AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF ROME

Lobbying Spend

—

Filings

Firms Hired

Active Period

2011–2016

Lobbying Spend by Year

Client-reported lobbying expenses on LDA filings

Year	Lobbying Spend	Filings	Firms
2016	—	4	1
2015	—	4	1
2014	—	4	1
2013	—	4	1
2012	—	4	1
2011	—	4	1

Lobbying firms retained by this client; amounts are client-reported expenses when available

Firm Name	Reported Spend	Filings
VALENTE & ASSOCIATES	—	24

Government entities explicitly identified as targets in LDA filings

Most frequently reported lobbying issues

Issue Code	Description	Reports
Education	Education	3

AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF ROME — Lobbying Disclosure | Poliscope