 3085, S. 3214, S. 3256, S. 3289, S. 3458, S. 3514, S. 3512, S. 3544 Non-legislative issues lobbied before Congress, the BATFE, Executive Office of the President, but not limited to: The ATF and Justice Department rulemaking on AR and AK pistol braces. We are opposed to their rulemaking. The UN Small Arms Treaty. We are opposed to the UN ATT and support the United States removing its signature. We are oppose to the ATF rule on Stabilizing Braces and the ATF rule redefining gun merchants.

Advocacy of greater use of ignition interlock devices to prevent drunk driving and drunk driving-related fatalities. Work with federal agencies in order to encourage states to pass strong ignition interlock laws, including implementation of relevant provisions in FAST Act and drunk driving prevention sections of the Invest in America Act. H.R. 2799 End Driving While Intoxicated Act of 2025

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $60,000

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SENATE, Transportation, Dept of (DOT)

Lobbied in support of gun control legislation, specifically in H.R. 1674/S.803: Keep Americans Safe Act; H.R. 2368: Raise the Age Act of 2025; H.R. 1456: Gun Trafficker Detection Act; H.R. 2105/S.1076: Preventing Illegal Weapons Trafficking Act; H.R. 923/S.367: Stop Arming Cartels Act; H.R. 532/S.123: Handgun Permit to Purchase Act; H.R. 169: Prevent Family Fire Act of 2024; H.R. 1097/S.468: SECURE Firearm Storage Act; H.R. 1272: Secure Storage Information Act; H.R. 1564/S.726: Ethans Law; H.R. 1987/S.926: Saving Our Veterans Lives Act; S. 597: Under 21 Act; S. 889: Extreme Risk Protection Order Expansion Act of 2025; H.R. 1307/S.595: Office of Gun Violence Prevention Act of 2025; H.R. 2618/S. 1294: Federal Firearms Licensee Act; H.R. 2698: Bolstering Security Against Ghost Guns; H.R. 4270: Multiple Firearm Sales Reporting Modernization Act; H.R. 3823: TRACE Act; H.R. 4227/S. 2191: Ammunition Modernization and Monitoring Oversight (AMMO) Act; H.R. 18: Bipartisan Background Checks Act; H.R. 3868: Enhanced Background Checks Act of 2025; H.R. 4174/S.2188: ATF DATA Act; H.R. 4173/S. 2186: Preventing Pretrial Gun Purchases Act; H.R. 3039: PROSPER Act of 2025; H.R. 3945/S.2088: Firearm Destruction Licensure Act of 2025; H.R. 3115/S.1531: Assault Weapons Ban of 2025; H.R.2790/S.1370: GOSAFE Act; H.R. 3740/S.1955: Equal Access to Justice for Victims of Gun Violence Act; H.R. 4143/S.2165: 3D Printed Gun Safety Act of 2025; S.2156: MASS Act; S.2155: Keeping Gun Dealers Honest Act of 2025; S.2154: Protecting Kids from Gun Marketing Act; H.R. 10384: RRLEF Act of 2024; H.R. 2799: Closing the Bump Stock Loophole Act of 2025; H.R. 2648: Secure Background Checks Act of 2025; H.R. 2649: STOP Violence Act of 2025; S. 1374: BUMP Act; H.R. 4261/S.2158: Stopping the Fraudulent Sales of Firearms Act; H.R. 4198/S. 2192: Clean Hands Firearm Procurement Act; H.R. 5306: Gun Suicide Prevention Act of 2025; H.R. 4152: Safe Storage Saves Lives Act; H.R. 5099: SAFES Act; H.R. 3968: School Violence Prevention Act; H.R. 4882: Gun Safety Board and Research Act; H.R. 4918: Advancing Gun Safety Technology Act; H.R. 2948: Safer Neighborhoods Gun Buyback Act of 2025; H.R. 4103/S. 2203: Break the Cycle of Violence Act; H.R. 4883: Local Gun Violence Reduction Act; and S. 2514: Gun Violence Prevention Research Act of 2025. Lobbied in opposition to H.R. 38/S.65: Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act; H.R. 496: Veterans 2nd Amendment Restoration Act of 2025; H.R. 1041/S.478: Veterans 2nd Amendment Protection Act; H.R. 962: Defending Veterans Second Amendment Rights Act; H.R. 2243/S.679: LEOSA Reform Act; H.R. 404/S.364: Hearing Protection Act; H.R. 472: Restore VA Accountability Act of 2025; H.R. 60: Knife Owners Protection Act of 2025; H.R. 2255: Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act; provisions related to lowering taxes on certain National Firearms Act devices in H.R. 1: the One Big Beautiful Bill Act; H.R. 2189: Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act of 2025; S. 1283: Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization Act; H.R. 2060/S. 966: Travelers Gun Rights Act; H.R. 4242: Innovate Less Lethal to De-Escalate Tax Modernization Act; H.R. 3770/S. 1992: FIREARM Act; and limitations on the Dept. of Veterans Affairs' transmission of certain beneficiary information to the National Instant Criminal Background Checks System in H.R. 3944: Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act 2026.

Lobbied in support of gun control legislation, specifically in H.R. 1674/S.803: Keep Americans Safe Act; H.R. 2368: Raise the Age Act of 2025; H.R. 1456: Gun Trafficker Detection Act; H.R. 2105/S.1076: Preventing Illegal Weapons Trafficking Act; H.R. 923/S.367: Stop Arming Cartels Act; H.R. 532/S.123: Handgun Permit to Purchase Act; H.R. 169: Prevent Family Fire Act of 2024; H.R. 1097/S.468: SECURE Firearm Storage Act; H.R. 1272: Secure Storage Information Act; H.R. 1564/S.726: Ethans Law; H.R. 1987/S.926: Saving Our Veterans Lives Act; S. 597: Under 21 Act; S. 889: Extreme Risk Protection Order Expansion Act of 2025; H.R. 1307/S.595: Office of Gun Violence Prevention Act of 2025; H.R. 2618/S. 1294: Federal Firearms Licensee Act; H.R. 2698: Bolstering Security Against Ghost Guns; H.R. 4270: Multiple Firearm Sales Reporting Modernization Act; H.R. 3823: TRACE Act; H.R. 4227/S. 2191: Ammunition Modernization and Monitoring Oversight (AMMO) Act; H.R. 18: Bipartisan Background Checks Act; H.R. 3868: Enhanced Background Checks Act of 2025; H.R. 4174/S.2188: ATF DATA Act; H.R. 4173/S. 2186: Preventing Pretrial Gun Purchases Act; H.R. 3039: PROSPER Act of 2025; H.R. 3945/S.2088: Firearm Destruction Licensure Act of 2025; H.R. 3115/S.1531: Assault Weapons Ban of 2025; H.R.2790/S.1370: GOSAFE Act; H.R. 3740/S.1955: Equal Access to Justice for Victims of Gun Violence Act; H.R. 4143/S.2165: 3D Printed Gun Safety Act of 2025; S.2156: MASS Act; S.2155: Keeping Gun Dealers Honest Act of 2025; S.2154: Protecting Kids from Gun Marketing Act; H.R. 10384: RRLEF Act of 2024; H.R. 2799: Closing the Bump Stock Loophole Act of 2025; H.R. 2648: Secure Background Checks Act of 2025; H.R. 2649: STOP Violence Act of 2025; S. 1374: BUMP Act; H.R. 4261/S.2158: Stopping the Fraudulent Sales of Firearms Act; H.R. 4198/S. 2192: Clean Hands Firearm Procurement Act; H.R. 5306: Gun Suicide Prevention Act of 2025; H.R. 4152: Safe Storage Saves Lives Act; H.R. 5099: SAFES Act; H.R. 3968: School Violence Prevention Act; H.R. 4882: Gun Safety Board and Research Act; H.R. 4918: Advancing Gun Safety Technology Act; H.R. 2948: Safer Neighborhoods Gun Buyback Act of 2025; H.R. 4103/S. 2203: Break the Cycle of Violence Act; H.R. 4883: Local Gun Violence Reduction Act; S. 2514: Gun Violence Prevention Research Act of 2025; H.R. 6127/S. 3212: AIM Act; H.R. 6223/S. 3289: Crime Gun Tracing Modernization Act of 2025; H.R. 6743: Medicare Investment and Gun Violence Prevention Act; H.R. 5453/S. 2863: RRLEF ACT (Responsible Retirement of Law Enforcement Firearms Act of 2025); and H.R. 3458: Background Check Completion Act of 2025. Lobbied in opposition to H.R. 38/S.65: Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act; H.R. 496: Veterans 2nd Amendment Restoration Act of 2025; H.R. 1041/S.478: Veterans 2nd Amendment Protection Act; H.R. 962: Defending Veterans Second Amendment Rights Act; H.R. 2243/S.679: LEOSA Reform Act; H.R. 404/S.364: Hearing Protection Act; H.R. 472: Restore VA Accountability Act of 2025; H.R. 60: Knife Owners Protection Act of 2025; H.R. 2255: Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act; provisions related to lowering taxes on certain National Firearms Act devices in H.R. 1: the One Big Beautiful Bill Act; H.R. 2189: Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act of 2025; S. 1283: Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization Act; H.R. 2060/S. 966: Travelers Gun Rights Act; H.R. 4242: Innovate Less Lethal to De-Escalate Tax Modernization Act; H.R. 3770/S. 1992: FIREARM Act; H.R. 1181/S. 1715: Protecting Privacy in Purchases Act; and limitations on the Dept. of Veterans Affairs' transmission of certain beneficiary information to the National Instant Criminal Background Checks System in H.R. 3944: Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act 2026.

H.R. 1 - One Big Beautiful Bill Act H.R. 18 - Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2025 H.R. 22 - SAVE Act H.R. 25 - FairTax Act of 2025 H.R. 38 - Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act of 2025 H.R. 45 - FIND Act H.R. 70 - No SmartPay for Anti-2A Companies Act H.R. 129 - Abolish the ATF Act (Boebert) H.R. 160 - Restoring Faith in Elections Act H.R. 169 - Prevent Family Fire Act of 2025 H.R. 221 - Abolish the ATF Act (Burlison) H.R. 223 - Preventing Unjust Red Flag Laws Act of 2025 H.R. 335 - Repeal the NFA Act H.R. 350 - Prosecutors Need to Prosecute Act H.R. 373 - SAGA Act H.R. 404 - Hearing Protection Act H.R. 454 - Safe Bases Act of 2025 H.R. 496 - Veterans 2nd Amendment Restoration Act of 2025 H.R. 532 - Handgun Permit to Purchase Act H.R. 543 - Iron Pipeline Review Act H.R. 544 - To provide a private right of action against the maker of any component of a ghost gun, and any person who facilitated a sale of the ghost gun, for injury or death resulting from the use of the ghost gun H.R. 545 - To direct the Attorney General to conduct a study on the efficacy of extreme risk protection orders on reducing gun violence H.R. 563 - No REGISTRY Rights Act H.R. 607 - ATF Accountability Act of 2025 H.R. 613 - ATF Transparency Act H.R. 624 - RIFLE Act of 2025 H.R. 631 - PARTS Act of 2025 H.R. 645 - National Constitutional Carry Act H.R. 850 - Silencers Help Us Save Hearing (SHUSH) Act H.R. 923 - Stop Arming Cartels Act of 2025 H.R. 943 - No User Fees for Gun Owners Act H.R. 962 - Defending Veterans Second Amendment Rights Act H.R. 1041 - Veterans 2nd Amendment Protection Act H.R. 1097 - SECURE Firearm Storage Act H.R. 1111 - Department of Peacebuilding Act of 2025 H.R. 1181 - Protecting Privacy in Purchases Act H.R. 1224 - Protecting the Second Amendment in Financial Services Act H.R. 1272 - Secure Storage Information Act of 2025 H.R. 1299 - EAGLES Act of 2025 H.R. 1307 - Office of Gun Violence Prevention Act of 2025 H.R. 1456 - Gun Trafficker Detection Act H.R. 1564 - To amend chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, to require the safe storage of firearms, and for other purposes. H.R. 1643 - SAFER Voter Act H.R. 1674 - Keep Americans Safe Act H.R. 1698 - Law Enforcement Protection and Privacy Act of 2025 H.R. 1740 - Default Proceed Sale Transparency Act H.R. 1749 - Safe Storage Lockers for House Office Buildings Act H.R. 1773 - Federal Firearms Licensee Protection Act of 2025 H.R. 1907 - Defense Against Drones Act of 2025 H.R. 1968 - Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 H.R. 1987 - To amend title 38, United States Code, to direct the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to establish a program to furnish to certain individuals items used for the secure storage of firearms, and for other purposes. H.R. 2039 - Protecting the Right to Keep and Bear Arms Act of 2025 H.R. 2060 - Travelers Gun Rights Act H.R. 2070 - Protect Our Military Families 2nd Amendment Rights Act H.R. 2105 - Preventing Illegal Weapons Trafficking Act of 2025 H.R. 2184 - Firearm Due Process Protection Act H.R. 2189 - Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act of 2025 H.R. 2243 - LEOSA Reform Act of 2025 H.R. 2255 - Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act H.R. 2267 - NICS Data Reporting Act H.R. 2368 - Raise the Age Act of 2025 H.R. 2395 - SHORT Act H.R. 2442 - Freedom from Unfair Gun Taxes Act of 2025 H.R. 2531 - Workplace Violence Prevention for Health Care and Social Service Workers Act H.R. 2552 - RIFLE Act H.R. 2577 - PLAN for School Safety Act of 2025 H.R. 2618 - Federal Firearm Licensee Act H.R. 2618 - To modernize the business of selling firearms. H.R. 2648 - Secure Background Checks Act of 2025 H.R. 2648 - To amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit a person who fails to meet age and residential requirements from shipping, transporting, possessing, or receiving firearms and ammunition, to increase the penalties for transfer of a firearm to any person who is under indictment H.R. 2650 - End Gun Violence Act of 2025 H.R. 2650 - To amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit the sale or other disposition of any firearm or ammunition to any person who has been convicted of a violent misdemeanor H.R. 2698 - To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to direct the Department of Homeland Security to bolster security against threats posed by ghost guns H.R. 2790 - GOSAFE Act H.R. 2799 - Closing the Bump Stock Loophole Act of 2025 H.R. 3034 - NFA SBS Act H.R. 3111 - Fresh Start Act of 2025 H.R. 3115 - Assault Weapons Ban of 2025 H.R. 3228 - Constitutional Hearing Protection Act H.R. 3770 - FIREARM Act H.R. 3823 - TRACE Act H.R. 3868 - Enhanced Background Checks Act of 2025 H.R. 3944 - Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 H.R. 3945 - Firearm Destruction Licensure Act of 2025 H.R. 4106 - Prevent Illegal Gun Sales Act H.R. 4111 - MASS Act H.R. 4143 - 3D Printed Gun Safety Act of 2025 H.R. 4173 - Preventing Pretrial Gun Purchases Act H.R. 4174 - ATF DATA Act H.R. 4213 - Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2026 H.R. 4220 - Gun Violence Prevention Through Financial Intelligence Act H.R. 4223 - Gun Records Restoration and Preservation Act H.R. 4224 - Background Check Point of Contact Act of 2025 H.R. 4225 - Protect Children Through Safe Gun Ownership Act H.R. 4227 - AMMO Act H.R. 4242 - Innovate Less Lethal to De-Escalate Tax Modernization Act H.R. 4252 - Extreme Risk Protection Order Expansion Act of 2025 H.R. 4474 - Equal Shot Act of 2025 H.R. 4487 - Gun Safety Incentive Act H.R. 4546 - FIRE Act H.R. 4676 - Modern Firearm Safety Act H.R. 4688 - COOL OFF Act H.R. 4788 - To require the District of Columbia to permit Members of Congress who have a valid license or permit which is issued pursuant to the law of a State which permits the Member to carry a concealed firearm, or who is otherwise entitled to carry a concealed firearm in the State in which the Member resides, to carry a concealed firearm in the District of Columbia H.R. 4821 - Gun Violence Prevention Research Act of 2025 H.R. 4882 - Gun Safety Board and Research Act H.R. 4918 - Advancing Gun Safety Technology Act H.R. 4991 - Disarming Felons Act H.R. 5099 - SAFES Act H.R. 5342 - Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 H.R. 5453 - RRLEF Act of 2025 H.R. 5622 - National Gun Violence Research Act of 2025 H.R. 5672 - Reducing Unnecessary Slowdowns in Handling Act S. 65 - Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act of 2025 S. 89 - Sporting Firearms Access Act of 2025 S. 119 - No Retaining Every Gun In a System That Restricts Your Rights Act S. 123 - Handgun Permit to Purchase Act S. 137 - FIND Act S. 234 - Prosecutors Need to Prosecute Act of 2025 S. 345 - SHUSH Act S. 364 - Hearing Protection Act S. 367 - Stop Arming Cartels Act of 2025 S. 468 - SECURE Firearm Storage Act S. 478 - Veterans 2nd Amendment Protection Act of 2025 S. 560 - EAGLES Act of 2025 S. 595 - Office of Gun Violence Prevention Act of 2025 S. 597 - Age 21 Act S. 679 - LEOSA Reform Act S. 726 - Ethan's Law S. 803 - Keep Americans Safe Act S. 884 - ATF Transparency Act S. 889 - Extreme Risk Protection Order Expansion Act of 2025 S. 926 - A bill to amend title 38, United States Code, to direct the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to establish a program to furnish to certain veterans items used for the secure storage of firearms, and for other purposes. S. 961 - Protect Our Military Families 2nd Amendment Rights Act S. 966 - Traveler's Gun Rights Act S. 1039 - PARTS Act S. 1162 - Stop Harassing Owners of Rifles Today (SHORT) Act S. 1169 - A bill to prohibit State excise taxes on firearms and ammunition manufacturers and dealers. S. 1224 - A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to repeal the firearm transfer tax, and for other purposes. S. 1224 - RIFLE Act S. 1283 - A bill to modernize Federal firearms laws to account for advancements in technology and less-than-lethal weapons, and for other purposes. S. 1283 - Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization Act S. 1294 - A bill to modernize the business of selling firearms. S. 1294 - Federal Firearm Licensee Act S. 1307 - A bill to allow certain qualified law enforcement officers and retired law enforcement officers to carry concealed firearms to protect children in school zones. S. 1307 - Police Officers Protecting Children Act S. 1370 - GOSAFE Act S. 1374 - BUMP Act S. 1531 - Assault Weapons Ban of 2025 S. 1652 - Protecting Communities and Preserving the Second Amendment Act of 2025 S. 2088 - Firearm Destruction Licensure Act of 2025 S. 2155 - Keeping Gun Dealers Honest Act of 2025 S. 2156 - MASS Act S. 2157 - Gun Violence Prevention Through Financial Intelligence Act S. 2165 - 3D Printed Gun Safety Act of 2025 S. 2186 - Preventing Pretrial Gun Purchases Act S. 2188 - ATF DATA Act S. 2191 - AMMO Act S. 2296 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026 S. 2354 - Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 S. 2514 - Gun Violence Prevention Research Act of 2025 S. 2562 - Equal Shot Act of 2025 S. 2813 - FIRE Act S. 2863 - RRLEF Act of 2025 S.Amdt.2919 - Program to furnish to eligible individuals items intended to be used for the secure storage of firearms S.Amdt.2972 - That the Secretary of VeteranscAffairs shall publish quarterly on a publicly available website of the Department of Veterans Affairs a report on the number of veterans who should have been reported to the national instant criminal background check system established under section 103 of the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act (34 U.S.C. 40901) if such reporting by the Secretary was permitted, and of those veterans, the number of suicides by firearm that occurred in the previous quarter S.Amdt.2973 - Increase in transfer and manufacturing taxes for firearms regulated under the National Firearms Act S.Amdt.3063 - Quarterly report on mentally incapacitated and mentally incompetent veterans and death by firearm suicide S.Amdt.3447 - To require a report on veterans who would have been reported to the national instant criminal background check system and who die by suicide with a firearm

H.R. 145, Risk Disclosure and Investor Attestation Act H.R. 654, Taking Account of Bureaucrats Spending (TABS) Act of 2025 H.R. 1013/S. 424, Retirement Fairness for Charities and Educational Institutions Act of 2025 H.R. 1109, Litigation Transparency Act of 2025 H.R. 1190/S. 577, Expanding Access to Capital for Rural Job Creators Act H.R. 1827/S. 847, Child Care Availability and Affordability Act H.R. 1900, Bank Failure Prevention Act of 2025 H.R. 2225/S. 1808, Access to Small Business Investor Capital Act H.R. 2441/S. 1877, the Improving Disclosure for Investors Act of 2025 H.R. 2675, Protecting Our Courts From Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025 H.R. 2702/S. 875, Financial Integrity and Regulation Management (FIRM) Act H.R. 3230, Financial Institution Regulatory Tailoring Enhancement Act H.R. 3301, ELEVATE Act of 2025 H.R. 3323, Helping Startups Continue to Grow Act H.R. 3339, Equal Opportunity for Investors Act of 2025 H.R. 3343, Greenlighting Growth Act of 2025 H.R. 3348, Accredited Investor Definition Review Act H.R. 3351, Improving Access to Small Business Information Act H.R. 3352, HALOS Act of 2025 H.R. 3357, Enhancing Multi-Class Share Disclosures Act H.R. 3379, HUMPS Act of 2025 H.R. 3380, TAILOR Act of 2025 H.R. 3381, Encouraging Public Offerings Act of 2025 H.R. 3382, Small Entity Update Act H.R. 3383, Increasing Investor Opportunities Act H.R. 3390, Bringing the Discount Window into the 21st Century Act H.R. 3394, Fair Investment Opportunities for Professional Experts Act H.R. 3395, Middle Market IPO Cost Act H.R. 3422, Promoting Opportunities for Non-Traditional Capital Formation Act H.R. 3446, The FDIC Board Accountability Act H.R. 3645, ACCESS Act of 2025 H.R. 3672, Securities Research Modernization Act H.R. 3673, Small Business Investor Capital Access Act H.R. 3682, Financial Stability Oversight Council Improvement Act of 2025 H.R. 3959, Protecting Private Job Creators Act H.R. 4429, Developing and Empowering Our Aspiring Leaders (DEAL) Act H.R. 4430, Expanding WKSI Eligibility Act H.R. 4431, Improving Capital Formation for Newcomers (ICAN) Act H.R. 4429, Developing and Empowering Our Aspiring Leaders (DEAL) Act H.R. 4437, Supervisory Modifications for Appropriate Risk-based Testing (SMART) Act of 2025 H.R. 4478, Tailored Regulatory Updates for Supervisory Testing (TRUST) Act of 2025 H.R. 5291/S. 2663, Merchant Banking Modernization Act S. 985, PROTECT USA Act S. 1605, International Competition for American Jobs Act H.J. Res. 74/S.J. Res. 36, A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Prohibition on Creditors and Consumer Reporting Agencies Concerning Medical Information (Regulation V)" Potential legislation similar to H.R. 448, Putting Investors First Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2590, Unlocking Capital for Small Business Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2607, Improving Crowdfunding Opportunities Act, 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2609, Small Entrepreneur Empowerment and Development Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2622, to amend the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 to codify certain Securities and Exchange Commission no-action letters that exclude brokers and dealers compensated for certain research services from the definition of investment adviser Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2651, Regulation A+ Improvement Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2790, the Improving Capital Allocation for Newcomers Act of 2021 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2799, the Investment Opportunity Expansion Act, 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 4168/S. 2005, Mandatory Materiality Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 5488/S. 2805, Protecting Our Courts from Foreign Manipulation Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 6623/S. 2068, Main Street Growth Act Potential legislation to repeal the SECs Universal Proxy Rule of 2021 Potential legislation to amend the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to repeal certain rulemaking requirements SEC Proposed Rule on the Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors (87 Fed. Reg. 21,334-21,473, April 11, 2022) Proposed Rule, Consumer Financial Protection Bureau; Protecting Americans from Harmful Data Broker Practices (Regulation V) (89 Fed. Reg. 101,402, December 13, 2024) Various issues relating to SEC Best Interest and Enhancing Investment Adviser Regulation relating to broker-dealers, registered investment advisers, conflicts of interest; potential federal preemption of state fiduciary standards; CFTCs de minimis Exception for Swap Dealers; Securities and Exchange Commission amendments to the Commissioners whistleblower rules file no. S7-16-18; proxy process, proxy advisory firms, and other related aspects of corporate governance; corporate common ownership; adoption of the current expected credit loss (CECL) accounting standard; role of credit reporting agencies (CRAs) in the U.S. economy; debt collection practices (regulation F) under the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (P.L. 95-109); qualified mortgage definition under the Truth in Lending Act (P.L. 90-321) (Regulation Z); Financial Stability Oversight Council activities, including the approach to and designation of systemic importance and risk of nonbank financial companies and firms; Federal Reserve Systems Large Institution Supervision Coordinating Committee; potential housing finance reform legislation; enforcement of Securities and Exchange Commission penalties; federal interest rate authority; Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) reform; electronic consent-based SSN Verification Service (eCBSV); environmental, social, and governance (ESG) enforcement; information collection under the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) (P.L. 95-128); potential Financial Transaction Tax (FTT); potential Treasury Department proposal relating to tax reporting by banks; investment company cross trading; potential money market fund reform measures; transition to the secured overnight financing rate; implementation of SEC Rule 15c2-11; Department of Labor fiduciary advice exemption: PTE 2020-02; modernization of the Credit Repair Organizations Act (enacted as Title IV of the Consumer Credit Protection Act, P.L. 90-321); Internal Revenue Service Priority Guidance Plan; Financial Accounting Standards Board improvements to income tax disclosures; Climate-Related Financial Risk Management for Large Banks; Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) regulatory sandbox for disclosures; CFPB Policy Fellowship program; CFPB amendment of its Supervision and Examination Manual; CFPB conflation of Distinct Statutory Concepts of Unfairness and Discrimination; CFPB Small Business Advisory Review Panels Rulemaking on Personal Financial Data Rights; CFPB implementation of the Small Business Lending Data Collection Rule (the 1071 Rule); SEC Open-End Fund Liquidity Risk Management Programs and Swing Pricing; Form N-PORT Reporting (File Number S7-26-22); Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Proposal on Corporate Governance and Risk Management; Basel III Endgame Rule; FDIC Monitoring of Investment Funds Passivity Agreements; issues related to the Export-Import Bank of the United States; European Unions (EU) Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD); Consumer Financial Protection Circular 2024-05, Improper Overdraft Opt-In Practices; Executive Order 14036, Promoting Competition in the American Economy; recommendations for Securities and Exchange Commission regulatory agenda; Reforming SEC Rule 14a-8; FSOC restoration of 2019 Guidance governing the designation of nonbank financial institutions; reauthorization of the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation; implementation of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, (P.L. 119-21); implementation of Disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions" (P.L. No: 119-10); implementation of a joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications" (P.L. No: 119-11); proxy process and shareholder proposal system overseen by SEC; FSOC Nonbank Guidance - request to restore the 2019 Guidance (July 14, 2025, letter to Treasury); reporting metrics of American companies under the EUs Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive and Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive; index fund passivity; reform to the function of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; rulemaking regarding corporate exemptions for shareholder proposals under SEC Rule 14a-8; rulemaking regarding reform to the proxy voting advice industry at the SEC; request for comment from SEC on potential revisions to executive compensation disclosure; request for comment from SEC on potential revisions to definition of Foreign Private Issuer; SEC Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations: Regulation 13D-G (February 11, 2025); potential policy affirming materiality as the standard for corporate disclosure at the SEC; Executive Order 14330, Democratizing Access to Alternative Assets for 401(K) Investors; SEC Staff Review ADI 2025-16 on Registered Closed-End Funds of Private Funds (August 15, 2025); acquired fund fees and expenses mandate under Rule 12d1-4 (impact of AFFE on BDCs and inclusion of alternative assets in 401(K)s); oversight issues and potential legislation on third party litigation funding, including its national security implications

Lobbied in support of gun control legislation, specifically in H.R. 1674/S.803: Keep Americans Safe Act; H.R. 2368: Raise the Age Act of 2025; H.R. 1456: Gun Trafficker Detection Act; H.R. 2105/S.1076: Preventing Illegal Weapons Trafficking Act; H.R. 923/S.367: Stop Arming Cartels Act; H.R. 532/S.123: Handgun Permit to Purchase Act; H.R. 169: Prevent Family Fire Act of 2024; H.R. 1097/S.468: SECURE Firearm Storage Act; H.R. 1272: Secure Storage Information Act; H.R. 1564/S.726: Ethans Law; H.R. 1987/S.926: Saving Our Veterans Lives Act; S. 597: Under 21 Act; S. 889: Extreme Risk Protection Order Expansion Act of 2025; H.R. 1307/S.595: Office of Gun Violence Prevention Act of 2025; H.R. 2618/S. 1294: Federal Firearms Licensee Act; H.R. 2698: Bolstering Security Against Ghost Guns; H.R. 4270: Multiple Firearm Sales Reporting Modernization Act; H.R. 3823: TRACE Act; H.R. 4227/S. 2191: Ammunition Modernization and Monitoring Oversight (AMMO) Act; H.R. 18: Bipartisan Background Checks Act; H.R. 3868: Enhanced Background Checks Act of 2025; H.R. 4174/S.2188: ATF DATA Act; H.R. 4173/S. 2186: Preventing Pretrial Gun Purchases Act; H.R. 3039: PROSPER Act of 2025; H.R. 3945/S.2088: Firearm Destruction Licensure Act of 2025; H.R. 3115/S.1531: Assault Weapons Ban of 2025; H.R.2790/S.1370: GOSAFE Act; H.R. 3740/S.1955: Equal Access to Justice for Victims of Gun Violence Act; H.R. 4143/S.2165: 3D Printed Gun Safety Act of 2025; S.2156: MASS Act; S.2155: Keeping Gun Dealers Honest Act of 2025; S.2154: Protecting Kids from Gun Marketing Act; H.R. 10384: RRLEF Act of 2024; H.R. 2799: Closing the Bump Stock Loophole Act of 2025; H.R. 2648: Secure Background Checks Act of 2025; H.R. 2649: STOP Violence Act of 2025; S. 1374: BUMP Act; H.R. 4261/S.2158: Stopping the Fraudulent Sales of Firearms Act; H.R. 4198/S. 2192: Clean Hands Firearm Procurement Act; H.R. 5306: Gun Suicide Prevention Act of 2025; H.R. 4152: Safe Storage Saves Lives Act; H.R. 5099: SAFES Act; H.R. 3968: School Violence Prevention Act; H.R. 4882: Gun Safety Board and Research Act; H.R. 4918: Advancing Gun Safety Technology Act; H.R. 2948: Safer Neighborhoods Gun Buyback Act of 2025; H.R. 4103/S. 2203: Break the Cycle of Violence Act; H.R. 4883: Local Gun Violence Reduction Act; S. 2514: Gun Violence Prevention Research Act of 2025; and limitations on the Dept. of Veterans Affairs' transmission of certain beneficiary information to the National Instant Criminal Background Checks System in H.R. 3944: Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act 2026 Lobbied in opposition to H.R. 38/S.65: Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act; H.R. 496: Veterans 2nd Amendment Restoration Act of 2025; H.R. 1041/S.478: Veterans 2nd Amendment Protection Act; H.R. 962: Defending Veterans Second Amendment Rights Act; H.R. 2243/S.679: LEOSA Reform Act; H.R. 404/S.364: Hearing Protection Act; H.R. 472: Restore VA Accountability Act of 2025; H.R. 60: Knife Owners Protection Act of 2025; H.R. 2255: Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act; provisions related to lowering taxes on certain National Firearms Act devices in H.R. 1: the One Big Beautiful Bill Act; H.R. 2189: Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act of 2025; S. 1283: Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization Act; H.R. 2060/S. 966: Travelers Gun Rights Act; H.R. 4242: Innovate Less Lethal to De-Escalate Tax Modernization Act; and H.R. 3770/S. 1992: FIREARM Act.

Advocacy of greater use of ignition interlock devices to prevent drunk driving and drunk driving-related fatalities. Work with federal agencies in order to encourage states to pass strong ignition interlock laws, including implementation of relevant provisions in FAST Act and drunk driving prevention sections of the Invest in America Act. H.R. 2799 End Driving While Intoxicated Act of 2025

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $60,000

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Natl Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), SENATE, Transportation, Dept of (DOT)

The National Association for Gun Rights advocates on behalf of gun owners for pro-Second Amendment related public policy issues including but not limited to the following subject areas and their respective executive departments/agencies and legislative committees: Firearms, ammunition, accessories, right to possess purchase own and carry, background checks, mental health, NICS, registration requirements/databases, federal gun free zones, NFA of 1934, GCA of 1968, gun related Executive Orders, actions, nominations or treaties, 1st and 4th amendment protections for gun owners, and related appropriations. In each case, NAGR opposes gun control and supports removing restrictions on the right to bear arms. Legislation before the 119th Congress that NAGR is actively following and lobbying on may include, but is not limited to: House Bills and Resolutions: H.R. 38, H.R. 45, H.R. 60, H.R. 129, H.R. 169, H.R. 221, H.R. 223, H.R. 335, H.R. 373, H.R. 404, H.R. 454, H.R. 496, H.R. 532, H.R. 543, H.R. 544, H.R. 556, H.R. 563, H.R. 607, H.R. 613, H.R. 624, H.R. 631, H.R. 645, H.R. 850, H.R. 943, H.R. 962, H.R. 1041, H.R. 1097, H.R. 1181, H.R. 1224, H.R. 1272, H.R. 1307, H.R. 1456, H.R. 1564, H.R. 1643, H.R. 1698, H.R. 1740, H.R. 2039, H.R. 2060, H.R. 2070, H.R. 2184, H.R. 2189, H.R. 2243, H.R. 2255, H.R. 2267, H.R. 2368, H.R. 2395, H.R. 2442, H.R. 2552, H.R. 2618, H.R. 2648, H.R. 2650, H.R. 2790, H.R. 2799, H.R. 2826, H.R. 2915, H.R. 2930, H.R. 3033, H.R. 3034, H.R. 3129, H.R. 3228, H.R. 18, H.R. 2649, H.R. 2698, H.R. 2837, H.R. 2948, H.R. 3039, H.R. 3115, H.R. 3373, H.R. 3740, H.R. 3770, H.R. 3823, H.R. 3868, H.R. 3945, H.R. 3998, H.R. 4064, H.R. 4103, H.R. 4106, H.R. 4111, H.R. 4143, H.R. 4152, H.R. 4173, H.R. 4174, H.R. 4198, H.R. 4220, H.R. 4221, H.R. 4222, H.R. 4223, H.R. 4224, H.R. 4225, H.R. 4227, H.R. 4251, H.R. 4252, H.R. 4261, H.R. 4270, H.R. 4474, H.R. 4546, H.R. 4487, H.R. 4676, H.R. 4821, H.R. 4882, H.R. 4918, H.R. 4991, H.R. 5306, H.R. 5453, H.R. 5672, H.R. 5622 Senate Bills and Resolutions: S. 65, S. 89, S. 119, S. 123, S. 137, S. 345, S. 364, S. 468, S. 597, S. 726, S. 889, S. 961, S. 1039, S. 1162, S. 1169, S. 1224, S. 1294, S. 1307, S. 1370, S. 1374, S. 1436, S. 1466, S. 1531, S. 1715, S. 1922, S. 1955, S. 2088, S. 2154, S. 2155, S. 2156, S. 2157, S. 2158, S. 2165, S. 2186, S. 2188, S. 2191, S. 2192, S. 2514, S. 2562, S. 2813 Non-legislative issues lobbied before Congress, the BATFE, Executive Office of the President, but not limited to: The ATF and Justice Department rulemaking on AR and AK pistol braces. We are opposed to their rulemaking. The UN Small Arms Treaty. We are opposed to the UN ATT and support the United States removing its signature. We are oppose to the ATF rule on Stabilizing Braces and the ATF rule redefining gun merchants.

H.R 38 - Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act H.R. 129 - Abolish the ATF Act (Boebert) H.R. 38 - Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act H.R. 169 - Prevent Family Fire Act of 2025 H.R. 45 - FIND Act H.R. 70 - No SmartPay for Anti-2A Companies Act H.R. 22 - SAVE Act H.R. 160 - Restoring Faith in Elections Act H.R. 25 - FairTax Act of 2025 H.R. 221 - Abolish the ATF Act (Burlison) H.R. 223 - Preventing Unjust Red Flag Laws Act of 2025 S. 65 - Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act of 2025 H.R. 373 - SAGA Act H.R. 335 - Repeal the NFA Act H.R. 350 - Prosecutors Need to Prosecute Act S. 89 - Sporting Firearms Access Act of 2025 H.R. 404 - Hearing Protection Act H.R. 454 - Safe Bases Act of 2025 H.R. 496 - Veterans 2nd Amendment Restoration Act of 2025 S. 119 - No Retaining Every Gun In a System That Restricts Your Rights Act H.R. 544 - To provide a private right of action against the maker of any component of a ghost gun, and any person who facilitated a sale of the ghost gun, for injury or death resulting from the use of the ghost gun. H.R. 545 - To direct the Attorney General to conduct a study on the efficacy of extreme risk protection orders on reducing gun violence, and for other purposes. S. 137 - FIND Act H.R. 543 - Iron Pipeline Review Act S. 123 - Handgun Permit to Purchase Act H.R. 532 - Handgun Permit to Purchase Act H.R. 563 - No REGISTRY Rights Act H.R. 624 - RIFLE Act of 2025 H.R. 607 - ATF Accountability Act of 2025 H.R. 613 - ATF Transparency Act H.R. 631 - PARTS Act of 2025 H.R. 645 - National Constitutional Carry Act S. 234 - Prosecutors Need to Prosecute Act of 2025 S. 345 - SHUSH Act H.R. 850 - Silencers Help Us Save Hearing (SHUSH) Act S. 364 - Hearing Protection Act S. 367 - Stop Arming Cartels Act of 2025 H.R. 943 - No User Fees for Gun Owners Act H.R. 923 - Stop Arming Cartels Act of 2025 H.R. 962 - Defending Veterans Second Amendment Rights Act H.R. 1097 - SECURE Firearm Storage Act S. 468 - SECURE Firearm Storage Act H.R. 1041 - Veterans 2nd Amendment Protection Act S. 478 - Veterans 2nd Amendment Protection Act of 2025 H.R. 1111 - Department of Peacebuilding Act of 2025 H.R. 1181 - Protecting Privacy in Purchases Act H.R. 1224 - Protecting the Second Amendment in Financial Services Act H.R. 1272 - Secure Storage Information Act of 2025 H.R. 1307 - Office of Gun Violence Prevention Act of 2025 S. 595 - Office of Gun Violence Prevention Act of 2025 S. 597 - Age 21 Act S. 560 - EAGLES Act of 2025 H.R. 1299 - EAGLES Act of 2025 S.Con.Res.7 - An original concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2025 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2026 through 2034 H.Con.Res. 14 - Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2025 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2026 through 2034 S. 679 - LEOSA Reform Act H.R. 1456 - Gun Trafficker Detection Act H.R. 1564 - To amend chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code, to require the safe storage of firearms, and for other purposes. S. 726 - Ethan's Law H.R. 1643 - SAFER Voter Act H.R. 1740 - Default Proceed Sale Transparency Act H.R. 1698 - Law Enforcement Protection and Privacy Act of 2025 H.R. 1749 - Safe Storage Lockers for House Office Buildings Act S. 803 - Keep Americans Safe Act H.R. 1674 - Keep Americans Safe Act H.R. 1773 - Federal Firearms Licensee Protection Act of 2025 S. 884 - ATF Transparency Act H.R. 1907 - Defense Against Drones Act of 2025 S. 889 - Extreme Risk Protection Order Expansion Act of 2025 H.R. 1968 - Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 H.R. 1987 - To amend title 38, United States Code, to direct the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to establish a program to furnish to certain individuals items used for the secure storage of firearms, and for other purposes. H.R. 2039 - Protecting the Right to Keep and Bear Arms Act of 2025 H.R. 2060 - Travelers Gun Rights Act S. 966 - Traveler's Gun Rights Act S. 926 - A bill to amend title 38, United States Code, to direct the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to establish a program to furnish to certain veterans items used for the secure storage of firearms, and for other purposes. H.R. 2070 - Protect Our Military Families 2nd Amendment Rights Act S. 961 - Protect Our Military Families 2nd Amendment Rights Act S. 1039 - PARTS Act H.R. 2105 - Preventing Illegal Weapons Trafficking Act of 2025 H.R. 2184 - Firearm Due Process Protection Act H.R. 2189 - Law-Enforcement Innovate to De-Escalate Act of 2025 H.R. 2267 - NICS Data Reporting Act H.R. 2243 - LEOSA Reform Act of 2025 H.R. 2255 - Federal Law Enforcement Officer Service Weapon Purchase Act H.R. 2368 - Raise the Age Act of 2025 S. 1162 - Stop Harassing Owners of Rifles Today (SHORT) Act H.R. 2442 - Freedom from Unfair Gun Taxes Act of 2025 S. 1169 - A bill to prohibit State excise taxes on firearms and ammunition manufacturers and dealers. H.R. 2395 - SHORT Act H.R. 2552 - RIFLE Act S. 1224 - A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to repeal the firearm transfer tax, and for other purposes. H.R. 2531 - Workplace Violence Prevention for Health Care and Social Service Workers Act H.R. 2577 - PLAN for School Safety Act of 2025 H.R. 2648 - To amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit a person who fails to meet age and residential requirements from shipping, transporting, possessing, or receiving firearms and ammunition, to increase the penalties for transfer of a firearm to any person who is under indictment, and for other purposes. H.R. 2618 - To modernize the business of selling firearms. S. 1294 - A bill to modernize the business of selling firearms. S. 1283 - A bill to modernize Federal firearms laws to account for advancements in technology and less-than-lethal weapons, and for other purposes. H.R. 2650 - To amend title 18, United States Code, to prohibit the sale or other disposition of any firearm or ammunition to any person who has been convicted of a violent misdemeanor, and for other purposes. S. 1307 - A bill to allow certain qualified law enforcement officers and retired law enforcement officers to carry concealed firearms to protect children in school zones. H.R. 2698 - To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to direct the Department of Homeland Security to bolster security against threats posed by ghost guns, and for other purposes. H.R. 2552 - RIFLE Act H.R. 2577 - PLAN for School Safety Act of 2025 S. 1224 - RIFLE Act S. 1283 - Innovate to De-Escalate Modernization Act H.R. 2618 - Federal Firearm Licensee Act S. 1294 - Federal Firearm Licensee Act H.R. 2650 - End Gun Violence Act of 2025 H.R. 2648 - Secure Background Checks Act of 2025 S. 1307 - Police Officers Protecting Children Act H.R. 2698 - To amend the Homeland Security Act of 2002 to direct the Department of Homeland Security to bolster security against threats posed by ghost guns, and for other purposes. S. 1374 - BUMP Act H.R. 2799 - Closing the Bump Stock Loophole Act of 2025 S. 1370 - GOSAFE Act H.R. 2790 - GOSAFE Act H.Res. 339 - Supporting the Second Amendment's guarantee that the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed, and commending President Trump and his administration as they work to protect Second Amendment freedoms by reviewing and eliminating any of the Biden administration's infringements on American's constitutional freedoms. H.R. 3034 - NFA SBS Act H.R. 3111 - Fresh Start Act of 2025 S. 1531 - Assault Weapons Ban of 2025 H.R. 3115 - Assault Weapons Ban of 2025 S. 1652 - Protecting Communities and Preserving the Second Amendment Act of 2025 H.R. 3228 - Constitutional Hearing Protection Act H.R. 1 - One Big Beautiful Bill Act H.R. 3823 - TRACE Act H.R. 3868 - Enhanced Background Checks Act of 2025 H.R. 18 - Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2025 H.R. 3944 - Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 H.R. 3945 - Firearm Destruction Licensure Act of 2025 S. 2088 - Firearm Destruction Licensure Act of 2025 S. 2156 - MASS Act H.R. 4111 - MASS Act S. 2155 - Keeping Gun Dealers Honest Act of 2025 H.R. 4106 - Prevent Illegal Gun Sales Act S. 2157 - Gun Violence Prevention Through Financial Intelligence Act H.R. 4143 - 3D Printed Gun Safety Act of 2025 S. 2165 - 3D Printed Gun Safety Act of 2025 S. 2186 - Preventing Pretrial Gun Purchases Act H.R. 4173 - Preventing Pretrial Gun Purchases Act S. 2191 - AMMO Act H.R. 4174 - ATF DATA Act S. 2188 - ATF DATA Act H.R. 4213 - Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2026 H.R. 4227 - AMMO Act H.R. 4224 - Background Check Point of Contact Act of 2025 H.R. 4225 - Protect Children Through Safe Gun Ownership Act H.R. 4242 - Innovate Less Lethal to De-Escalate Tax Modernization Act H.R. 4223 - Gun Records Restoration and Preservation Act H.R. 4220 - Gun Violence Prevention Through Financial Intelligence Act H.R. 4252 - Extreme Risk Protection Order Expansion Act of 2025 S.Amdt. 2402 to S.Amdt. 2360 - Repeal of Certain Laws Related to Switchblade Knives H.R. 3770 - FIREARM Act S.Amdt. 2360 to H.R. 1 - Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute S.Amdt. 1822 to H.Con.Res. 14 - Deficit-Neutral Reserve Fund Relating to Putting Veterans First S.Amdt. 2079 to S.Amdt. 1717 - Deficit-Neutral Reserve Fund Relating to Putting Veterans First

H.R. 1, One Big Beautiful Bill Act H.R. 145, Risk Disclosure and Investor Attestation Act H.R. 654, Taking Account of Bureaucrats Spending (TABS) Act of 2025 H.R. 1013, Retirement Fairness for Charities and Educational Institutions Act of 2025 H.R. 1109, Litigation Transparency Act of 2025 H.R. 1190, Expanding Access to Capital for Rural Job Creators Act H.R. 1827/S. 847, Child Care Availability and Affordability Act H.R. 1900, Bank Failure Prevention Act of 2025 H.R. 2225, Access to Small Business Investor Capital Act H.R. 2441/S. 1877, the Improving Disclosures for Investors Act of 2025 H.R. 2675 Protecting Our Courts From Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025 H.R. 2702/S. 875, Financial Integrity and Regulation Management (FIRM) Act H.R. 3230, Financial Institution Regulatory Tailoring Enhancement Act H.R. 3301, ELEVATE Act of 2025 H.R. 3323, Helping Startups Continue to Grow Act H.R. 3339, Equal Opportunity for Investors Act of 2025 H.R. 3343, Greenlighting Growth Act of 2025 H.R. 3348, Accredited Investor Definition Review Act H.R. 3351, Improving Access to Small Business Information Act H.R. 3352, HALOS Act of 2025 H.R. 3357, Enhancing Multi-Class Share Disclosures Act H.R. 3379, HUMPS Act of 2025 H.R. 3380, TAILOR Act of 2025 H.R. 3381, Encouraging Public Offerings Act of 2025 H.R. 3382, Small Entity Update Act H.R. 3383, Increasing Investor Opportunities Act H.R. 3394, Fair Investment Opportunities for Professional Experts Act H.R. 3395, Middle Market IPO Underwriting Cost Act H.R. 3422, Promoting Opportunities for Non-Traditional Capital Formation Act H.R. 3645, ACCESS Act of 2025 H.R. 3672, Securities Research Modernization Act H.R. 3673, Small Business Investor Capital Access Act H.R. 3682, Financial Stability Oversight Council Improvement Act of 2025 H.R. 3959, Protecting Private Job Creators Act S. 985, PROTECT USA Act S. 1605, International Competition for American Jobs Act H.J.Res. 59/S.J.Res. 18, Disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions" S.J.Res. 28, A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications" Potential legislation to use the Congressional Review Act to overturn a Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) rule that removes medical debt from credit reports Potential legislation similar to H.R. 448, Putting Investors First Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2025/S. 840, Litigation Funding Transparency Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2579, the Developing and Empowering our Aspiring Leaders Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2590, Unlocking Capital for Small Business Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2607, Improving Crowdfunding Opportunities Act, 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2609, Small Entrepreneur Empowerment and Development Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2651, Regulation A+ Improvement Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2622, to amend the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 to codify certain Securities and Exchange Commission no-action letters that exclude brokers and dealers compensated for certain research services from the definition of investment adviser Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2799, the Investment Opportunity Expansion Act, 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 2790, the Improving Capital Allocation for Newcomers Act of 2021 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 4168/S. 2005, Mandatory Materiality Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 5488/S. 2805, Protecting Our Courts from Foreign Manipulation Act of 2023 Potential legislation similar to H.R. 6623/S. 2068, Main Street Growth Act Potential legislation similar to H.R. 9924, Litigation Transparency Act of 2024 Potential legislation to repeal the SECs Universal Proxy Rule of 2021 Potential legislation to expand Well Known Seasoned Issuer eligibility Potential legislation to amend the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act to repeal certain rulemaking requirements Nomination of Jonathan Gould to be the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) Nomination of Michelle Bowman as Vice Chair of Supervision for the Federal Reserve Board of Governors Nomination of Paul Atkins to be Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) SEC Proposed Rule on the Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors (87 Fed. Reg. 21,334-21,473, April 11, 2022) Final Rule, Securities Exchange Commission, on Cybersecurity Risk Management, Strategy, Governance, and Incident Disclosure (88 Fed. Reg. 51,896-51,945, September 5, 2023) Proposed Rule, Consumer Financial Protection Bureau; Protecting Americans from Harmful Data Broker Practices (Regulation V) (89 Fed. Reg. 101,402, December 13, 2024) Various issues relating to SEC Best Interest and Enhancing Investment Adviser Regulation relating to broker-dealers, registered investment advisers, conflicts of interest; potential federal preemption of state fiduciary standards; CFTCs de minimis Exception for Swap Dealers; Securities and Exchange Commission amendments to the Commissioners whistleblower rules file no. S7-16-18; proxy process, proxy advisory firms, and other related aspects of corporate governance; corporate common ownership; adoption of the current expected credit loss (CECL) accounting standard; role of credit reporting agencies (CRAs) in the U.S. economy; debt collection practices (regulation F) under the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (P.L. 95-109); qualified mortgage definition under the Truth in Lending Act (P.L. 90-321) (Regulation Z); Financial Stability Oversight Council activities, including the approach to and designation of systemic importance and risk of nonbank financial companies and firms; Federal Reserve Systems Large Institution Supervision Coordinating Committee; potential housing finance reform legislation; enforcement of Securities and Exchange Commission penalties; federal interest rate authority; Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Bank Secrecy Act (BSA) reform; electronic consent-based SSN Verification Service (eCBSV); environmental, social, and governance (ESG) enforcement; information collection under the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) (P.L. 95-128); potential Financial Transaction Tax (FTT); potential Treasury Department proposal relating to tax reporting by banks; investment company cross trading; potential money market fund reform measures; transition to the secured overnight financing rate; implementation of SEC Rule 15c2-11; Department of Labor fiduciary advice exemption: PTE 2020-02; benefits of risk-based pricing; mobile disclosures; modernization of the Credit Repair Organizations Act (enacted as Title IV of the Consumer Credit Protection Act, P.L. 90-321); Internal Revenue Service Priority Guidance Plan; Financial Accounting Standards Board improvements to income tax disclosures; Climate-Related Financial Risk Management for Large Banks; Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) regulatory sandbox for disclosures; CFPB Policy Fellowship program; CFPB amendment of its Supervision and Examination Manual; CFPB conflation of Distinct Statutory Concepts of Unfairness and Discrimination; CFPB Small Business Advisory Review Panels Rulemaking on Personal Financial Data Rights; CFPB implementation of the Small Business Lending Data Collection Rule (the 1071 Rule); SEC Open-End Fund Liquidity Risk Management Programs and Swing Pricing; Form N-PORT Reporting (File Number S7-26-22); Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Proposal on Corporate Governance and Risk Management; Basel III Endgame Rule; FDIC Monitoring of Investment Funds Passivity Agreements; issues related to the Export-Import Bank of the United States; European Unions (EU) Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD); Consumer Financial Protection Circular 2024-05, Improper Overdraft Opt-In Practices; Executive Order 14036, Promoting Competition in the American Economy; recommendations for Securities and Exchange Commission regulatory agenda; EU sustainable finance action plan and incorporating ESG factors into financial services; reporting metrics of American companies under the EUs Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive and Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive; reform to the function of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; rulemaking regarding corporate exemptions for shareholder proposals under SEC Rule 14a-8; index fund passivity; rulemaking regarding reform to the proxy voting advice industry at the SEC; request for comment from SEC on potential revisions to executive compensation disclosure; request for comment from SEC on potential revisions to definition of Foreign Private Issuer; SEC Compliance and Disclosure Interpretations: Regulation 13D-G (February 11, 2025); potential policy affirming materiality as the standard for corporate disclosure at the SEC; draft report language proposed for Appropriations FSGG to direct the SEC to update regulations to promote e-delivery of information to investors; draft report language proposed for Appropriations FSGG to restore the 2019 Guidance regarding the designation of nonbank financial firms as systemically important institutions; oversight issues and potential legislation on third party litigation funding, including its national security implications

The National Association for Gun Rights advocates on behalf of gun owners for pro-Second Amendment related public policy issues including but not limited to the following subject areas and their respective executive departments/agencies and legislative committees: Firearms, ammunition, accessories, right to possess purchase own and carry, background checks, mental health, NICS, registration requirements/databases, federal gun free zones, NFA of 1934, GCA of 1968, gun related Executive Orders, actions, nominations or treaties, 1st and 4th amendment protections for gun owners, and related appropriations. In each case, NAGR opposes gun control and supports removing restrictions on the right to bear arms. Legislation before the 119th Congress that NAGR is actively following and lobbying on may include, but is not limited to: House Bills and Resolutions: H.R. 38, H.R. 45, H.R. 60, H.R. 129, H.R. 169, H.R. 221, H.R. 223, H.R. 335, H.R. 373, H.R. 404, H.R. 454, H.R. 496, H.R. 532, H.R. 543, H.R. 544, H.R. 556, H.R. 563, H.R. 607, H.R. 613, H.R. 624, H.R. 631, H.R. 645, H.R. 850, H.R. 943, H.R. 962, H.R. 1041, H.R. 1097, H.R. 1181, H.R. 1224, H.R. 1272, H.R. 1307, H.R. 1456, H.R. 1564, H.R. 1643, H.R. 1698, H.R. 1740, H.R. 2039, H.R. 2060, H.R. 2070, H.R. 2184, H.R. 2189, H.R. 2243, H.R. 2255, H.R. 2267, H.R. 2368, H.R. 2395, H.R. 2442, H.R. 2552, H.R. 2618, H.R. 2648, H.R. 2650, H.R. 2790, H.R. 2799, H.R. 2826, H.R. 2915, H.R. 2930, H.R. 3033, H.R. 3034, H.R. 3129, H.R. 3228, H.R. 18, H.R. 2649, H.R. 2698, H.R. 2837, H.R. 2948, H.R. 3039, H.R. 3115, H.R. 3373, H.R. 3740, H.R. 3770, H.R. 3823, H.R. 3868, H.R. 3945, H.R. 3998, H.R. 4064, H.R. 4103, H.R. 4106, H.R. 4111, H.R. 4143, H.R. 4152, H.R. 4173, H.R. 4174, H.R. 4198, H.R. 4220, H.R. 4221, H.R. 4222, H.R. 4223, H.R. 4224, H.R. 4225, H.R. 4227, H.R. 4251, H.R. 4252, H.R. 4261, H.R. 4270 Senate Bills and Resolutions: S. 65, S. 89, S. 119, S. 123, S. 137, S. 345, S. 364, S. 468, S. 597, S. 726, S. 889, S. 961, S. 1039, S. 1162, S. 1169, S. 1224, S. 1294, S. 1307, S. 1370, S. 1374, S. 1436, S. 1466, S. 1531, S. 1715, S. 1922, S. 1955, S. 2088, S. 2154, S. 2155, S. 2156, S. 2157, S. 2158, S. 2165, S. 2186, S. 2188, S. 2191, S. 2192 Non-legislative issues lobbied before Congress, the BATFE, Executive Office of the President, but not limited to: The ATF and Justice Department rulemaking on AR and AK pistol braces. We are opposed to their rulemaking. The UN Small Arms Treaty. We are opposed to the UN ATT and support the United States removing its signature. We are oppose to the ATF rule on Stabilizing Braces and the ATF rule redefining gun merchants.

Advocacy of greater use of ignition interlock devices to prevent drunk driving and drunk driving-related fatalities. Work with federal agencies in order to encourage states to pass strong ignition interlock laws, including implementation of relevant provisions in FAST Act and drunk driving prevention sections of the Invest in America Act. H.R. 2799 End Driving While Intoxicated Act of 2025

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $60,000

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Natl Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), SENATE

The National Association for Gun Rights advocates on behalf of gun owners for pro-Second Amendment related public policy issues including but not limited to the following subject areas and their respective executive departments/agencies and legislative committees: Firearms, ammunition, accessories, right to possess purchase own and carry, background checks, mental health, NICS, registration requirements/databases, federal gun free zones, NFA of 1934, GCA of 1968, gun related Executive Orders, actions, nominations or treaties, 1st and 4th amendment protections for gun owners, and related appropriations. In each case, NAGR opposes gun control and supports removing restrictions on the right to bear arms. Legislation before the 119th Congress that NAGR is actively following and lobbying on may include, but is not limited to: House Bills and Resolutions: H.R. 38, H.R. 45, H.R. 60, H.R. 129, H.R. 169, H.R. 221, H.R. 223, H.R. 335, H.R. 373, H.R. 404, H.R. 454, H.R. 496, H.R. 532, H.R. 543, H.R. 544, H.R. 556, H.R. 563, H.R. 607, H.R. 613, H.R. 624, H.R. 631, H.R. 645, H.R. 850, H.R. 943, H.R. 962, H.R. 1041, H.R. 1097, H.R. 1181, H.R. 1224, H.R. 1272, H.R. 1307, H.R. 1456, H.R. 1564, H.R. 1643, H.R. 1698, H.R. 1740, H.R. 2039, H.R. 2060, H.R. 2070, H.R. 2184, H.R. 2189, H.R. 2243, H.R. 2255, H.R. 2267, H.R. 2368, H.R. 2395, H.R. 2442, H.R. 2552, H.R. 2618, H.R. 2648, H.R. 2650, H.R. 2790, H.R. 2799, H.R. 2826, H.R. 2915, H.R. 2930, H.R. 3033, H.R. 3034, H.R. 3129, H.R. 3228 Senate Bills and Resolutions: S. 65, S. 89, S. 119, S. 123, S. 137, S. 345, S. 364, S. 468, S. 597, S. 726, S. 889, S. 961, S. 1039, S. 1162, S. 1169, S. 1224, S. 1294, S. 1307, S. 1370, S. 1374, S. 1436 Non-legislative issues lobbied before Congress, the BATFE, Executive Office of the President, but not limited to: The ATF and Justice Department rulemaking on AR and AK pistol braces. We are opposed to their rulemaking. The UN Small Arms Treaty. We are opposed to the UN ATT and support the United States removing its signature. We are oppose the ATF rule on Stabilizing Braces and the ATF rule redefining gun merchants.