Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act of 2025

Hydropower tax policy, including clean energy provisions in the reconciliation package and the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act - H.R. 2160/S.1183. Water Resources Development Act of 2026 - H.R. 9497/S.4949. Legislation related to hydropower licensing reform.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $40,000

Issues related to clean energy project development (including siting, permitting, interconnection or contracting), electricity market design, transmission, energy storage, demand response or micro grid projects. Legislation and regulatory policies impacting existing fossil and nuclear power plants. H.R.301: Geothermal Energy Opportunity (GEO) Act; H.R.573: Studying NEPAs Impact on Projects Act; H.R.603: Reinforcing the Grid Against Extreme Weather Act; H.R.1047: Guaranteeing Reliability through the Interconnection of Dispatchable (GRID) Power Act (queue jumping); H.R.1077/S.456: Streamlining Thermal Energy Through Advanced Mechanisms (STEAM) Act; H.R.1698: Committing Leases for Energy Access Now (CLEAN) Act; H.R.1994: Public Land Renewable Energy Development Act of 2025; H.R.2072/S.1020: A bill on hydro relicensing; H.R.2301: To promote the development of renewable energy on public land, and for other purposes.; H.R.2703: Advancing Grid-Enhancing Technologies Act of 2025; H.R.2813: Small Modular Reactor Commercialization Act; H.R.2986: Expediting Generator Interconnection Procedures Act of 2025; H.R.3638: Electric Supply Chain Act; H.R.3751: Reliable Grid Act; H.R.4503: ePermit Act; H.R.4776: Standardizing Permitting and Expediting Economic Development (SPEED) Act; H.R.5576: Enhancing Geothermal Production on Federal Lands Act; H.R.5587: Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources (HEATS) Act; H.R.5600: SPEED and Reliability Act; H.R.5631: Geothermal Ombudsman for National Deployment and Optimal Review Act; H.R.5639/S.896: Co-location Energy Act; H.R.5964: Integrated Resource Planning Modernization Act; H.R.6176: Electricity Transmission Scorecard Act; H.R. 6287: Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Modernization Act of 2025; H.R.6336/S.3287: Fair Allocation of Interstate Rates Act (changes to beneficiary pays cost allocation); H.R.6357: TVA Increase Rate of Participation (TVA IRP) Act; H.R.6529: Protecting Families from AI Data Center Energy Costs Act; H.R.6633: High-Capacity Grid Act; H.R.6709: Office of Fusion Act; H.R.6805: Expand scope of the advanced reactor demonstration program; as well as the Create Expedited Reviews to Transform American Infrastructure Now (CERTAIN) Act discussion draft; H.R.522:, the Unleashing Low-Cost Rural AI Act; S.3088/H.R.5441: the Fusion Advanced Manufacturing Parity Act; S.3016: the Advancing Research in Nuclear Fuel Recycling Act of 2025; H.R.1687: the CLEAN Act; S.1183: Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act of 2025. H.R.7568: Hot Rock Act; S. 3814: ARC Act of 2026; S.3518: the Fair Licensing for Operations of Water Structures (FLOWS) Act; H.R.6474: To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to expand the meaning and eligibility of energy communities for purposes of the increased renewable electricity production and increased clean electricity investment credit rates; H.R.3657 Hydropower Licensing Transparency Act; S.1968 Working Waterfronts Act; H.R.5597 BECCS Advancement Commission Act; HR.5617 Geothermal Gold Book Development Act; H.R.7606: the Powering Productivity Act; H.R.7607: the Energy METRIC Act; H.R.7741/S.3926: digital energy management tools; S.3497: the Reconductoring Existing Wires for Infrastructure Reliability and Expansion (REWIRE) Act; S.4166: the GEO Power Act

Issues related to various clean energy credits and guidance, including the advanced manufacturing production tax credit; and a potential transmission tax incentive. Enactment and implementation of H.R.1: the One Big Beautiful Bill Act and its provisions and amendments related to clean energy including tax credits and foreign entities of concern; H.R.5441/S.3088: Fusion Advanced Manufacturing Parity Act; S.1183/H.R.2160: Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act; Implementation of Treasury EO Executive Order 14315, Ending Market Distorting Subsidies for Unreliable, Foreign-Controlled Energy Sources for clean energy; H.R.6476 To amend the internal revenue code of 1986 to expand the meaning and edibility of energy communities; H.R.6474: the Parity for Nuclear Energy Investment Act; H.R.6873: the Geothermal Tax Parity Act

Client expense: $210,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Internal Revenue Service (IRS), SENATE, Treasury, Dept of

Hydropower HR 2160 / S. 1183 - The Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act

Client expense: $56,700 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SENATE

Discussed possible regulations to implement section 26 USC 7701(a)(51)(D)(i)(l)(dd), prohibited foreign entity debt test (15 percent). Discussed support for regulations implementing 26 USC 7701(51)(D)(i)(I)(dd) regarding the prohibited foreign entity debt test (15 percent) to exempt publicly offered debt or stipulate that the underwriter of publicly offered debt is the issuee for purposes of the text. Discussed support of possible changes to 26 CFR 1.141-7, Special Rules for Output Facilities, to accommodate long-term customized commercial contracts and acquisition of existing output facilities to serve large load customers. Discussed support for elective payment of energy tax credits in the Inflation Reduction Act (26 USC 6817). Discussed concerns with implementation of the domestic content requirements necessary to access elective pay provisions in the Inflation Reduction Act (Pub. Law 117-169, sections 13101(g)(2), 13102(l), 13701, and 13702). Discussed support for simplifying the qualification for elective payment under 26 USC 6417 (no legislation). Discussed support for H.R. 2160/S. 1183, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to establish tax credits environmental and safety upgrades at non-federal hydropower projects (all provisions). Discussed support for H.R. 1255, the Investing in Our Communities Act, legislation that would enable public power utilities to better manage the debt they use to finance critical infrastructure investments (all provisions). Discussed the importance of municipal bonds, which are used by public power utilities to build energy infrastructure. Discussed support for S. 1481, the Lifting Our Communities through Advanced Liquidity for Infrastructure Act, legislation that would enable public power utilities to better manage the debt they use to finance critical infrastructure investments (all provisions). Discussed opposition to potential legislation to amend, in whole or in part, 26 USC 103, tax exemption for municipal bonds. Discussed support for potential legislation to increase the $10 million small issue threshold in 26 USC 265(b)(3) to $30 million. Discussed opposition to proposed changes to tax-exempt financing to encourage the privatization of public infrastructure through asset recycling (no legislation). Discussed the potential effect of energy and natural gas prepayment transactions on tax-exempt financing.

H. Res. Pending: Expressing support for the designation of July 10th as Journeyman Lineworkers Recognition Day.; all provisions H.R. 471: Fix Our Forests Act; all provisions H.R. 1355: Weatherization Enhancement and Readiness Act of 2025; all provisions H.R. 2072: To require the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to extend the time period during which licensees are required to commence construction of certain hydropower projects; all provisions H.R. 3657: Hydropower Licensing Transparency Act; all provisions H.R. 3699: Energy Choice Act; all provisions H.R. 4626: Home Appliance Protection and Affordability Act; all provisions H.R. 4690: Reliable Federal infrastructure Act; all provisions H.R. 4776: Standardizing Permitting and Expediting Economic Development (SPEED) Act; all provisions H.R. 5079: Widespread Information Management for the Welfare of Infrastructure and Government Act; provisions related to critical infrastructure security/cybersecurity H.R. 5301: Promoting Innovation in Pipeline Efficiency and Safety (PIPES) Act of 2025; provisions related to pipeline safety H.R. 6176: Electricity Transmission Scorecard Act; all provisions H.R. 6177: Grid Research and Development Act; all provisions H.R. 6529: Protecting Families from AI Data Center Energy Costs Act; all provisions H.R. 6633: High-Capacity Grid Act; all provisions H.R. 7257: Securing Community Upgrades for a Resilient (SECURE) Grid Act; all provisions H.R. 8495: Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2027; provisions related to spectrum H.R. 8800: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2027; provisions related to cybersecurity H.R. 8889: National Dam and Hydropower Safety Improvements Act of 2026; all provisions H.R. 9022: Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2027; provisions related to the Department of Energy and energy efficiency programs H.R. 9171: Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2027; provisions related to Tribal Health Programs H.R. 9260: Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2027; provisions related to the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program funding H.R. 9332: Load Forecasting Enhancement Act; all provisions H.R. 9335: Advanced Transmission Technology to Reduce Rates Act; all provisions H.R. 9337: Hydropower Licensing Affordability Act; all provisions H.R. 9338: Pipeline Safety Authorization Act of 2026; all provisions H.R. 9339: Affordable Innovation for the Grid Act; all provisions H.R. 9340: Ratepayer Protection Act; all provisions S. Res. 794: Expressing support for the designation of July 10th as Journeyman Lineworkers Recognition Day.; all provisions S. 1020: Build More Hydro Act; all provisions S. 1183: Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act; all provisions S. 1337: Cybersecurity Information Sharing Extension Act; all provisions S. 2975: PIPELINE Safety Act of 2025; all provisions S. 3500: Hydropower Licensing Transparency Act; all provisions S. 3518: FLOWS Act; all provisions S. 3852: GRID Act; all provisions S. 3926: E-Access Act; all provisions General discussions related to the Clean Air Act-Section 111(d) and EPA 111(d) rules related to Greenhouse Gas Standards and Guidelines for Fossil Fuel-Fired Power Plants General discussions related to the Clean Air Act - Section 202(a) and EPA Reconsideration of 2009 Endangerment Finding and GHG Vehicle Standards Public Law 119-74 (H.R. 6938): The Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; And Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026; provisions related to Dept. of Energy, energy efficiency programs and Dept. of Interior tribal health programs Public Law 119-75 (H.R. 7148): The Consolidated Appropriations Act; provisions related to Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program funding FCC WT Docket No. 22-323; provisions related to 5 GHz Band Spectrum FCC WT Docket No. 24-99; provisions related to 900 MHz Band Spectrum FCC WT Docket No. 24-240; provisions related to 00 MHz Band Spectrum General discussions related to resilience tax credits and grant proposals General discussions related to Counter-Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (cUAS) authority General discussions related to Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) General discussions related to wildfire safety, emergency coordination, grid modernization, liability, and permitting issues General discussions related to nuclear issues and relicensing of Diablo Canyon Power Plant General discussions related to electromagnetic spectrum assignment, licensing, and usage General discussions related to cybersecurity and grid security General discussions related to hydrogen production and use General discussions related to California utility rate and energy procurement issues General discussions related to electric vehicles and charging infrastructure General discussion related to the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) and transmission reform General discussion related to Department of Energy funding programs General discussion related to renewable natural gas production and use General discussion related to hydropower issues and relicensing of hydropower assets General discussion related to offshore wind issues General discussion related to AI/datacenter siting and electricity demand General discussions related to grid security issues for critical infrastructure General discussion related to Energy Storage Safety Research & Development General discussion related to Geothermal energy development General discussion related to Energy and Electricity Affordability; Clean Energy and Energy Efficiency Tax Credits General discussion related to Grid planning and FERC proceedings General discussion related to natural gas issues General discussion related to power transformer supply chain issues

H. Res. Pending: Expressing support for the designation of July 10th as Journeyman Lineworkers Recognition Day.; all provisions H.R. 471: Fix Our Forests Act; all provisions H.R. 1355: Weatherization Enhancement and Readiness Act of 2025; all provisions H.R. 2072: To require the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to extend the time period during which licensees are required to commence construction of certain hydropower projects; all provisions H.R. 2709: Save Our Sequoias Act; all provisions H.R. 3657: Hydropower Licensing Transparency Act; all provisions H.R. 3699: Energy Choice Act; all provisions H.R. 4626: Home Appliance Protection and Affordability Act; all provisions H.R. 4690: Reliable Federal infrastructure Act; all provisions H.R. 4776: Standardizing Permitting and Expediting Economic Development (SPEED) Act; all provisions H.R. 5079: Widespread Information Management for the Welfare of Infrastructure and Government Act; provisions related to critical infrastructure security/cybersecurity H.R. 6176: Electricity Transmission Scorecard Act; all provisions H.R. 6177: Grid Research and Development Act; all provisions H.R. 6473: The Facilitating Increased Resilience, Environmental Weatherization And Lowered Liability (FIREWALL) Act; all provisions H.R. 6529: Protecting Families from AI Data Center Energy Costs Act; all provisions H.R. 6633: High-Capacity Grid Act; all provisions H.R. 7257: Securing Community Upgrades for a Resilient (SECURE) Grid Act; all provisions H.R. 8495: Financial Services and General Government Appropriations Act, 2027; provisions related to spectrum H.R. 8800: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2027; provisions related to cybersecurity H.R. 8870: BUILD America 250 Act; provisions related to electric vehicles and charging infrastructure H.R. 8889: National Dam and Hydropower Safety Improvements Act of 2026; all provisions H.R. 9022: Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2027; provisions related to the Department of Energy and energy efficiency programs H.R. 9171: Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2027; provisions related to Tribal Health Programs H.R. 9260: Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2027; provisions related to the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program funding H.R. 9332: Load Forecasting Enhancement Act; all provisions H.R. 9335: Advanced Transmission Technology to Reduce Rates Act; all provisions H.R. 9337: Hydropower Licensing Affordability Act; all provisions H.R. 9339: Affordable Innovation for the Grid Act; all provisions H.R. 9340: Ratepayer Protection Act; all provisions S. Res. 794: Expressing support for the designation of July 10th as Journeyman Lineworkers Recognition Day.; all provisions S. 1020: Build More Hydro Act; all provisions S. 1183: Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act; all provisions S. 1337: Cybersecurity Information Sharing Extension Act; all provisions S. 3500: Hydropower Licensing Transparency Act; all provisions S. 3518: FLOWS Act; all provisions S. 3852: GRID Act; all provisions S. 3926: E-Access Act; all provisions General discussions related to the Clean Air Act-Section 111(d) and EPA 111(d) rules related to Greenhouse Gas Standards and Guidelines for Fossil Fuel-Fired Power Plants General discussions related to the Clean Air Act - Section 202(a) and EPA Reconsideration of 2009 Endangerment Finding and GHG Vehicle Standards Public Law 119-21 (H.R. 1): One Big Beautiful Bill Act; provisions related to tax Public Law 119-74 (H.R. 6938): The Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; And Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026; provisions related to Dept. of Energy, energy efficiency programs and Dept. of Interior tribal health programs Public Law 119-75 (H.R. 7148): The Consolidated Appropriations Act; provisions related to Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program funding Public Law 117-58: Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act; all provisions related to electric vehicles, grid resilience, clean energy, energy efficiency and wildfires Public Law 117-169: Inflation Reduction Act of 2022; all provisions Public Law 115-97: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act; provisions related to interest deductibility, capital gains, dividends, and corporate tax rate Public Law 115-141: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018; provisions related to Section 512 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act FCC WT Docket No. 22-323; provisions related to 5 GHz Band Spectrum FCC WT Docket No. 24-99; provisions related to 900 MHz Band Spectrum FCC WT Docket No. 24-240; provisions related to 00 MHz Band Spectrum General discussions related to disaster funding General discussions related to grid security issues for critical infrastructure General discussions related to resilience tax credits and grant proposals General discussions related to wildfire safety, emergency coordination, grid modernization, liability, and permitting issues General discussions related to Counter-Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (cUAS) authority General discussions related to Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) General discussions related to cybersecurity and grid security General discussions related to nuclear issues and relicensing of Diablo Canyon Power Plant General discussions related to electromagnetic spectrum assignment, licensing, and usage General discussions related to hydrogen production and use General discussions related to California utility rate and energy procurement issues General discussions related to electric vehicles and charging infrastructure General discussion related to the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) and transmission reform General discussion related to Department of Energy funding programs General discussion related to renewable natural gas production and use General discussion related to hydropower issues and relicensing of hydropower assets General discussion related to offshore wind issues General discussion related to AI/datacenter siting and electricity demand General discussion related to Energy Storage Safety Research & Development General discussion related to Geothermal energy development General discussion related to Energy and Electricity Affordability; Clean Energy and Energy Efficiency Tax Credits General discussion related to Grid planning and FERC proceedings General discussion related to natural gas issues General discussion related to power transformer supply chain issues

Hydropower tax policy, including clean energy provisions in the reconciliation package and the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act - H.R 2160/S. 1183. Legislation related to hydropower licensing reform. Water Resources Development Act of 2026 - H.R. 9497.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $40,000

Hydropower tax policy, including clean energy provisions in the reconciliation package and the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act - H.R 2160/S. 1183. Legislation related to hydropower licensing reform. Water Resources Development Act of 2026 - H.R. 9497.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $40,000

H.R. 2160, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to support upgrades at existing hydroelectric dams in order to increase clean energy production, improve the resiliency and reliability of the United States electric grid, enhance the health of the Nations rivers and associated wildlife habitats, and for other purposes. S. 1183, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to support upgrades at existing hydroelectric dams in order to increase clean energy production, improve the resiliency and reliability of the United States electric grid, enhance the health of the Nations rivers and associated wildlife habitats, and for other purposes. H.R. 3291, the Certainty for our Energy Future Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to terminate the clean electricity production credit and clean electricity investment credit with respect to certain technologies, and for other purposes. H.R. 1, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, this bill reduces taxes, reduces or increases spending for various federal programs, increases the statutory debt limit, and otherwise addresses agencies and programs throughout the federal government. It is known as a reconciliation bill and includes legislation submitted by several congressional committees pursuant to provisions in the FY2025 congressional budget resolution (H Con. Res. 14) that directed the committees to submit legislation to the House or Senate Budget Committee that will increase or decrease the deficit and increase the statutory debt limit by specified amounts. (Reconciliation bills are considered by Congress using expedited legislative procedures that prevent a filibuster and restrict amendments in the Senate.)

Hydropower HR 2160 / S. 1183 - The Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act

Client expense: $120,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SENATE

H.R. 2160, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to support upgrades at existing hydroelectric dams in order to increase clean energy production, improve the resiliency and reliability of the United States electric grid, enhance the health of the Nations rivers and associated wildlife habitats, and for other purposes. S. 1183, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to support upgrades at existing hydroelectric dams in order to increase clean energy production, improve the resiliency and reliability of the United States electric grid, enhance the health of the Nations rivers and associated wildlife habitats, and for other purposes. H.R. 3291, the Certainty for our Energy Future Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to terminate the clean electricity production credit and clean electricity investment credit with respect to certain technologies, and for other purposes. H.R. 1, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, this bill reduces taxes, reduces or increases spending for various federal programs, increases the statutory debt limit, and otherwise addresses agencies and programs throughout the federal government. It is known as a reconciliation bill and includes legislation submitted by several congressional committees pursuant to provisions in the FY2025 congressional budget resolution (H Con. Res. 14) that directed the committees to submit legislation to the House or Senate Budget Committee that will increase or decrease the deficit and increase the statutory debt limit by specified amounts. (Reconciliation bills are considered by Congress using expedited legislative procedures that prevent a filibuster and restrict amendments in the Senate.)

H.R. 471: Fix Our Forests Act; all provisions H.R. 1355: Weatherization Enhancement and Readiness Act of 2025; all provisions H.R. 3657: Hydropower Licensing Transparency Act; all provisions H.R. 3699: Energy Choice Act; all provisions H.R. 4626: Home Appliance Protection and Affordability Act; all provisions H.R. 4690: Reliable Federal infrastructure Act; all provisions H.R. 4776: Standardizing Permitting and Expediting Economic Development (SPEED) Act; all provisions H.R. 5079: Widespread Information Management for the Welfare of Infrastructure and Government Act; provisions related to critical infrastructure security/cybersecurity H.R. 5301: Promoting Innovation in Pipeline Efficiency and Safety (PIPES) Act of 2025; provisions related to pipeline safety H.R. 6176: Electricity Transmission Scorecard Act; all provisions H.R. 6177: Grid Research and Development Act; all provisions FY27 Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Bill; provisions related to the Department of Energy and energy efficiency programs FY27 Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Bill; provisions related to Tribal Health Programs FY27 Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Bill; provisions related to the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program funding S. 1020: Build More Hydro Act; all provisions S. 1183: Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act; all provisions S. 2975: PIPELINE Safety Act of 2025; provisions related to pipeline safety S. 3500: Hydropower Licensing Transparency Act; all provisions S. 3518: FLOWS Act; all provisions S. 3852: GRID Act; all provisions S. 3926: E-Access Act; all provisions General discussions related to the Clean Air Act-Section 111(d) and EPA 111(d) rules related to Greenhouse Gas Standards and Guidelines for Fossil Fuel-Fired Power Plants General discussions related to the Clean Air Act - Section 202(a) and EPA Reconsideration of 2009 Endangerment Finding and GHG Vehicle Standards Public Law 119-4 (H.R. 1968): Full Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025: provisions related to Tribal Health Programs, Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program funding, and energy efficiency programs Public Law 119-74 (H.R. 6938): The Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; And Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026; provisions related to Dept. of Energy, energy efficiency programs and Dept. of Interior tribal health programs Public Law 119-75 (H.R. 7148): The Consolidated Appropriations Act; provisions related to Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program funding FCC WT Docket No. 22-323; provisions related to 5 GHz Band Spectrum FCC WT Docket No. 24-99; provisions related to 900 MHz Band Spectrum FCC WT Docket No. 24-240; provisions related to 00 MHz Band Spectrum General discussions related to resilience tax credits and grant proposals General discussions related to Counter-Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (cUAS) authority General discussions related to Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) General discussions related to wildfire safety, emergency coordination, grid modernization, liability, and permitting issues General discussions related to nuclear issues and relicensing of Diablo Canyon Power Plant General discussions related to electromagnetic spectrum assignment, licensing, and usage General discussions related to cybersecurity and grid security General discussions related to hydrogen production and use General discussions related to California utility rate issues General discussions related to electric vehicles and charging infrastructure General discussion related to the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) and transmission reform General discussion related to Department of Energy funding programs General discussion related to renewable natural gas production and use General discussion related to hydropower issues and relicensing of hydropower assets General discussion related to offshore wind issues General discussion related to AI/datacenter siting and electricity demand General discussions related to grid security issues for critical infrastructure General discussion related to Energy Storage Safety Research & Development General discussion related to Geothermal energy development General discussion related to Energy and Electricity Affordability; Clean Energy and Energy Efficiency Tax Credits

H. Res. 575: Expressing support for the designation of July 10th as Journeyman Lineworkers Recognition Day.; all provisions H.R. 471: Fix Our Forests Act; all provisions H.R. 1355: Weatherization Enhancement and Readiness Act of 2025; all provisions H.R. 2709: Save Our Sequoias Act; all provisions H.R. 3657: Hydropower Licensing Transparency Act; all provisions H.R. 3699: Energy Choice Act; all provisions H.R. 4626: Home Appliance Protection and Affordability Act; all provisions H.R. 4690: Reliable Federal infrastructure Act; all provisions H.R. 4776: Standardizing Permitting and Expediting Economic Development (SPEED) Act; all provisions H.R. 5079: Widespread Information Management for the Welfare of Infrastructure and Government Act; provisions related to critical infrastructure security/cybersecurity H.R. 6176: Electricity Transmission Scorecard Act; all provisions H.R. 6177: Grid Research and Development Act; all provisions H.R. 6473: The Facilitating Increased Resilience, Environmental Weatherization And Lowered Liability (FIREWALL) Act; all provisions FY27 Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Bill; provisions related to the Department of Energy and energy efficiency programs FY27 Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Bill; provisions related to Tribal Health Programs FY27 Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Bill; provisions related to the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program funding S. Res. 315: Expressing support for the designation of July 10th as Journeyman Lineworkers Recognition Day.; all provisions S. 1020: Build More Hydro Act; all provisions S. 1183: Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act; all provisions S. 2975: PIPELINE Safety Act of 2025; provisions related to pipeline safety S. 3500: Hydropower Licensing Transparency Act; all provisions S. 3518: FLOWS Act; all provisions S. 3852: GRID Act; all provisions S. 3926: E-Access Act; all provisions General discussions related to the Clean Air Act-Section 111(d) and EPA 111(d) rules related to Greenhouse Gas Standards and Guidelines for Fossil Fuel-Fired Power Plants General discussions related to the Clean Air Act - Section 202(a) and EPA Reconsideration of 2009 Endangerment Finding and GHG Vehicle Standards Public Law 119-4 (H.R. 1968): Full Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025: provisions related to Tribal Health Programs, Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program funding, and energy efficiency programs Public Law 119-21 (H.R. 1): One Big Beautiful Bill Act; provisions related to tax Public Law 119-74 (H.R. 6938): The Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; And Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026; provisions related to Dept. of Energy, energy efficiency programs and Dept. of Interior tribal health programs Public Law 119-75 (H.R. 7148): The Consolidated Appropriations Act; provisions related to Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program funding Public Law 117-58: Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act; all provisions related to electric vehicles, grid resilience, clean energy, energy efficiency and wildfires Public Law 117-169: Inflation Reduction Act of 2022; all provisions Public Law 115-97: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act; provisions related to interest deductibility, capital gains, dividends, and corporate tax rate Public Law 115-141: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018; provisions related to Section 512 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act FCC WT Docket No. 22-323; provisions related to 5 GHz Band Spectrum FCC WT Docket No. 24-99; provisions related to 900 MHz Band Spectrum FCC WT Docket No. 24-240; provisions related to 00 MHz Band Spectrum General discussions related to disaster funding General discussions related to grid security issues for critical infrastructure General discussions related to resilience tax credits and grant proposals General discussions related to wildfire safety, emergency coordination, grid modernization, liability, and permitting issues General discussions related to Counter-Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (cUAS) authority General discussions related to Uncrewed Aircraft Systems (UAS) General discussions related to cybersecurity and grid security General discussions related to nuclear issues and relicensing of Diablo Canyon Power Plant General discussions related to electromagnetic spectrum assignment, licensing, and usage General discussions related to hydrogen production and use General discussions related to California utility rate issues General discussions related to electric vehicles and charging infrastructure General discussion related to the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) and transmission reform General discussion related to Department of Energy funding programs General discussion related to renewable natural gas production and use General discussion related to hydropower issues and relicensing of hydropower assets General discussion related to offshore wind issues General discussion related to AI/datacenter siting and electricity demand General discussion related to Energy Storage Safety Research & Development General discussion related to Geothermal energy development General discussion related to Energy and Electricity Affordability; Clean Energy and Energy Efficiency Tax Credits

Discussed the Cybersecurity and Information Security Agencys (CISA) work to implement the Cyber Incident Reporting for Critical Infrastructure Act (passed as Division Y of P.L. 117-103) - provisions regarding the scope of the rulemaking and harmonization of cyber incident reporting with other reporting mandates. Discussed support for reauthorizing the Rural and Municipal Utility Grant and Technical Assistance (RMUC) Program as authorized in section 40124 of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act of 2021. Discussed support for H.R. 7266, the Rural and Municipal Utility Cybersecurity Act (all provisions) to reauthorize the Rural and Municipal Utility Grant and Technical Assistance (RMUC) Program as authorized in section 40124 of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act of 2021. Discussed support for S. 2983, the Protecting America from Cyber Threats Act (all provisions), to reauthorize the Cybersecurity Information Security Act of 2015 (CISA 2015). Discussed support for a replacement to the Critical Infrastructure Partnership Advisory Council at the Department of Homeland Security to facilitate interaction between governmental entities and representatives from the community of critical infrastructure owners and operators. (no legislation). Discussed support for H.R. 7258, the Energy Emergency Leadership Act, to elevate the Department of Energys energy emergency and cybersecurity responsibilities by requiring those critical functions to be led by a Senate-confirmed Assistant Secretary (all provisions). Discussed support for H.R. 2160/S. 1183, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to establish tax credits environmental and safety upgrades at non-federal hydropower projects (all provisions). Discussed general APPA support for hydropower licensing and relicensing reform, including amending section 4(e) of the Federal Power Act (16 USC ch. 12) to limit mandatory conditions and fishway prescriptions and section 241 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (P.L. 109-58) to extend trial-type hearing rights to alternative conditions under section 33 of the Federal Power Act (no legislation). Discussed the need to amend sections 4(e) and 18 of the Federal Power Act so that mandatory conditions and fishway prescriptions address only direct project effects, like those from the construction, operation, or maintenance of the licensed project (no legislation). Discussed support for S. 3518, the Fair Licensing for Operations of Water Structures (FLOWS) Act of 2025, to amend the Federal Power Act to address certain alterations in, and the maintenance and repair of, project works, to provide for the licensing of micro hydrokinetic energy projects (all provisions). Discussed support for H.R. 2072, the Build More Hydro Act, to require the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to extend the period during which licensees are required to commence construction of certain hydropower projects (all provisions). Discussed H.R. 7940, the Safeguarding Aquatic Fisheries and Ecosystem (SAFE) Pathways Act, to amend the Federal Power Act to require the consideration of invasive species when prescribing fishways. Discussed the need for permitting reform, including changes to the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and other environmental statutes, to help expedite the siting and permitting of energy projects to meet rising electricity demand (no legislation). Discussed concerns with sections 401 and 402 in S. 4753, the Energy Permitting Reform Act of 2024, which would expand the Federal Energy Regulatory Commissions jurisdiction over non-jurisdictional entities under section 201(f) of the Federal Power Act. Discussed how interregional transmission planning should be left to each region of the country rather than imposing a one-size-fits-all federal mandate for each region to maintain a minimum level of transfer capability with its neighbors (no legislation). Discussed maintaining the existing beneficiary-pays cost allocation principle for transmission under the Federal Power Act to require the costs of a transmission project to be allocated to beneficiaries in a way that is roughly commensurate with the estimated benefits (no legislation). Discussed general support for legislation that would remove duplicative NEPA requirements for the National Interest Electric Transmission Corridor designation and siting processes (no legislation). Discussed H.R. 7786, the SPEED & Reliability Act (all provisions), from the 118th Congress, to remove duplicative NEPA requirements for the National Interest Electric Transmission Corridor designation and siting processes. Discussed concerns with H.R. 5600, the SPEED & Reliability Act (all provisions), to remove duplicative NEPA requirements for the National Interest Electric Transmission Corridor designation and siting processes. Discussed support for H.R. 3616/S. 3034, the Reliable Power Act, to give FERC the authority to determine and mitigate the significant reliability impacts of major federal regulations (all provisions). Discussed the role of grid enhancing technologies in transmission and virtual power plants (no legislation). Discussed grid enhancing technologies and their potential ability to improve grid reliability but should only be deployed where there are clear reliability and consumer benefits (no legislation). Discussed H.R. 7977, the transmission provisions in the Energy Bills Relief Act. Discussed support for joint ownership of transmission facilities to help facilitate transmission development while keeping costs affordable for electricity customers (no legislation). Discussed S. 3947, the REWIRE Act, section 3, to provide categorical exclusions for transmission projects that increase grid capacity in existing rights-of-way by reconductoring, using grid enhancing technologies, and deploying energy storage, and section 4, to increase return on equity for reconductoring using advanced conductors. Provided feedback on draft transmission legislation to make changes to the Federal Power Act that would, among other things, expand the Federal Energy Regulatory Commissions authority over public power utilities and increase costs for their customers. Discussed H.R. 7329, the Fighting for Reliable Energy and Ending Doubt for Open Markets (FREEDOM) Act, to amend the Energy Act of 2020, the Geothermal Steam Act of 1970, the Energy Policy Act of 2005, and the Mineral Leasing Act to streamline the leasing and permitting processes of federal agencies for certain energy and mineral projects, to clarify federal authorization requirements for certain projects on non-federal land, to establish enforceable federal authorization timelines and expedited judicial remedies, to limit federal actions halting fully permitted projects, to create a de-risking compensation program. Discussed the need for permitting reform efforts to be technology neutral (no bill). Discussed draft legislation, the Create Expedited Reviews to Transform American Infrastructure Now (CERTAIN) Act, to reduce permitting delays and create a more predictable environment for infrastructure development (all provisions). Discussed Light Up Navajo project to get electricity to unserved families of the Navajo Nation (no legislation). Discussed ongoing grid hardening activities by public power utilities and needed additional investments (no legislation). Discussed potential federal funding for critical infrastructure hardening. Discussed the impact tariffs are having on public power utilities (no legislation). Discussed the impact of supply chain issues on public power utilities (no legislation). Discussed the impact from data centers on electricity prices to customers in communities that dont have data centers (FERC Docket RM26-4). Discussed strategies to address the growing burden of transmission costs, including joint ownership and the elimination of transmission incentives. Discussed wholesale electricity market development efforts in the West. Discussed the public power business model and FERCs jurisdiction over public power utilities under the Federal Power Act.

Discussed possible regulations to implement section 26 USC 7701(a)(51)(D)(i)(l)(dd), prohibited foreign entity debt test (15 percent). Discussed support of possible changes to 26 CFR 1.141-7, Special Rules for Output Facilities, to accommodate long-term customized commercial contracts. Discussed support for elective payment of energy tax credits in the Inflation Reduction Act (26 USC 6817) and the need for clarity from the Treasury Department on the implementation of section 26 USC 7701(a)(51), prohibited foreign entity debt test. Discussed support for H.R. 2160/S. 1183, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to establish tax credits environmental and safety upgrades at non-federal hydropower projects (all provisions). Discussed support for H.R. 1255, the Investing in Our Communities Act, legislation that would enable public power utilities to better manage the debt they use to finance critical infrastructure investments (all provisions). Discussed opposition to potential legislation to amend, in whole or in part, 26 USC 103, tax exemption for municipal bonds. Discussed support for potential legislation to increase the $10 million small issue threshold in 26 USC 265(b)(3) to $30 million.

Client expense: $300,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Issues related to clean energy project development (including siting, permitting, interconnection or contracting), electricity market design, transmission, energy storage, demand response or micro grid projects. Legislation and regulatory policies impacting existing fossil and nuclear power plants. H.R.301: Geothermal Energy Opportunity (GEO) Act; H.R.573: Studying NEPAs Impact on Projects Act; H.R.603: Reinforcing the Grid Against Extreme Weather Act; H.R.1047: Guaranteeing Reliability through the Interconnection of Dispatchable (GRID) Power Act (queue jumping); H.R.1077/S.456: Streamlining Thermal Energy Through Advanced Mechanisms (STEAM) Act; H.R.1698: Committing Leases for Energy Access Now (CLEAN) Act; H.R.1994: Public Land Renewable Energy Development Act of 2025; H.R.2072/S.1020: A bill on hydro relicensing; H.R.2301: To promote the development of renewable energy on public land, and for other purposes.; H.R.2703: Advancing Grid-Enhancing Technologies Act of 2025; H.R.2813: Small Modular Reactor Commercialization Act; H.R.2986: Expediting Generator Interconnection Procedures Act of 2025; H.R.3638: Electric Supply Chain Act; H.R.3751: Reliable Grid Act; H.R.4503: ePermit Act; H.R.4776: Standardizing Permitting and Expediting Economic Development (SPEED) Act; H.R.5576: Enhancing Geothermal Production on Federal Lands Act; H.R.5587: Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources (HEATS) Act; H.R.5600: SPEED and Reliability Act; H.R.5631: Geothermal Ombudsman for National Deployment and Optimal Review Act; H.R.5639/S.896: Co-location Energy Act; H.R.5964: Integrated Resource Planning Modernization Act; H.R.6176: Electricity Transmission Scorecard Act; H.R. 6287: Rural Energy for America Program (REAP) Modernization Act of 2025; H.R.6336/S.3287: Fair Allocation of Interstate Rates Act (changes to beneficiary pays cost allocation); H.R.6357: TVA Increase Rate of Participation (TVA IRP) Act; H.R.6529: Protecting Families from AI Data Center Energy Costs Act; H.R.6633: High-Capacity Grid Act; H.R.6709: Office of Fusion Act; H.R.6805: Expand scope of the advanced reactor demonstration program; as well as the Create Expedited Reviews to Transform American Infrastructure Now (CERTAIN) Act discussion draft; H.R.522:, the Unleashing Low-Cost Rural AI Act; S.3088/H.R.5441: the Fusion Advanced Manufacturing Parity Act; S.3016: the Advancing Research in Nuclear Fuel Recycling Act of 2025; H.R.1687: the CLEAN Act; S.1183: Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act of 2025. H.R.7568: Hot Rock Act; S. 3814: ARC Act of 2026; S.3518: the Fair Licensing for Operations of Water Structures (FLOWS) Act; H.R.6474: To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to expand the meaning and eligibility of energy communities for purposes of the increased renewable electricity production and increased clean electricity investment credit rates; H.R.3657 Hydropower Licensing Transparency Act; S.1968 Working Waterfronts Act; H.R.5597 BECCS Advancement Commission Act; HR.5617 Geothermal Gold Book Development Act; H.R.7606: the Powering Productivity Act; H.R.7607: the Energy METRIC Act; H.R.7741/S.3926: digital energy management tools; S.3497: the Reconductoring Existing Wires for Infrastructure Reliability and Expansion (REWIRE) Act; S.4166: the GEO Power Act

Issues related to various clean energy credits and guidance, including the advanced manufacturing production tax credit; and a potential transmission tax incentive. Enactment and implementation of H.R.1: the One Big Beautiful Bill Act and its provisions and amendments related to clean energy including tax credits and foreign entities of concern; H.R.5441/S.3088: Fusion Advanced Manufacturing Parity Act; S.1183/H.R.2160: Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act; Implementation of Treasury EO Executive Order 14315, Ending Market Distorting Subsidies for Unreliable, Foreign-Controlled Energy Sources for clean energy; H.R.6476 To amend the internal revenue code of 1986 to expand the meaning and edibility of energy communities; H.R.6474: the Parity for Nuclear Energy Investment Act; H.R.6873: the Geothermal Tax Parity Act

Client expense: $200,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Internal Revenue Service (IRS), SENATE, Treasury, Dept of

Hydropower tax policy, including clean energy provisions in the reconciliation package and the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act - H.R 2160/S. 1183. Legislation related to hydropower licensing reform.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $40,000

Hydropower tax policy, including clean energy provisions in the reconciliation package and the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act - H.R 2160/S. 1183. Legislation related to hydropower licensing reform.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $40,000

Issues related to clean energy project development (including siting, permitting, interconnection or contracting), electricity market design, transmission, energy storage, demand response or micro grid projects. Legislation and regulatory policies impacting existing fossil and nuclear power plants. H.R.301: Geothermal Energy Opportunity (GEO) Act; H.R.573: Studying NEPAs Impact on Projects Act; H.R.603: Reinforcing the Grid Against Extreme Weather Act; H.R.1047: GRID Power Act (queue jumping); H.R.1077/S.456: Streamlining Thermal Energy Through Advanced Mechanisms (STEAM) Act; H.R.1698: Committing Leases for Energy Access Now (CLEAN) Act; H.R.1994: Public Land Renewable Energy Development Act of 2025; H.R.2072/S.1020: A bill on hydro relicensing; H.R.2301: To promote the development of renewable energy on public land, and for other purposes.; H.R.2703: Advancing GETs Act of 2025; H.R.2813: Small Modular Reactor Commercialization Act; H.R.2986: Expediting Generator Interconnection Procedures Act of 2025; H.R.3638: Electric Supply Chain Act; H.R.3751: Reliable Grid Act; H.R.4503: ePermit Act; H.R.4776: SPEED Act; H.R.5576: Enhancing Geothermal Production on Federal Lands Act; H.R.5587: Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources (HEATS) Act; H.R.5600: SPEED and Reliability Act; H.R.5631: Geothermal Ombudsman for National Deployment and Optimal Review Act; H.R.5639/S.896: Co-location Energy Act; H.R.5964: Integrated Resource Planning Modernization Act; H.R.6176: Electricity Transmission Scorecard Act; H.R. 6287: REAP Modernization Act; H.R.6336/S.3287: Fair Allocation of Interstate Rates Act (changes to beneficiary pays cost allocation); H.R.6357: TVA IRP Act; H.R.6529: Protecting Families from AI Data Center Energy Costs Act; H.R.6633: High-Capacity Grid Act; H.R.6709: Office of Fusion Act; H.R.6805: Expand scope of the advanced reactor demonstration program; as well as the Create Expedited Reviews to Transform American Infrastructure Now (CERTAIN) Act discussion draft; H.R.522:, the Unleashing Low-Cost Rural AI Act; S.3088/H.R.5441: the Fusion Advanced Manufacturing Parity Act; S.3016: the Advancing Research in Nuclear Fuel Recycling Act of 2025; H.R.1687: the CLEAN Act; S.1183: Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act of 2025.

Issues related to various clean energy credits and guidance, including the advanced manufacturing production tax credit; and a potential transmission tax incentive. Enactment and implementation of H.R.1: the One Big Beautiful Bill Act and its provisions and amendments related to clean energy including tax credits and foreign entities of concern; H.R.5441/S.3088: Fusion Advanced Manufacturing Parity Act; S.1183: Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act; Implementation of Treasury EO Executive Order 14315, Ending Market Distorting Subsidies for Unreliable, Foreign-Controlled Energy Sources for clean energy.

Client expense: $300,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Internal Revenue Service (IRS), SENATE, Treasury, Dept of

Issues related to various clean energy credits and guidance; the advanced manufacturing production tax credit; and proposed transmission tax incentive. H.R.310, the Restoring Energy Market Freedom Act; H.R.1003/S.425, the Enhancing Energy Recovery Act (carbon capture); H.R.1080, the No Solar Panels on Fertile Farmland Act; H.R.1237, the PANELS Act; H.R.1462, the To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to disallow the production tax credit and investment tax credit for offshore wind facilities placed in service in the inland navigable waters of the United States or the coastal waters of the United States.; H.R.1946, the 45Q Repeal Act (carbon capture); H.R.2133, the Lakes Before Turbines Act (offshore wind); H.R.2160/S.1183, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act (hydro); H.R.2187, the To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to disallow the production tax credit and investment tax credit for offshore wind facilities placed in service in the inland navigable waters of the United States or the coastal waters of the United States..

Client expense: $150,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Hydropower HR 2160 / S. 1183 - The Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act

Client expense: $50,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SENATE

H.R. 2160, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to support upgrades at existing hydroelectric dams in order to increase clean energy production, improve the resiliency and reliability of the United States electric grid, enhance the health of the Nations rivers and associated wildlife habitats, and for other purposes. S. 1183, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to support upgrades at existing hydroelectric dams in order to increase clean energy production, improve the resiliency and reliability of the United States electric grid, enhance the health of the Nations rivers and associated wildlife habitats, and for other purposes. H.R. 3291, the Certainty for our Energy Future Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to terminate the clean electricity production credit and clean electricity investment credit with respect to certain technologies, and for other purposes. H.R. 1, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, this bill reduces taxes, reduces or increases spending for various federal programs, increases the statutory debt limit, and otherwise addresses agencies and programs throughout the federal government. It is known as a reconciliation bill and includes legislation submitted by several congressional committees pursuant to provisions in the FY2025 congressional budget resolution (H Con. Res. 14) that directed the committees to submit legislation to the House or Senate Budget Committee that will increase or decrease the deficit and increase the statutory debt limit by specified amounts. (Reconciliation bills are considered by Congress using expedited legislative procedures that prevent a filibuster and restrict amendments in the Senate.)

Issues related to clean energy project development (including siting, permitting, interconnection or contracting), electricity market design, transmission, energy storage, demand response or micro grid projects. Legislation and regulatory policies impacting existing fossil and nuclear power plants. H.R.301: Geothermal Energy Opportunity (GEO) Act; H.R.573: Studying NEPAs Impact on Projects Act; H.R.603: Reinforcing the Grid Against Extreme Weather Act; H.R.1047: GRID Power Act (queue jumping); H.R.1077/S.456: Streamlining Thermal Energy Through Advanced Mechanisms (STEAM) Act; H.R.1698: Committing Leases for Energy Access Now (CLEAN) Act; H.R.1994: Public Land Renewable Energy Development Act of 2025; H.R.2072/S.1020: A bill on hydro relicensing; H.R.2301: To promote the development of renewable energy on public land, and for other purposes.; H.R.2703: Advancing GETs Act of 2025; H.R.2813: Small Modular Reactor Commercialization Act; H.R.2986: Expediting Generator Interconnection Procedures Act of 2025; H.R.3638: Electric Supply Chain Act; H.R.3751: Reliable Grid Act; H.R.4503: ePermit Act; H.R.4776: SPEED Act; H.R.5576: Enhancing Geothermal Production on Federal Lands Act; H.R.5587: Harnessing Energy At Thermal Sources (HEATS) Act; H.R.5600: SPEED and Reliability Act; H.R.5631: Geothermal Ombudsman for National Deployment and Optimal Review Act; H.R.5639/S.896: Co-location Energy Act; H.R.5964: Integrated Resource Planning Modernization Act; H.R.6176: Electricity Transmission Scorecard Act; H.R. 6287: REAP Modernization Act; H.R.6336/S.3287: Fair Allocation of Interstate Rates Act (changes to beneficiary pays cost allocation); H.R.6357: TVA IRP Act; H.R.6529: Protecting Families from AI Data Center Energy Costs Act; H.R.6633: High-Capacity Grid Act; H.R.6709: Office of Fusion Act; H.R.6805: Expand scope of the advanced reactor demonstration program; as well as the Create Expedited Reviews to Transform American Infrastructure Now (CERTAIN) Act discussion draft; H.R.522:, the Unleashing Low-Cost Rural AI Act; S.3088/H.R.5441: the Fusion Advanced Manufacturing Parity Act; S.3016: the Advancing Research in Nuclear Fuel Recycling Act of 2025; H.R.1687: the CLEAN Act; S.1183: Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act of 2025.

Issues related to various clean energy credits and guidance, including the advanced manufacturing production tax credit; and a potential transmission tax incentive. Enactment and implementation of H.R.1: the One Big Beautiful Bill Act and its provisions and amendments related to clean energy including tax credits and foreign entities of concern; H.R.5441/S.3088: Fusion Advanced Manufacturing Parity Act; S.1183: Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act; Implementation of Treasury EO Executive Order 14315, Ending Market Distorting Subsidies for Unreliable, Foreign-Controlled Energy Sources for clean energy.

Client expense: $210,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Internal Revenue Service (IRS), SENATE, Treasury, Dept of

Hydropower tax policy, including clean energy provisions in the reconciliation package and the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act - H.R 2160/S. 1183. Legislation related to hydropower licensing reform.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $30,000

Hydropower tax policy, including clean energy provisions in the reconciliation package and the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act - H.R 2160/S. 1183. Legislation related to hydropower licensing reform.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $30,000

H.R. 2160, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to support upgrades at existing hydroelectric dams in order to increase clean energy production, improve the resiliency and reliability of the United States electric grid, enhance the health of the Nations rivers and associated wildlife habitats, and for other purposes. S. 1183, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to support upgrades at existing hydroelectric dams in order to increase clean energy production, improve the resiliency and reliability of the United States electric grid, enhance the health of the Nations rivers and associated wildlife habitats, and for other purposes. H.R. 3291, the Certainty for our Energy Future Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to terminate the clean electricity production credit and clean electricity investment credit with respect to certain technologies, and for other purposes. H.R. 1, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, this bill reduces taxes, reduces or increases spending for various federal programs, increases the statutory debt limit, and otherwise addresses agencies and programs throughout the federal government. It is known as a reconciliation bill and includes legislation submitted by several congressional committees pursuant to provisions in the FY2025 congressional budget resolution (H Con. Res. 14) that directed the committees to submit legislation to the House or Senate Budget Committee that will increase or decrease the deficit and increase the statutory debt limit by specified amounts. (Reconciliation bills are considered by Congress using expedited legislative procedures that prevent a filibuster and restrict amendments in the Senate.)

2025 Farm Bill DFC Modernization Act of 2025 (H.R.5299) Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 (H.R.4553) Incentivizing Readiness and Environmental Protection Integration Sales Act of 2025 (HR.1083/S.439) Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act (H.R.2160/S.1183) One Big Beautiful Bill Act (H.R.1) Promoting Efficient Review for Modern Infrastructure Today Act (PERMIT) Act (H.R.3898) Standardizing Permitting and Expediting Economic Development Act (SPEED) Act (H.R.4776)

Client expense: $790,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Discussed opposition to potential legislation to amend, in whole or in part, 26 USC 103, tax exemption for municipal bonds. Discussed opposition to potential budget reconciliation legislative recommendations pursuant to H.Con.Res. 14 to amend, in whole or in part, 26 USC 6817, elective payment of energy tax credits. Discussed support for possible legislation to amend 26 USC 6417, elective payment of energy tax credits. Discussed opposition to possible guidance superseding IRS Notice 2013-29, defining beginning of construction for purposes of designating a qualifying facility for certain clean energy projects. Discussed support of possible guidance relating to 26 USC 45U, existing nuclear tax credit, and 26 USC 7701(51)(a), prohibited foreign entity debt test. Discussed the need for the Treasury Department to issue 45U tax guidance for existing nuclear tax credits (no legislation). Discussed possible changes to 26 CFR 1.141-7, Special Rules for Output Facilities, to accommodate long-term customized commercial contracts. Discussed support for possible regulations to implement section 26 USC 7701(a)(51), prohibited foreign entity debt test. Discussed support for possible regulations to 26 USC 6417, elective payment of energy tax credits. Discussed support for H.R. 2160/S. 1183, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to establish tax credits environmental and safety upgrades at non-federal hydropower projects (all provisions). Discussed support for possible legislation to waiver 2 USC 20A, Statutory Pay-as-You-Go, in relation to the budget effects of P.L. 119-21, the One Big, Beautiful Bill Act of 2025.

Client expense: $290,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Hydropower HR 2160 / S. 1183 - The Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act

Client expense: $20,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SENATE

Hydropower tax policy, including clean energy provisions in the reconciliation package and the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act - H.R 2160/S. 1183. Legislation related to hydropower licensing reform.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $30,000

Hydropower tax policy, including clean energy provisions in the reconciliation package and the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act - H.R 2160/S. 1183. Legislation related to hydropower licensing reform.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $30,000

Hydropower HR 2160 / S. 1183 - The Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act

Client expense: $20,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Government targets: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SENATE

2025 Farm Bill Incentivizing Readiness and Environmental Protection Integration Sales Act of 2025 (HR.1083/ S.439) Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act (H.R.2160/S.1183) One Big Beautiful Bill Act (H.R.1)

Client expense: $2,270,000 · Firm income: Not reported

2025 Farm Bill ACRES Act (H.R.204) Action Versus No Action Act (H.R.184) Building Native Habitats at Federal Facilities Act (H.R.1500) Chesapeake Bay Conservation Acceleration Act of 2025 (H.R.2091/S.971) Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Program Reauthorization Act of 2025 (S. 1662) Colorado River Basin System Conservation Extension Act (H.R.231/S.154) Commerce Justice Science and Related Agencies Appropriations Act 2026 Commerce, Justice, Science and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2025 Cross-Boundary Wildfire Solutions Act (H.R.3922/S.2033) Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2026 Disaster Reforestation Act (H.R.262/S.1141) Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2025 Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2026 Fire Department Repayment Act of 2025 (H.R.345) Fit for Purpose Wildfire Readiness Act of 2025 (S.441) Fix Our Forests Act (H.R.471/S.1462) Forest Data Modernization Act of 2025 (H.R.1213/S.517) Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025 (H.R.1968) Further Additional Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2025 (H.R.1974/S.924) FY25 Concurrent Budget Resolution (H.Con.Res.14/S.ConRes.7) Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) Act of 2025 (H.R.284/S.528) H.R.3838 Streamlining Procurement for Effective Execution and Delivery and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2026 Help Our Kelp Act of 2025 (H.R.1124/S.513) Incentivizing Readiness and Environmental Protection Integration Sales Act of 2025 (HR.1083/ S.439) Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations, Act 2026 Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act (H.R.2160/S.1183) Modernizing Wildfire Safety and Prevention Act of 2025 (H.R.1923) National Prescribed Fire Act (H.R.3889/S.2015) Ocmulgee Mounds National Park and Preserve Establishment Act (H.R.2345/S.1131) One Big Beautiful Bill Act (H.R.1) Orphan Well Grant Flexibility Act of 2025 (H.R.1217) Proven Forest Management Act of 2025 (H.R.179) Public Lands in Public Hands Act (H.R.718) Reauthorization of the U.S. Development Finance Corporation Regional Leadership in Wildland Fire Research Act of 2025 (S.647) To establish a loan guarantee program for timber production expansion, to provide for the treatment of certain timber revenues, and for other purposes. (no bill number) To require the Secretary of Agriculture to carry out activities to suppress wildfires, and for other purposes. (H.R.178) TORCH Act (H.R.168)

Discussed the public power business model. Discussed the role of the Electricity Subsector Coordinating Council (ESCC) and the need for Critical Infrastructure Partnership Advisory Council (CIPAC) protections that allow the ESCC to be operational. Discussed the importance of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in coordinating the response to federal disasters and the restoration of electricity after such disasters. Discussed the upcoming hurricane season and the importance of the Department of Energy (DOE) as a partner in the mutual aid response given federal waivers and exemptions authority primarily resides in the Office of Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response within DOE. Discussed APPAs involvement with the Energy Threat Analysis Center. Discussed support for the reauthorization of the Cybersecurity and Information Security Act of 2015 (passed as Division N of P.L. 114-113) and provisions to maintain public power utilities inclusion in the definition of private entity in section 102(15)(B) and maintaining public power utilities inclusion in section 104(B) - Exemption from Disclosure. Discussed the importance of the Rural and Municipal Advanced Cybersecurity Grant Technical Assistance Program (section 40124 of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, P.L. 117-58) to help smaller public power utilities with their cybersecurity posture. Discussed concerns with proposed rescissions of funding for the RMUC Program (section 40124 of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, P.L. 117-58). Discussed how public power utilities are utilizing the Grid Resilience and Innovation Partnerships (GRIP) Program to enhance grid reliability and affordability in their communities. Discussed APPA support for the GRIP Program and protecting obligated funds from potential rescissions (no legislation). Discussed support for S. 448, the Credit Incentives for Resilient Critical Utility Infrastructure and Transformers (CIRCUIT) Act to provide tax credits to the manufacturers of distribution transformers (all provisions). Discussed support for reintroduction of H.R. 4045, the Hydropower Clean Energy Future Act in the 119th Congress (all provisions). Discussed the importance of improving the hydropower licensing and relicensing process (no bill). Discussed the importance of hydropower to the electric grid and reliability. Discussed support for H.R. 2160/S. 1183, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to establish tax credits environmental and safety upgrades at non-federal hydropower projects (all provisions). Discussed draft appropriations report language for DOE to study the feasibility of federal technical assistance and regional planning to meet local and regional energy goals. Discussed the need for permitting reform, including changes to the National Environmental Policy Act and other environmental statutes, to help expedite the siting and permitting of energy projects to meet rising electricity demand (no legislation). Discussed congressional oversight of the interconnection queue process (no legislation). Discussed the need for more flexibility for Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) and regional transmission organizations in prioritizing interconnection queues based on regional needs rather than resource attributes. Discussed H.R. 1047/S. 465, the GRID Power Act, to direct FERC to reform the interconnection queue process for the prioritization and approval of certain projects (all provisions). Discussed support for H.R. 3616, the Reliable Power Act, to give FERC the authority to determine and mitigate the significant reliability impacts of major federal regulations (pre-introduction and post-introduction of legislation). Discussed draft legislation, the State Energy Accountability Act, to create a new Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) section 111(d) must-consider requirement to require state regulatory authorities that implement an intermittent energy policy to considering conducting and making public an evaluation of the policys impact on reliability, including during extreme weather, and affordability, among other impacts. Discussed draft legislation, the State Planning for Reliability and Affordability Act, to require utilities to establish sufficient reliable generation facilities to ensure the availability of electric energy over a 10-year period as part of integrated resource planning. Discussed the importance of maintaining grid reliability and resource adequacy issues. Also discussed the importance of electricity affordability for all customers (no legislation). Discussed public powers concerns about transmission affordability, including transmission incentives. Discussed FERCs concerns about resource adequacy and the results of recent capacity auctions. Discussed the importance of reliability, including coordination between the gas and electricity sectors. Discussed the impact of changing tariffs on supply chains for electric utilities (no legislation). Discussed the importance of the Tennessee Valley Authority in providing affordable and reliable power to the Tennessee Valley.

Issues related to various clean energy credits and guidance; the advanced manufacturing production tax credit; and proposed transmission tax incentive. H.R.310, the Restoring Energy Market Freedom Act; H.R.1003/S.425, the Enhancing Energy Recovery Act (carbon capture); H.R.1080, the No Solar Panels on Fertile Farmland Act; H.R.1237, the PANELS Act; H.R.1462, To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to disallow the production tax credit and investment tax credit for offshore wind facilities placed in service in the inland navigable waters of the United States or the coastal waters of the United States; H.R.1946, the 45Q Repeal Act (carbon capture); H.R.2133, the Lakes Before Turbines Act (offshore wind); H.R.2160/S.1183, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act (hydro); H.R.2187, To amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to disallow the production tax credit and investment tax credit for offshore wind facilities placed in service in the inland navigable waters of the United States or the coastal waters of the United States, H.R.1, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act provisions and amendments related to clean energy including tax credits and foreign entities of concern; H.R.2838, the Ending Intermittent Energy Subsidies Act; H.R.3291, the Certainty for Our Energy Future Act; S.1721, the Energy Freedom Act.

Client expense: $140,000 · Firm income: Not reported

Wildfire management policy: S.349/H.R.2492, Fire-Safe Electrical Corridors Act of 2025; limited liability issues with BLM and Forest Service; S.1462/H.R.471, Fix Our Forests Act. Hydropower Licensing Process: H.R.2072, to require the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to extend the time period during which licensees are required to commence construction of certain hydropower projects; S.1020, requiring the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to extend construction start dates for pre-2020 projects. Grid reliability, energy generation and transmission, including issues related to the Lower Snake River Dams and Columbia River System operations. Supply chain of distribution transformers. Endangered Species Act reform: H.R.1897, ESA Amendments Act of 2025. Preserving and protecting Power Marketing Administrations: H.R.447, the Reliability for Ratepayers Act. Hydropower tax policy including fully funding direct pay energy tax credits: S.1183/H.R.2160, Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act. Energy affordability and the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $30,000

Government targets: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, SENATE

Hydropower tax policy, including clean energy provisions in the reconciliation package and the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act - H.R 2160/S. 1183. Legislation related to hydropower licensing reform.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $20,000

Hydropower tax policy, including clean energy provisions in the reconciliation package and the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act - H.R 2160/S. 1183. Legislation related to hydropower licensing reform.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: $20,000

Hydropower tax policy, including clean energy provisions in the reconciliation package and the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act - H.R 2160/S. 1183. Legislation related to hydropower licensing reform.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: Not reported

Hydropower tax policy, including clean energy provisions in the reconciliation package and the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act - H.R 2160/S. 1183. Legislation related to hydropower licensing reform.

Client expense: Not reported · Firm income: Not reported

H.R. 2160, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to support upgrades at existing hydroelectric dams in order to increase clean energy production, improve the resiliency and reliability of the United States electric grid, enhance the health of the Nations rivers and associated wildlife habitats, and for other purposes. S. 1183, the Maintaining and Enhancing Hydroelectricity and River Restoration Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to support upgrades at existing hydroelectric dams in order to increase clean energy production, improve the resiliency and reliability of the United States electric grid, enhance the health of the Nations rivers and associated wildlife habitats, and for other purposes. H.R. 3291, the Certainty for our Energy Future Act, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to terminate the clean electricity production credit and clean electricity investment credit with respect to certain technologies, and for other purposes. H.R. 1, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, this bill reduces taxes, reduces or increases spending for various federal programs, increases the statutory debt limit, and otherwise addresses agencies and programs throughout the federal government. It is known as a reconciliation bill and includes legislation submitted by several congressional committees pursuant to provisions in the FY2025 congressional budget resolution (H Con. Res. 14) that directed the committees to submit legislation to the House or Senate Budget Committee that will increase or decrease the deficit and increase the statutory debt limit by specified amounts. (Reconciliation bills are considered by Congress using expedited legislative procedures that prevent a filibuster and restrict amendments in the Senate.)