Patient-Focused Critical Care Enhancement Act

H.R.6331, Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act of 2008, including Sec. 144. Payment and coverage improvements for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other conditions; S. 718 & H.R.3886, Patient-Focused Critical Care Enhancement Act; S.334, Healthy Americans Act; 45 CFR Part 46 regarding the protection of human subject in research as interpreted and implemented by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $30,000

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS), SENATE

Asthma control; Medicare reform; S. 718 and HR 3886; pulmonary rehab; clinical trial standards, OHRP, S. 2029, disaster preparedness. Health Information Technology; HR 6331

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $60,000

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS), SENATE

The Family Asthma Act S2175/HR3904 Patient Focused Critical Care Enhancement Act 2007 - S718- HR 3886 Fund efforts for a COPD program at CDC - comment letter Support for general Immunization Policy - comment letter

Client expense: $150,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: Centers For Disease Control & Prevention (CDC), Centers For Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SENATE

Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions contained bills in which would offer Medicare, Medicaid and/or SCHIP to more children, create parity in coverage of mental health benefits, foster reform at the state level, stabilize trauma care, prevent healthcare acquired infections, ensure hospital preparedness, expand the use of health information technology, provide funding for Ryan White programs, increase and stabilize the healthcare workforce HR 2357; MediKids Health Insurance Act of 2007"; to create a new federal healthcare program to provide comprehensive health benefits to children S 1218 /HR 2034, Medicare for All Act; expanding the Medicare program to those under age 65. S 1169; State-Based Health Care Reform Act; to create a five-year pilot program in several states to develop coverage plans for the uninsured HR 1424; Paul Wellstone Mental Health and Addiction Equity Act require group health plans to provide comparable treatment limits and beneficiary cost sharing for medical and mental health benefits. HR 1663, Medicare Mental Health Modernization Act to provide mental health parity in private health insurance and Medicare, and improves coverage for cost-effective and community-based mental health treatment services for seniors and people with disabilities S 895/HR 1535; Children's Health First Act allow states to expand children's health coverage to families up to 400 percent of the Federal poverty level HR 1308S/764, Legal Immigrant Children's Health Improvement Act to permit states the option of coverage of legal immigrants under the Medicaid Program and the State Children's Health Insurance Program S 558, Mental Health Parity Act of 2007 would preserve state laws that are more comprehensive while creating parity in health plans offering mental health coverage by equating financial requirements and treatment limitations for mental health benefits with medical and surgical benefits. S 325/HR 506, Health Partnership Act would provide grants to individual states, groups of states, and portions of states to test various health reform strategies HR1111, Kids Come First Act to ensure that every uninsured child in America has health insurance coverage, HR 3162, "Children's Health and Medicare Protection Act" HR 976 in the Senate, Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act S 2049, The Better Health for America's Children Act," to block a new policy to limit states' ability to enroll children in the State Children's Health Insurance Program S 2152, Kids First Actalternative SCHIP bill that would restrict coverage to individuals younger than age 19 in low-income families HR 3963; Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act revised bill to extend and expand the State Childrens Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) HR 2055 Improving Children's Access to Health Care Act, to improve children's access to health care coverage under the Medicaid Program and the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions which would stabilize medical emergency reimbursement, HR 882, Access to Emergency Services Act that would increase by 10 percent Medicare reimbursements to physicians who provide care in emergency departments (EDs) or post-stabilization care related to emergency medical conditions in other areas of hospitals S 657, A bill to amend the Public Health Service Act to add requirements regarding trauma care Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions to ensure patient safety, H.J.RES. 20, Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 2007 provision annual fit-testing of respirators for occupational exposure to tuberculosis. S 2278/HR 4214 Community and Healthcare-Associated Infections Reduction Act to improve the prevention, detection, and treatment of community and healthcare-associated infections Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions to ensure emergency preparedness, HR 727, Trauma Care Systems Planning and Development Act of 2007 would authorize an additional $46 million between fiscal years 2008 and 2012 in spending for rural medical centers that treat patients during times of national crisis HJ Res. 20, Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 2007, extending program to provide funds for hospital preparedness S Con Res 21/H Con Res 99, Budget resolution -- extending program to provide funds for hospital preparedness HR 3043; Labor, HHS Appropriations bill, provide funds for hospital preparedness Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions to promote the use of health information technology: S 1418, Wired for Health Care Quality Act HR3043/S1710, Appropriations Labor, Health and Human Services (HHS), Education, and Related Agencies FY 08, funding for HIT programs HR 1467, 10,000 Trained by 2010 Act, award competitive grants for basic research on innovative approaches to improve health care information systems HR 2406, Healthcare Information Technology Enterprise Integration,guidelines and mechanisms to promote the integration of the healthcare information enterprise. S 1408, Health Information Technology Act, would provide tax incentives and resources to offset the costs of investing in new health information technology. HJ Res. 20, Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 2007, extending program to provide funds for HIT S Con Res 21/H Con Res 99, Budget resolution -- extending program to provide funds for HIT HR 3043, Labor, HHS Appropriations bill, provide funds for HIT HR 2764; omnibus appropriations bill for FY2008 provide funds for HIT Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions funding HIV/AIDS programs: HJ Res. 20, Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 2007, extending program to provide funds for Ryan White programs S Con Res 21/H Con Res 99, Budget resolution -- extending program to provide funds for Ryan White programs HR3043/S1710, FY 2008 Labor HHS Appropriations Bill, funding for Ryan White programs HR 2764; omnibus appropriations bill for FY2008, funding for Ryan White programs Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions to ensure sufficient workforce within in the healthcare sector S 1604, Nursing Education and Quality of Health Care Act, increases the nurse workforce in rural areas, expands nursing school faculty, and develops initiatives to integrate patient safety practices into nursing education HR 2122, Safe Nursing and Patient Care Act of 2007", limiting the number of mandatory overtime hours a nurse may be required to work S 1639, Comprehensive Immigration Reform, the point-based system for visas, to give nurses special consideration under the point system HR800/S1041, Employee Free Choice Act, require the NLRB to certify a bargaining representative if a majority of the bargaining unit employees have authorized designation of the representative (card-check) HR 2123, Nurse Staffing Standards for Patient Safety and Quality Care Act, to establish direct care registered nurse-to-patient staffing ratio requirements in hospitals HR 378, Nurse and Patient Safety & Protection Act direct the Secretary of Labor to issue an occupational safety and health standard to reduce injuries to patients, direct-care registered nurses, and other health care providers by establishing a safe patient handling standard. HR 1644, Re-Empowerment of Skilled and Professional Employees and Construction Tradesworkers (RESPECT) Act, to amend the National Labor Relations Act to clarify the definition of "supervisor" S446, Nurse Education, Expansion, and Development (NEED) Act, grants based on the number of nursing students enrolled to hire and retain new nursing faculty S 718, The Patient-Focused Critical Care Enhancement Act, provision study the impact of differences in staffing, organization, size, and structure of intensive care units on access, quality, and efficiency of care HJ Res. 20, Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 2007, extending program to provide funds for Nursing Education programs, , national health service corp HR 677, Nursing School Capacity Act authorize IOM study to identify constraints encountered by schools of nursing in admitting and graduating sufficient number of nurses S1577, Patient Safety and Abuse Prevention Act screening of direct patient access employees HR3043/S1710; Labor, HHS Appropriations bill; nursing education, national health service corp. S 588/HR 1093, Resident Physician Shortage Act, to expand the number of physician training positions in 24 states with shortages HR 5924, The Emergency Nurse Supply Relief Act, which would address the retrogression backlog of visas for internationally-educated nurses who have been hired by U.S. hospitals but are not able to come here because of the unavailability of an employment-based (EB) visa.

Asthma control; Medicare reform; S. 718 and HR 3886; pulmonary rehab; clinical trial standards, OHRP, S. 2029, disaster preparedness. Health Information Technology; HR 6331

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $10,000

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS), SENATE

Asthma control; Medicare reform; S. 718 and HR 3886; pulmonary rehab; clinical trial standards, OHRP, S. 2029, disaster preparedness. Health Information Technology; HR 6331

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $6,000

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS), SENATE

Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions contained bills in which would offer Medicare, Medicaid and/or SCHIP to more children, create parity in coverage of mental health benefits, foster reform at the state level, stabilize trauma care, prevent healthcare acquired infections, ensure hospital preparedness, expand the use of health information technology, provide funding for Ryan White programs, increase and stabilize the healthcare workforce. HR 2357; MediKids Health Insurance Act of 2007"; to create a new federal healthcare program to provide comprehensive health benefits to children S 1218 /HR 2034, Medicare for All Act; expanding the Medicare program to those under age 65. S 1169; State-Based Health Care Reform Act; to create a five-year pilot program in several states to develop coverage plans for the uninsured HR 1424; Paul Wellstone Mental Health and Addiction Equity Act require group health plans to provide comparable treatment limits and beneficiary cost sharing for medical and mental health benefits. HR 1663, Medicare Mental Health Modernization Act to provide mental health parity in private health insurance and Medicare, and improves coverage for cost-effective and community-based mental health treatment services for seniors and people with disabilities S 895/HR 1535; Children's Health First Act allow states to expand children's health coverage to families up to 400 percent of the Federal poverty level HR 1308S/764, Legal Immigrant Children's Health Improvement Act to permit states the option of coverage of legal immigrants under the Medicaid Program and the State Children's Health Insurance Program S 558, Mental Health Parity Act of 2007 would preserve state laws that are more comprehensive while creating parity in health plans offering mental health coverage by equating financial requirements and treatment limitations for mental health benefits with medical and surgical benefits. S 325/HR 506, Health Partnership Act would provide grants to individual states, groups of states, and portions of states to test various health reform strategies HR1111, Kids Come First Act to ensure that every uninsured child in America has health insurance coverage, HR 3162, "Children's Health and Medicare Protection Act" HR 976 in the Senate, Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act S 2049, The Better Health for America's Children Act," to block a new policy to limit states' ability to enroll children in the State Children's Health Insurance Program S 2152, Kids First Actalternative SCHIP bill that would restrict coverage to individuals younger than age 19 in low-income families HR 3963; Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act revised bill to extend and expand the State Childrens Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) HR 2055 Improving Children's Access to Health Care Act, to improve children's access to health care coverage under the Medicaid Program and the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions which would stabilize medical emergency reimbursement, HR 882, Access to Emergency Services Act that would increase by 10 percent Medicare reimbursements to physicians who provide care in emergency departments (EDs) or post-stabilization care related to emergency medical conditions in other areas of hospitals S 657, A bill to amend the Public Health Service Act to add requirements regarding trauma care Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions to ensure patient safety, H.J.RES. 20, Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 2007 provision annual fit-testing of respirators for occupational exposure to tuberculosis. S 2278/HR 4214 Community and Healthcare-Associated Infections Reduction Act to improve the prevention, detection, and treatment of community and healthcare-associated infections Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions to ensure emergency preparedness, HR 727, Trauma Care Systems Planning and Development Act of 2007 would authorize an additional $46 million between fiscal years 2008 and 2012 in spending for rural medical centers that treat patients during times of national crisis HJ Res. 20, Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 2007, extending program to provide funds for hospital preparedness S Con Res 21/H Con Res 99, Budget resolution -- extending program to provide funds for hospital preparedness HR 3043; Labor, HHS Appropriations bill, provide funds for hospital preparedness Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions to promote the use of health information technology: S 1418, Wired for Health Care Quality Act HR3043/S1710, Appropriations Labor, Health and Human Services (HHS), Education, and Related Agencies FY 08, funding for HIT programs HR 1467, 10,000 Trained by 2010 Act, award competitive grants for basic research on innovative approaches to improve health care information systems HR 2406, Healthcare Information Technology Enterprise Integration,guidelines and mechanisms to promote the integration of the healthcare information enterprise. S 1408, Health Information Technology Act, would provide tax incentives and resources to offset the costs of investing in new health information technology. HJ Res. 20, Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 2007, extending program to provide funds for HIT S Con Res 21/H Con Res 99, Budget resolution -- extending program to provide funds for HIT HR 3043, Labor, HHS Appropriations bill, provide funds for HIT HR 2764; omnibus appropriations bill for FY2008 provide funds for HIT Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions funding HIV/AIDS programs: HJ Res. 20, Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 2007, extending program to provide funds for Ryan White programs S Con Res 21/H Con Res 99, Budget resolution -- extending program to provide funds for Ryan White programs HR3043/S1710, FY 2008 Labor HHS Appropriations Bill, funding for Ryan White programs HR 2764; omnibus appropriations bill for FY2008, funding for Ryan White programs Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including provisions to ensure sufficient workforce within in the healthcare sector S 1604, Nursing Education and Quality of Health Care Act, increases the nurse workforce in rural areas, expands nursing school faculty, and develops initiatives to integrate patient safety practices into nursing education HR 2122, Safe Nursing and Patient Care Act of 2007", limiting the number of mandatory overtime hours a nurse may be required to work S 1639, Comprehensive Immigration Reform, the point-based system for visas, to give nurses special consideration under the point system HR800/S1041, Employee Free Choice Act, require the NLRB to certify a bargaining representative if a majority of the bargaining unit employees have authorized designation of the representative (card-check) HR 2123, Nurse Staffing Standards for Patient Safety and Quality Care Act, to establish direct care registered nurse-to-patient staffing ratio requirements in hospitals HR 378, Nurse and Patient Safety & Protection Act direct the Secretary of Labor to issue an occupational safety and health standard to reduce injuries to patients, direct-care registered nurses, and other health care providers by establishing a safe patient handling standard. HR 1644, Re-Empowerment of Skilled and Professional Employees and Construction Tradesworkers (RESPECT) Act, to amend the National Labor Relations Act to clarify the definition of "supervisor" S446, Nurse Education, Expansion, and Development (NEED) Act, grants based on the number of nursing students enrolled to hire and retain new nursing faculty S 718, The Patient-Focused Critical Care Enhancement Act, provision study the impact of differences in staffing, organization, size, and structure of intensive care units on access, quality, and efficiency of care HJ Res. 20, Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 2007, extending program to provide funds for Nursing Education programs, , national health service corp HR 677, Nursing School Capacity Act authorize IOM study to identify constraints encountered by schools of nursing in admitting and graduating sufficient number of nurses S1577, Patient Safety and Abuse Prevention Act screening of direct patient access employees HR3043/S1710; Labor, HHS Appropriations bill; nursing education, national health service corp. S 588/HR 1093, Resident Physician Shortage Act, to expand the number of physician training positions in 24 states with shortages

The Family Asthma Act S2175/HR3904 Patient Focused Critical Care Enhancement Act 2007 - S718- HR 3886

Client expense: $45,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: Centers For Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SENATE

FDA tobacco reform; asthma control; Medicare reform; NIH publishing issue, S. 718 and HR 3886; pulmonary rehab; clinical trial standards

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $40,000

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS), SENATE

SCHIP- Children's Health Insurance S 718/ HR 3886 Patient Focused Critical Care Enhancement Act 2007 HR 2184- Enhances Health Care Value for All Act 2007 HR 3904/ S 2175 The Family Asthma Act

Client expense: $225,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: Centers For Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS), SENATE, Transportation, Dept of (DOT), UNDETERMINED

FDA tobacco reform; asthma control; Medicare reform; NIH publishing issue, S.718 and HR 3886

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $140,000

Making flight possible for oxygen users HEALTH Act of 2007 S718 - Patient Focused Critical Care Enhancement Act ICD10 - timely implementation Participated with ALA in amicus brief to EPS on airborne particulate matter CDC budget increase for FY08

Client expense: $275,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: Centers For Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Food & Drug Administration (FDA), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS), SENATE, Transportation, Dept of (DOT)

medical emergency reimbursement, HR 882, S 657; patient safety, H.J.RES. 20, S Con Res 21/H Con Res 99; emergency preparedness, HR 727, HJ Res. 20, S Con Res 21/H Con Res 99; information technology: S 1418, HR3043/S1710, HR 1467, HR 2406, S 1408, HJ Res. 20, S Con Res 21/H Con Res 99; funding for HIV/AIDS programs: HJ Res. 20, S Con Res 21/H Con Res 99, HR3043/S1710; workforce, S 1604, HR 2122, S 1639, HR800/S1041, HR 2123, HR 378, HR 1644, S446, S 718, HJ Res. 20, HR 677, S1577. Legislation to expand health care coverage and access including but not limited to HR 2357, S 1218 /HR 2034, S 1169; HR 1424, HR 1663, S 895/HR 1535; HR 1308/S764, S 558, S 325/HR 506, HR1111

Client expense: $380,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: Centers For Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), Executive Office of the President (EOP), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS), SENATE, White House Office

H.R. 1688 All Healthy Children Act of 2007 S. 325 Health Partnership Act H.R. 15 National Health Insurance Act S. 1169 State Based Health Reform Act S. 1564 All Healthy Children Act of 2007 H.R. 1329 Guaranteed Access for SCHIP’s Target Population Act of 2007 S. 1221 Countdown to Coverage Act of 2007 H.R. 2639 Promoting Health for Future Generations Act of 2007 S. 273 Prescription Drug and Health Improvement Act of 2007 H.R. 2971 Health Care Accountability Act S. 1102 Part D Equity for Low Income Seniors Act of 2007 S. 1753 Health Workforce Act of 2007 S. 1455 National Health Information Technology and Privacy Advancement Act of 2007 S. 1218 Medicare for All Act H.R. 2034 Medicare for All Act S. 895 Children’s Health First Act H.R. 2995 Small Business Liability Reform Act of 2007 H.R. 1012 Small Business Growth Act of 2007 H.R. 1542 Healthy Families Act H.R. 1626 Family Health Care Accessibility Act of 2007 S. 733 Promoting Health Care Purchasing Cooperatives Act H.R. 2351 HealthCARE Act 2007 S. 40 National Insurance Act of 2007 H.R. 493 Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2007 S. 359 Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act of 2007 H.R. 677 The Nursing School Capacity Act of 2007 S. 446 Nurse Education, Expansion, and Development Act 0f 2007 H.R. 772 Nurse Education, Expansion, and Development Act 0f 2007 S. 605 Allied Health Reinvestment Act S. 620 Community – Based Health Care Retraining Act H.R. 1279 Direct Support Professionals Fairness and Security Act of 2007 H.R. 1134 Physical Therapist Student Loan Repayment Eligibility Act of 2007 S. 718 Patient – Focused Critical Care Enhancement Act H.R. 1884 National Health Service Corps Improvement Act of 2007 Act H.R. 410 United States Physician Shortage Elimination Act S.224 Standards to Provide Educational Achievement for All Kids H.R. 325 Standards to Provide Educational Achievement for All Kids H.R. 2497 Fair and Reliable Medical Justice Act S. 1481 Fair and Reliable Medical Justice Act H.R. 1174 Healthy Hospitals Act of 2007 H.R. 378 Nurse and Patient Safety and Protection Act of 2007 H.R. 2123 Nurse Staff and Standards for Patient Safety and Quality Care Act of 2007 S. 628 Critical Access to Health Information Technology Act of 2007 S. 1408 Health Information Technology Act of 2007 S. 1577 Patient Safety and Abuse Prevention Act of 2007 S. 1693 Wired for Health Care Quality Act H.R. 2723 Children’s Healthcare Quality Act S. 1226 Children’s Healthcare Quality Act H.R. 1952 National Health Information Incentive Act of 2007 H. R. 2580 Help Efficient, Accessible, Low cost, Timely Healthcare (HEALTH) Act of 2007 S. 1364 Healthy Kids Act of 2007 S. 484 Enhancing Drug Safety and Innovation Act of 2007 H.R. 1561 Enhancing Drug Safety and Innovation Act of 2007 S. 1082 Prescription Drug User Fee Amendments of 2007 H.R. 3014 Health Equity and Accountability Act of 2007 H.R. 1165 SAFE Drug Act S. 1023 “To amend Title XXI of the Social Security Act […]” S. 554 Act for our Kids H.R. 1200 American Health Security Act of 2007 H.R. 15 National Health Insurance Act S. 1224 Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) Reauthorization Act of 2007 H.R. 1368 Personalized Health Information Act of 2007 H.R. 676 United States National Health Insurance Act H.R. 1459 “To improve Medicare beneficiary access […]” H.R. 2737 Health Care Relief Act of 2007 S. 1714 Small Business Children’s Health Education Act of 2007 S. 1198 HealthCARE Act of 2007 H.R. 1802 Keeping Small Business Healthy Act of 2007 H.R. 2626 Comprehensive HealthCARE Act of 2007 H.R. 2842 Children’s Health Protection Act of 2007 S. 95 Kids Come First Act of 2007 H.R. 1111 Kids Come First Act of 2007 H.R. 493 Genetic Information Non-Discrimination Act of 2007 H.R. 2948 Increased Access to Health Insurance Act of 2007 S. 158 Access to Affordable Health Care Act S. 358 Genetic Information Non-Discrimination Act of 2007 H.R. 1012 Small Business Growth Act of 2007 H.R. 2147 Health Kids Act of 2007 S. 1298 Healthy Businesses, Healthy Workers Reinsurance Act of 2007 S. 21 Prevention First Act H.R. 819 Prevention First Act H.R. 593 Children’s Health Insurance Promotion Act of 2007 H.R. 1666 Health Care Price Transparency Promotion Act of 2007 H.R. 2302 Health Insurance Affordability Act of 2007 H.R. 2359 SBA Entrepreneurial Development Programs Act of 2007 H.R. 2357 MediKids Health Insurance Act of 2007 S. 401 Keep Children Covered Act of 2007 S. 2512 Reducing Coverage Gaps for Kids Act of 2007 H.R. 2055 Improving Children’s Access to Health Care Act of 2007 S. 1213 Children’s Express Lane to Heath Coverage Act of 2007 S. 334 Healthy Americans Act S. 1019 Universal Healthcare Choice and Access Act H.R. 1535 Children's Health First Act S. 895 Children's Health First Act

Tobacco control/cessation; asthma control; Medicare reform; NIH publishing issue, S.718.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $140,000

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Health & Human Services, Dept of (HHS), Office of Management & Budget (OMB), SENATE, White House Office