INSTITUTE FOR POLICY STUDIES

Lobbying Spend

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Filings

Firms Hired

Active Period

2024–2025

Lobbying Spend by Year

Client-reported lobbying expenses on LDA filings

Year	Lobbying Spend	Filings	Firms
2025	—	3	1
2024	—	2	1

Lobbying firms retained by this client; amounts are client-reported expenses when available

Firm Name	Reported Spend	Filings
SARAH CHRISTOPHERSON	—	5

Government entities explicitly identified as targets in LDA filings

Government Body	Filings
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES	4
SENATE	4

Most frequently reported lobbying issues

Issue Code	Description	Reports
Taxation/Internal Revenue Code	Taxation/Internal Revenue Code	5
Budget/Appropriations	Budget/Appropriations	1

INSTITUTE FOR POLICY STUDIES — Lobbying Disclosure | Poliscope